Supporting a values-filled approach in Aotearoa through Indigenous Tourism

This conceptual paper offers an exploratory insight into the example of Māori tourism in New Zealand which illustrates how Indigenous tourism can demonstrate a values-filled approach to tourism. Māori engagement with tourism is based on Māori culture and values and this shapes tourism in distinct ways. These values include: whanaungatanga emphasizing attaining and maintaining relationships; kaitiakitanga referring to guardianship, care and protection;and . manaakitanga defined as hospitality and is manifested as caring and/or sharing with others. Māori have engaged with tourism since the colonization of New Zealand and there is extensive research detailing these Māori values in action through tourism. Our analysis builds on this to suggest that this models a “values-filled” approach to tourism of important significance. Māori culture and values shape an engagement with tourism that is unique and supports Māori thriving, tourists’ satisfaction and enhancement of New Zealand tourism. This analysis is supported with illustrative cases

Academic activism in tourism studies:Critical Narratives from Four Researchers

A climate of neoliberalism challenges the work of scholars whose research focuses on societal well-being through embedded community research and critical analysis of public policy, planning, and industry practices, what we call academic activism. This article draws on the autoethnographic insights and critical narratives of four tourism scholars to describe and analyze in a systematic manner the experiences of these researchers each engaged in what they consider to be academic activism. Our aim is to bring into focus and raise as matters of concern the future of tourism research in the neoliberal university and the need for greater critical and reflexive engagement by researchers in their positionality and agency. Although the contexts in which we work and our experiences differ greatly, the article identifies common themes, challenges, and opportunities within our approaches to research and action. Four emergent themes arose through the narrative analysis that helped to structure insights and findings: experiential journeys that shaped our current academic positionality and philosophical approaches to research and practice; a preference for embedded situated methodologies; a reflexive understanding of our political positioning; and a critical situated approach to understanding the external influences upon our research and strivings to contribute to the public good. The article raises challenging questions on the meaning of tourism research and the "public good" in the neoliberal university, and what being an academic activist entails in this context.</jats:p

Combler le fossé entre les chercheurs et les militants

Freya Higgins-Desbiolles au Forum Social Mondial (Salvador, Brésil), 2018 En 2018, j’ai participé au Forum Social Mondial de Salvador, au Brésil. Je me suis jointe au FSM avec mes collègues du Tourism Alert and Action Forum au sein duquel nous avons plaidé pour un tourisme respectueux des droits humains, de la justice sociale et de l’équité. Se rassembler avec des militants de toutes origines qui veulent construire un monde meilleur pour tous, a été très inspirant. Je suis une scientifique m..

La posibilidad de crear justicia a través del turismo

Este artículo considera la posibilidad que existe en el turismo de contribuir a los esfuerzos por hacer justicia. Revisa la evolución del turismo, inicialmente considerado como una reputada herramienta para el desarrollo personal y la transformación social, hasta su actual forma industrializada bajo el neoliberalismo, en el que se estima su valor en términos de empleo e ingresos. Pese a este contexto, a lo largo de la década de 2000 aumentó el reconocimiento de que los aspectos del turismo relacionados con la justicia y la capacidad que el turismo tiene para favorecer la justicia son temas dignos de estudio. El turismo justo toma muchas formas y se ve favorecido por una serie de medios y partes implicadas, aunque, en esencia, persigue el propósito de garantizar que el turismo ofrezca formas de desarrollo turístico más sociológica y ecológicamente benignas, que permitan crear mejores futuros para todas las partes implicadas, en particular para las comunidades anfitrionas. Los esfuerzos por hacer que el turismo sea más responsable, ético y justo han sido criticados, tanto desde una perspectiva neoliberal, que afirma que el turismo no es un espacio en el que se deban dar lecciones de moral, como desde un posicionamiento de la teoría crítica de la raza, que alega que es posible que muchas formas de turismo justo no alcancen sus objetivos de solidaridad y emancipación.Mirando hacia el futuro, este análisis sugiere que es imprescindible que la investigación y la acción que se desarrollen a partir de ahora aborden los problemas estructurales de mayor envergadura relacionados con la justicia y que el movimiento de los estudios críticos en turismo tiene el potencial de convertirse en un prometedor instrumento para la realización de esta tarea. Por otra parte, el difícil momento actual exige una atención renovada y más rigurosa. Los temas que deberán considerarse en el futuro abarcan los problemas estructurales de movilidad en un mundo precario, las injusticias climáticas, la justicia para otros seres no humanos en la era del Antropoceno y la diversidad de paradigmas y visiones del mundo para reflexionar sobre el turismo justo

