11 research outputs found
PENGARUH IMPLEMENTASI METODE STRUKTURAL ANALITIK DAN SINTETIK (SAS) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN MEMBACA DAN MENULIS SISWA PENDIDIKAN ANAK USIA DINI DI PAUD AL-HIKMAH NGEMBEH JOGOROTO
Dalam pengajaran membaca dan menulis kita mengenal bermacam-macam metode diantaranya metode Struktural Analitik dan Sistetik (SAS), metode tersebut siswa dihadapkan dengan beberapa gambar dan membaca beberapa kata/kalimat yang ada di bawah gambar tersebut secara berulang-ulang hingga lancar. Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana implementasi, keterampilan membaca dan menulis serta pengaruh implementasi metode SAS. Tujuan untuk mengetahui implementasi, keterampilan membaca dan menulis serta pengaruh implementasi metode SAS. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan angket, observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Desain pengukuran menggunakan skala Likert. Analisis data menggunakan rumus prosentase dan regresi linier sederhana. Berdasarkan analisis data penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa 1). Implementasi metode SAS menunjukkan angka sebesar 67,8 dan masuk dalam kategori cukup baik. 2). Keterampilan membaca dan menulis siswa menunjukkan bahwa 76,95 dan masuk kategori baik 3). Hasil pengujian hipotesis menunjukkan bahwa ada pengaruh implementasi metode struktural analitik sintetik (SAS) untuk meningkatkan keterampilan membaca dan menulis siswa pendidikan anak usia dini di PAUD Al-Hikmah Ngembeh Jogoroto.
Kata kunci : Metode Struktural Analitik dan Sintetik, keterampilan membaca dan menulis
Information processing: a solution to the binding problem?
The brain effortlessly recombines information about the shape, colour, motion and so on of objects in the visual scene, but how it does so is not known. Synchronous neuronal firing has seemed an attractive solution to this problem, but new results and theoretical insights cast doubt on its functional role
Forward and backward connections in the brain: A DCM study of functional asymmetries
In this paper, we provide evidence for functional asymmetries in forward and backward connections that
define hierarchical architectures in the brain. We exploit the fact that modulatory or nonlinear influences of
one neuronal system on another (i.e., effective connectivity) entail coupling between different frequencies.
Functional asymmetry in forward and backward connections was addressed by comparing dynamic causal
models of MEG responses induced by visual processing of normal and scrambled faces.We compared models
with and without nonlinear (between-frequency) coupling in both forward and backward connections.
Bayesian model comparison indicated that the best model had nonlinear forward and backward connections.
Using the best model we then quantified frequency-specific causal influences mediating observed spectral
responses. We found a striking asymmetry between forward and backward connections; in which high
(gamma) frequencies in higher cortical areas suppressed low (alpha) frequencies in lower areas. This
suppression was significantly greater than the homologous coupling in the forward connections.
Furthermore, exactly the asymmetry was observed when we examined face-selective coupling (i.e., coupling
under faces minus scrambled faces). These results highlight the importance of nonlinear coupling among
brain regions and point to a functional asymmetry between forward and backward connections in the human
brain that is consistent with anatomical and physiological evidence from animal studies. This asymmetry is
also consistent with functional architectures implied by theories of perceptual inference in the brain, based
on hierarchical generative models