21 research outputs found
Anomalous Star-Formation Activity of Less-Luminous Galaxies in Cluster Environment
We discuss a correlation between star formation activity (SFA) and luminosity
of star-forming galaxies at intermediate redshifts of in both
cluster and field environments. Equivalent width (EW) of [O{\sc ii}] is used
for measurement of the SFA, and -band absolute magnitude, , for the
luminosity. In less-luminous (M_R \gsim -20.7) galaxies, we find : (1) the
mean EW([O{\sc ii}]) of cluster galaxies is smaller than that of field
galaxies; but (2) some cluster galaxies have as large EW([O{\sc ii}]) as that
of actively star-forming field galaxies. Based on both our results, we discuss
a new possible mechanism for the Butcher-Oemler (BO) effect, assuming that the
luminosity of a galaxy is proportional to its dynamical mass. Our proposal is
that BO galaxies are less-massive cluster galaxies with smaller peculiar
velocities. They are then stable against Kelvin-Helmholtz instability (KHI),
and are not affected by tidal interaction between clusters and themselves.
Their interstellar medium (ISM) would be hardly stripped, and their SFA would
be little suppressed. Hence, as long as such galaxies keep up their SFA, the
fraction of blue galaxies in a cluster does not decrease. As a cluster becomes
virialized, however, such galaxies become more accelerated, the ISM available
for SFA is stripped by KHI, and their color evolves redward, which produces the
BO effect.Comment: accepted for publication in ApJ
Dynamical condition of neutral hydrogen envelopes of dwarf galaxies and their possible morphological evolution
We investigate the star-formation history of gas-rich dwarf galaxies, taking
account of the dynamical evolution of their neutral hydrogen (H{\sc i})
envelope. Gas-rich dwarfs are classified into blue compact dwarfs (BCDs) and
dwarf irregulars (dIrrs). In this paper, their H{\sc i} envelope is clearly
shown not to be blown away by their stellar feedback. This is concluded since
the observed star-formation rate (SFR) of gas-rich dwarfs is generally smaller
than a critical SFR, , at which stellar feedback accelerates
the H{\sc i} envelope to the escape velocity. From this standpoint and the
chemical property of sample BCDs, we suggest two possibilities; (1) The H{\sc
i} gas in the envelope of BCDs is consumed to fuel their star-formation; and
(2) BCDs have a similar star-formation history. We also discuss morphological
evolution among dwarf galaxies. As long as gas-rich dwarfs are isolated, it is
difficult for them to evolve into dwarf ellipticals (dEs). When the H{\sc i}
envelope in gas-rich dwarfs is consumed in subsequent star-formation, a
morphological exchange between BCDs and dIrrs is still expected, consistent
with previous studies. If the SFR of gas-rich dwarfs was much higher than
in the past, interestingly, an evolutionary scenario from dEs
to gas-rich dwarfs is possible.Comment: 15 pages, 2 figures, accepted by A&A
Fabrication of low-cost, large-area prototype Si(Li) detectors for the GAPS experiment
A Si(Li) detector fabrication procedure has been developed with the aim of
satisfying the unique requirements of the GAPS (General Antiparticle
Spectrometer) experiment. Si(Li) detectors are particularly well-suited to the
GAPS detection scheme, in which several planes of detectors act as the target
to slow and capture an incoming antiparticle into an exotic atom, as well as
the spectrometer and tracker to measure the resulting decay X-rays and
annihilation products. These detectors must provide the absorption depth,
energy resolution, tracking efficiency, and active area necessary for this
technique, all within the significant temperature, power, and cost constraints
of an Antarctic long-duration balloon flight. We report here on the fabrication
and performance of prototype 2"-diameter, 1-1.25 mm-thick, single-strip Si(Li)
detectors that provide the necessary X-ray energy resolution of 4 keV for
a cost per unit area that is far below that of previously-acquired commercial
detectors. This fabrication procedure is currently being optimized for the
4"-diameter, 2.5 mm-thick, multi-strip geometry that will be used for the GAPS
flight detectors.Comment: Accepted for publication at Nuclear Instrumentation and Methods A, 12
pages, 11 figure
Use of Balloon Enteroscopy in Preoperative Diagnosis of Neurofibromatosis-Associated Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumours of the Small Bowel: A Case Report
Neurofibromatosis type I (NF1) is one of the most common inheritable disorders and is associated with an increased risk of gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs). However, the predominant location of these lesions in the small bowel makes them difficult to diagnose. We report the successful use of balloon enteroscopy in conjunction with conventional methods for clinical diagnosis of jejunal GISTs in a 70-year-old man with NF1 who presented with melaena. The importance of screening NF1 patients for GISTs and the complementary role of balloon enteroscopy with capsule endoscopy in such diagnoses is discussed