The potential for justice through tourism

This article considers the potential for tourism to contribute to efforts to secure justice. It reviews the evolution of tourism from a respected tool for personal development and social transformation to its now industrialised form under neoliberalism where its value is estimated in terms of employment and income. Despite this context, recognition that the justice issues of tourism and justice capacities of tourism are worthy of analysis has grown in the 2000s. Justice tourism takes many forms and is facilitated by a number of means and stakeholders, but at its core it is focused on ensuring tourism delivers more sociologically and ecologically benign forms of tourism development which create better futures for all stakeholders, but particularly the hosting communities. Efforts to make tourism more responsible, ethical and just have been critiqued, both from a neoliberal perspective that tourism is not a site for moralisation and from a critical race positioning that many forms of justice tourism might not attain their goals of solidarity and emancipation.Looking forward, this analysis suggests that it is imperative that future research and action addresses the larger structural issues of justice and that the critical tourism studies movement is potentially a promising vehicle for this work. Additionally challenging contemporary times demand renewed and more rigorous focus. Future topics to consider include structural issues of mobility in a precarious world, climate injustices, justice for non-human others in the era of the Anthropocene and diverse paradigms and worldviews for thinking through justice tourism

Le rôle potentiel du tourisme en matière de justice

Cet article examine la contribution potentielle du tourisme aux efforts en faveur de la justice. Il retrace l’évolution du tourisme depuis l’époque où il était reconnu comme un agent de développement personnel et de transformation sociale jusqu’à sa forme actuelle, industrialisée, marquée par le néolibéralisme et jaugée en fonction des emplois et revenus qu’elle génère. Malgré ce contexte, on assiste depuis les années 2000 à une reconnaissance croissante de l’intérêt d’étudier les enjeux de justice liés au tourisme ainsi que le potentiel du tourisme en matière de justice. Le tourisme de justice prend de nombreuses formes et passe par divers mécanismes ou acteurs, mais fondamentalement, il cherche à générer des formes de développement touristique sociologiquement et écologiquement favorables, qui créent de meilleures perspectives pour toutes les parties, en particulier pour les communautés d’accueil. Les efforts pour rendre le tourisme plus responsable, éthique et équitable ont été critiqués, à la fois d’un point de vue néolibéral selon lequel le tourisme n’est pas le lieu d’un débat moral, et d’un point de vue fondé sur la théorie de la race selon lequel de nombreuses formes de tourisme de justice n’atteindraient pas leurs objectifs de solidarité et d’émancipation.Pour ce qui concerne l’avenir, l’auteur attire l’attention sur la nécessité impérieuse de consacrer d’avantage de recherches et d’initiatives aux enjeux structurels plus larges de la justice ; le courant d’études critiques en matière de tourisme lui apparaît, potentiellement, comme un vecteur prometteur dans ce domaine. De plus, les nombreux défis actuels requièrent une attention renouvelée et particulièrement rigoureuse. Les nouveaux sujets à étudier comprennent les enjeux structurels de la mobilité dans un monde instable, les injustices climatiques, la justice pour les êtres non-humains à l’ère de l’Anthropocène, et les nouveaux paradigmes et visions du Monde permettant de penser le tourisme de justice

International solidarity movement : a case study in volunteer tourism for justice

This paper examines the currently under-explored niche of volunteer tourism, 'volunteer tourism for justice' -- a form of alternative tourism that has the potential to be impervious to being co-opted by mainstream tourism. One important facet of volunteer tourism for justice is the undertaking of solidarity tours to visit communities at the front-lines of injustice and human rights abuses. A case study of an organisation that is representative of volunteer tourism for justice, the International Solidarity Movement (ISM), is presented. Through the ISM, international volunteers travel to Palestine to support the Palestinian resistance to occupation for two main purposes, providing protection and supporting the Palestinian voice on the issues confronting the Palestinian people. This case study analysis provides insights into the potentials and limitations of volunteer tourism as a tool for achieving justice and respect for human rights.