PERBEDAAN KELAS DIAMETER KAYU MANGIUM (Acacia MangiumWilld) DI AREA REKLAMASI TAMBANG BATUBARATERHADAP PERUBAHAN STRUKTUR ANATOMI KAYU

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan kelas diameter kayumangiumhasil reklamasi lahan tambang batubara terhadap struktur anatomi kayu. Kayu mangium yang digunakan untuk penelitian pada kelas diameter 20 cm, 25 cm dan 30 cm berasal dari reklamasi lahan tambang batubara.  Analisis data menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap. Adapun hasil dari penelitian ini adalah tidak terdapat perbedaan klasifikasi struktur anatomi kayu mangiumhasil reklamasi pada perbedaan kelas diameter;  perbedaan kelas diameter kayumangium berpengaruh signifikan terhadap struktur anatomi adalah pada jumlah sel pori, jumlah dan persentase sel jari-jari;  letak contoh uji berdasarkan arah ketinggian berpengaruh signifikan terhadap struktur anatomi adalah pada tinggi dan jumlah sell pori, lebar sel jari-jari, diameter serat, lumen, persentase sel serabut

Phytochemical and Antioxidant Activity of Blumea balsamifera and Cordyline fruticosa Based on Ethnopharmacology Knowledge of Muara Tae Tribe, East Kalimantan

Plant use as traditional medicine is still widely practiced in Indonesia. Muara Tae tribe people, West Kutai regency are one of the regions that still rely on Blumea balsamifera and Cordyline fruticosa plants as traditional medicine. This study aims to determine the potential of Blumea balsamifera and Cordyline fruticosa leaves as medicinal plants with phytochemicals and antioxidants. Phytochemical analysis was tested using Harborne and Kokate methods. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH radical scavenging assay with slight modification. The results of the phytochemical analysis showed that the extracts of n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol from the leaves of Blumea balsamifera and Cordyline fruticosa contained alkaloids, tannins, and triterpenoids. Antioxidant activity of Blumea balsamifera leaves extract showed that the n-hexane extract display an ability to inhibit DPPH free radical by 50% at 100 ppm concentration, while ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts display an ability by 77% and 81% at 50 ppm concentration. IC50 value of ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts of Blumea balsamifera leaves sequentially were 23.68 µg/mL and 17.59 µg/mL. Antioxidant activity of Cordyline fruticosa leaves extract showed that the n-hexane and ethyl acetate extract display an ability to inhibit DPPH free radical by 45% and 56% at 100 ppm concentration, while ethanol extracts display an ability by 76% at 50 ppm concentration. IC50 value of ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts of Cordyline fruticosa leaves sequentially were 73.72 µg/mL and 20.17 µg/mL. Based on the results, Blumea balsamifera and Cordyline fruticosa leaves extracts had the potential to develop as natural antioxidants

Antibacterial Potency and Physicochemical Profiles of Eucalyptus pellita Leaf Waste Essential Oil from PT Surya Hutani Jaya, East Kalimantan

Eucalyptus is one of the fast growing species plants, currently used in the pulp and paper industry. The leaves of Eucalyptus are known as forest harvesting waste. This research aim to examine the antibacterial potency and the physicochemical profiles of Eucalyptus pellita leaves waste essential oils grown in PT Surya Hutani Jaya Site 32, East Kalimantan named EP B077. The essential oils distilled using water and steam distillation methods. Analysis of physicochemical profiles from this oil included yield, colour, refractive index, specific gravity, and chemical compositions by GC-MS. Antibacterial activity assayed by agar diffusion method against Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptoccoccus sobrinus and Streptoccoccus mutans with slight modification. The results showed that EP B077 had the yellow colour, yield oils was 0.44%, 1.471 of refractive index, and 0.8706 of specific gravity. Chemical components of EP B077 oils were dominated by α-Pinene (40.36%), 1-β-Pinene (31.75%), Cyclohexene, 1-methyl-4-(1-methylethenyl)- (9.64%), Trans(β)-Caryophyllene (4.29%) and Eucalyptol (1,8-Cineole) (3.88%). This EP B077 oils was active to inhibit bacteria against S. epidermidis and S. sobrinus range from 9-15 mm, also against S.mutans ranging from 9-14 mm. Based on the results, this Eucalyptus pellita leaves named EP B077 had potential to develop as a new source of essential oil and antibacterial agents

POTENTIAL UTILIZATION OF SEMBUNG (Blumea balsamifera) LEAVES WITH ANALYSIS OF PHOTOCHEMICAL CONTENT, ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITIES

Sembung plant (Blumea balsamifera) is known to have natural antibacterial properties, which can inhibit the growth of cancer and tumors. This study explored the potential of Sembung leaves for its phytochemical analysis, antioxidant and antibacterial activity. Test of antioxidant activity showed that the n-hexane of sembung leaves extract display ability to inhibit DPPH free radical by 70%  at 200 ppm concentration,while ethyl acetate extracts by 87% at 100 ppm consentration and ethanol extracts by 82% at 50 ppm and 100 ppm consentration. Antibacterial activity showed that the ethanol extract of sembung leaves display ability to inhibit the P. acnes growth with 14 mm inhibition activity at 400 µg/well concentration. The ethanol extracts of sembung leaves display ability to inhibit the S. mutans growth with 15 mm at 400 µg/well concentration. Antibacterial activity of ethanol extract of sembung leaves display ability to inhibit the S. sobrinus growth with 13 mm at 400 µg/well concentration. Based on the results, Sembung leaves (B. balsamifera) display potential as a natural antioxidant and antibacterial agent