Comparison of nuclear P16 immunostaining in atypical and normal endocervical glands: A descriptive analytical study

Background: Cervical cancer is one of the most common malignancies worldwide and a major problem in the healthcare system. Nowadays, the importance of biomarkers in the diagnosis of malignancies is proven. Some studies have pointed to the role of P16 in the diagnosis of cervical cancer. The purpose of this study was to compare the nucleic reactivity with P16 antibody in atypical vs normal endocervical glands. Methods: We enrolled 60 patients who had undergone the hysterectomy due to non-endocervical causes at Alzahra University Hospital of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences to a descriptive-analytical study. We selected 25 patients with atypical endocervical glands and 35 subjects with normal glands based on the pathologic examination using hematoxylin-eosin staining. Then, we assessed the frequency of nucleic reactivity of the tissues with P16 antibody in both groups. Results: No P16 expression was observed in any of the samples from normal subjects. However, only 2 (8.0%) out of 25 samples from the atypical group, were not reactive to the P16 antibody. Also, 20 samples (80.0%) were diffusely stained continuous, whereas three samples (12.0%) were stained locally. Accordingly, in the group with atypical endocervical glands, the reaction with P16 antibody was significantly higher than that of normal endocervical glands (p= 0.001). Conclusion: P16 biomarker may play a role in the pathogenesis and progression of cervical cancer and can be used as a diagnostic marker for this purpose

نهضت بیمارستان‌سازی در عصر آل بویه با تأکید بر بیمارستان عضدی بغداد

Background and Aim: The Buyid Dynasty Played an Important Role in the Spread and Growth of Islamic Culture and Civilization. ‘Adud al-Dawla Was the Most Powerful Ruler of this Dynasty in Iran and Iraq, Who in 367 AH, as Amir al-Umara’, Actually Took Over the Affairs of the Abbasid Caliphate. According to the Testimony of Many Historians and Biographers, ‘Adud al-Dawla Was Known for His Friendship With Science and Literature and His Remarkable Support of Scientists and Scholars. Undoubtedly, Who was the Founder of Religious and Cultural Debates. Materials and Methods: The Present Article Tries to Prove That the Era of Al-Buyids and Especially the Period of ‘Adud al-Dawla Dailami can be Considered the Era of the Hospital-Building Movement in Islamic Civilization by Using Library Studies and Using Descriptive-Analytical Method Based on Valid Data From Ancient Sources and new Research. Findings: He Also Founded Mosques, Hospitals and Public Buildings in Many Other Cities. He Donated part of the Government's Assets to Charity. In Particular, it Cost a Lot to Build Hospitals. Baghdad's ‘Adudi Hospital, Which Became Famous all Over the World, is one of his Actions. The Construction of this Huge Hospital, Which Cost About one Hundred Thousand Dinars, Began in 368 Lunar Years and Ended in 372 Lunar Years. Conclusion: This Hospital, With its Efficient Administrative and Educational Structure and Services, and Strong Financial Support for the Treatment and Welfare of Patients, Especially the Training of Physicians in Specialized Fields, Has Been Unique in the History of Educational and Medical Institutions in Islamic Civilization.   Please cite this article as: Tajik Esmaeili H A, Heydar Niya M. The Role and Position of Baghdad Azodi Hospital in Historical Medical Developments in Iraq in the Fourth Century AH. Med Hist J, Special Issue on the History of Islam and Iran 2020; 239-254.زمینه و هدف: خاندان بویه یا بویهیان نقش مهمی در گسترش و بالندگی فرهنگ و تمدن اسلام داشته‌اند. عضدالدوله، مقتدرترین فرمانروای این دودمان در ایران و عراق بود، كه از سال 367‌هجری قمری، با عنوان امیرالامرایی درواقع زمام امور دارالخلافة عباسی را در دست گرفت. عضدالدوله به دانش‌دوستی و ادب‌پروری و حمایت‌های چشمگیرش از دانشمندان و عالمان، معروف بوده است. مواد و روش: مقاله حاضر با مطالعات کتابخانه‌ای و به‌کارگیری روش توصیفی - تحلیلی بر مبنای داده‌های معتبر مأخوذ از منابع کهن و تحقیقات جدید، سعی در اثبات این موضوع دارد که می‌توان عصر آل بویه و خاصه دوره عضدالدوله دیلمی ‌را عصر نهضت بیمارستان‌سازی در تمدن اسلامی ‌دانست. یافته‌ها:‌ همچنین در بسیاری از شهرهای دیگر نیز مسجد و بیمارستان و بناهای عمومی، بنیاد نهاد. او قسمتی از دارایی دولت را برای اعمال خیر اختصاص داد. خاصّه برای احداث بیمارستان‌ها‌ هزینه‌های فراوانی مبذول داشت. بیمارستان عضدی بغداد که شهره آفاق گشت؛ از اقدامات اوست. بنای این بیمارستان عظیم که قریب به صدهزار دینار‌ هزینه مصروف آن شد؛ در سال 368 قمری آغاز و در سال 372 قمری پایان یافت. نتیجه‌گیری: این بیمارستان با برخورداری از ساختار و تشکیلات اداری و آموزشی و خدماتی کارآمد و پشتوانه مالی قوی برای درمان و رفاه بیماران و به‌ویژه پرورش پزشکان در رشته‌های تخصصی، در تاریخ نهادهای آموزشی و طبی در تمدن اسلامی ‌بی‌نظیر بوده است

Genetic Variations of Tumor Necrosis Factor –α-308 and Lymphtoxin-α+252 in Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma and Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Patients

Objective(s): Non- Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) are two main hematological malignances which have been driven from lymphoid tissue. Genetic polymorphisms in tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) -308 and lymphotoxin-α (LT-α) +252 may affect their transcription and expression which leads to their high plasma level. The frequency of the TNF-α (-308) and LT-α (+ 252) polymorphisms are different for NHL and ALL cases in various populations with different ethnicity. This research is designed to investigate the prevalence and association of TNF-α (-308) and LT-α (+ 252) polymorphisms from NHL and ALL in Azarian patients and healthy individuals from Northwestern part of Iran.   Materials and Methods: Seventy subjects with ALL and 68 NHL, along with another 130 healthy subjects as control group took part in this study. Genomic DNA was extracted, then genetic polymorphisms in TNF-α and LT-α genes were analyzed with the PCR-RFLP and NCOI as restriction enzyme. A statistical analysis was performed by chi-square test using SPSS software. A P-value o