Intelligent Evaluation Method of Human Cervical Vertebra Rehabilitation Based on Computer Vision

With the changes in human work and lifestyle, the incidence of cervical spondylosis is increasing substantially, especially for adolescents. Cervical spine exercises are an important means to prevent and rehabilitate cervical spine diseases, but no mature unmanned evaluating and monitoring system for cervical spine rehabilitation training has been proposed. Patients often lack the guidance of a physician and are at risk of injury during the exercise process. In this paper, we first propose a cervical spine exercise assessment method based on a multi-task computer vision algorithm, which can replace physicians to guide patients to perform rehabilitation exercises and evaluations. The model based on the Mediapipe framework is set up to construct a face mesh and extract features to calculate the head pose angles in 3-DOF (three degrees of freedom). Then, the sequential angular velocity in 3-DOF is calculated based on the angle data acquired by the computer vision algorithm mentioned above. After that, the cervical vertebra rehabilitation evaluation system and index parameters are analyzed by data acquisition and experimental analysis of cervical vertebra exercises. A privacy encryption algorithm combining YOLOv5 and mosaic noise mixing with head posture information is proposed to protect the privacy of the patient’s face. The results show that our algorithm has good repeatability and can effectively reflect the health status of the patient’s cervical spine

H10Nx avian influenza viruses detected in wild birds in China pose potential threat to mammals

H10 subtype avian influenza viruses (AIVs) have been isolated from wild and domestic avian species worldwide and have occasionally crossed the species barrier to mammalian hosts. Fatal human cases of H10N8 infections and the recent detection of human H10N3 infections have drawn widespread public attention. In this study, 25 H10Nx viruses were isolated from wild waterfowl in China during a long-term surveillance of AIVs. We conducted phylogenetic and phylogeographic studies of the hemagglutinin (HA) genes of global H10 viruses to determine the spatiotemporal patterns of spread and the roles of different hosts in viral transmission. We found the pattern of AIV transmission from wild birds to poultry to humans, and Anatidae have acted as the seeding population in the spread of the virus. Phylogenetic incongruence indicated complex reassortment events and our isolates were divided into eight genotypes (G1–8). We also found that the HA genes of the G8 viruses belonged to the North American lineage, indicating that intercontinental gene flow has occurred. Their receptor-binding specificity showed that the G1/4/5/6/7/8 viruses bind to both human-type α2,6-linked sialic acid receptors and avian-type α2,3-linked sialic acid receptors. Mouse studies indicated that the H10Nx isolates replicated efficiently in the respiratory system without preadaptation, but showed low pathogenicity in mice. The H10Nx isolates showed no (G2/4/7) or low pathogenicity (G1/3/5/6/8) in chickens, and the G6 and G8 viruses could be transmitted to chickens through direct contact. The asymptomatic shedding of these wild-bird-origin H10Nx isolates in chickens and their good adaptation in mice should increase the ease of their transmission to humans, and they therefore pose a threat to public health. Our findings demonstrate a further understanding of wild bird-origin H10 viruses and provide information for the continuous surveillance of H10 subtype viruses