Methylotroph bacteria and cellular metabolite carotenoid alleviate ultraviolet radiation-driven abiotic stress in plants

Increasing UV radiation in the atmosphere due to the depletion of ozone layer is emerging abiotic stress for agriculture. Although plants have evolved to adapt to UV radiation through different mechanisms, but the role of phyllosphere microorganisms in counteracting UV radiation is not well studied. The current experiment was undertaken to evaluate the role of phyllosphere Methylobacteria and its metabolite in the alleviation of abiotic stress rendered by ultraviolet (UV) radiation. A potential pink pigmenting methylotroph bacterium was isolated from the phylloplane of the rice plant (oryzae sativa). The 16S rRNA gene sequence of the bacterium was homologous to the Methylobacter sp. The isolate referred to as Methylobacter sp N39, produced beta-carotene at a rate (μg ml–1 d–1) of 0.45–3.09. Biosynthesis of beta-carotene was stimulated by brief exposure to UV for 10 min per 2 days. Carotenoid biosynthesis was predicted as y = 3.09 × incubation period + 22.151 (r2 = 0.90). The carotenoid extract of N39 protected E. coli from UV radiation by declining its death rate from 14.67% min–1 to 4.30% min–1 under UV radiation. Application of N39 cells and carotenoid extract also protected rhizobium (Bradyrhizobium japonicum) cells from UV radiation. Scanning electron microscopy indicated that the carotenoid extracts protected E. coli cells from UV radiation. Foliar application of either N39 cells or carotenoid extract enhanced the plant’s (Pigeon pea) resistance to UV irradiation. This study highlight that Methylobacter sp N39 and its carotenoid extract can be explored to manage UV radiation stress in agriculture

Phytoremediation of Arsenic Contaminated Water Using Aquatic, Semi-Aquatic and Submerged Weeds

Arsenic (As) is the one the most toxic element present in earth which poses a serious threat to the environment and human health. Arsenic contamination of drinking water in South and Southeast Asia reported one of the most threatening problems that causes serious health hazard of millions of people of India and Bangladesh. Further, use of arsenic contaminated ground water for irrigation purpose causes entry of arsenic in food crops, especially in Rice and other vegetable crops. Currently various chemical technologies utilized for As removal from contaminated water like adsorption and co-precipitation using salts, activated charcoal, ion exchange, membrane filtration etc. are very costly and cannot be used for large scale for drinking and agriculture use. In contrast, phytoremediation utilizes green plats to remove pollutants from contaminated water using various mechanisms such as rhizofiltration, phytoextraction, phytostabilization, phytodegrartion and phytovolatilization. A large numbers of terrestrial and aquatic weed flora have been identified so far having hyper metal, metalloid and organic pollutant removal capacity. Among the terrestrial weed flora Arundo donax, Typha latifolia, Typha angustifolia, Vetivaria zizinoids etc. are the hyper As accumulator. Similarly Eicchornea crassipes (Water hyacinth), Pistia stratiotes (water lettuce), Lemna minor (duck weed), Hyrdilla verticillata, Ceratophyllum demersum, Spirodella polyrhiza, Azola, Wolfia spp., etc. are also capable to extract higher amount of arsenic from contaminated water. These weed flora having As tolerance mechanism in their system and thus remediate As contaminated water vis-à-vis continue their life cycle. In this chapter we will discuss about As extraction potential of various aquatic and semi aquatic weeds from contaminated water, their tolerance mechanism, future scope and their application in future world mitigating As contamination in water resources

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Nano Fe induced bacterial polysaccharide for soil aggregation and moisture retention under arid environment. In: National Seminar on Development in Soil Science. December 3-6, PAU, Ludhiana, Indian Society of Soil Science, New Delhi, p.100.Not AvailableNot Availabl

अबशिष्ठ जल के उप्चार हेतु उपोयक्त खारपटवार प्रबंधन बिधि का संखिता परिचोई . (Abasishta jal ke upchar hetu upaykta kharpatwar prabandhan bidhi ka sangkhipta parichai)

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Not AvailableIn context to environmentally benign technology, present study was made for biosynthesis of zinc nanoparticles which were used as nanofertilizer to enhance crop production in pearl millet (Pennisetum americanum L.) cv. HHB 67. Synthesized zinc nanoparticles were characterized for confirmation of size, shape, surface structure, crystalline nature, and study of elemental proportion. Results indicate that synthesized nanoparticle size ranged between 15 and 25 nm. A significant improvement in shoot length (15.1 %), root length (4.2 %), root area (24.2 %), chlorophyll content (24.4 %), total soluble leaf protein (38.7 %), plant dry biomass (12.5 %), and enzyme activities of acid phosphatase (76.9 %), alkaline phosphatase (61.7 %), phytase (322.2 %), and dehydrogenase (21 %) were observed over control in 6 weeks old plants. The grain yield at crop maturity was improved by 37.7 % due to application of zinc nanofertilizer.Not Availabl

Rare case of an isolated myeloid sarcoma presenting as dysphagia

Myeloid sarcoma (MS) is an unusual neoplasm whose understanding is principally based on the case reports and/or theoretically dated contributions. MS represents the proliferation of myeloblasts of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) at extramedullary sites. While extramedullary involvement in AML is unusual in itself, isolated (de novo) MSs that is MSs devoid of any bone marrow involvement are exceptionally rare. The present case report study expands the gamut of our acquaintance showing that MS can occur de novo, with no apparent sign or symptom of concomitant hematological disease and may show a significant response to treatment this may be omitted here. This case reports described a middle-aged male presenting as with dysphagia with isolated MS in the stomach, a very rare site