Emphysematous Cystitis in a Patient with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

A 62-year-old woman with a history of poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus was admitted to our hospital with a 3-week history of mild fever, vomiting, and anorexia. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) showed bilateral hydronephrosis and gas accumulation in the urinary bladder wall and left ureter. Laboratory tests showed leukocytosis and elevated C-reactive protein level. Urine culture showed heavy growth of Escherichia coli. The final diagnosis was emphysematous cystitis. The patient was treated with systemic antibiotics and drainage using a urethral catheter. The clinical and radiographic findings resolved rapidly, and she was discharged from the hospital on day 28. Emphysematous cystitis is a relatively rare urinary tract infection associated with gas formation, and has the potential for a serious outcome if untreated. Early detection by imaging studies such as CT is important in providing prompt treatment and favorable clinical outcome

Facilitating Multimedia Database Exploration through Visual Interfaces and Perpetual Query Reformulations

Since multimedia retrieval is based on similarity calculations of semantics and media-based search, exact matches are not expected. We view querying multimedia database as a combination of IR, image matching, and traditional database query processing and it should be conducted in a way of perpetual query reformulation for honing target results. In this paper we present a hybrid multimedia database system, which employs a hierarchical database statistics structure for both query optimization and reformulation analysis without adding additional query processing cost. The contribution of this work is the integration of database methodology, user interface design, IR concepts, and image matching techniques for facilitating multimedia database exploration. 1 Introduction Query processing in multimedia databases is different from that in traditional database systems. Because contents stored in traditional database systems are rather precise, query results are certain. In information retri..