France -Territoires - Rapport national destiné au Comité scientifique de la Commission des thons de l'océan Indien, pour sa réunion annuelle 2013-2014. Informations sur les pêcheries, les recherches et les statistiques

Les outre-mer français de l’océan indien incluent Mayotte, Département depuis le 31 mars 2011 et les îles Eparses qui sont rattachées à l’administration supérieure des Terres Australes et Antarctiques françaises (TAAF). Depuis janvier 2010, Mayotte dispose d’un parc naturel marin (PNM) doté d’un conseil de gestion dont les limites maritimes sont celles de la ZEE de Mayotte. Un second parc naturel marin a été créé le 22 février 2012 (décret n°2012-245 du 22 février 2012), il s’agit du PNM des Glorieuses, qui dépend des îles Eparses, qui s’étend sur l’ensemble de la ZEE des Glorieuses. Les captures totales dans l’océan Indien des 5 senneurs français immatriculés à Mayotte se sont élevées en 2013 à 26 000 tonnes, soit une diminution de 10% par rapport à 2012 (29 000 t) malgré un nombre de jours de pêche équivalent. Le programme observateur mis en place en 2005 puis interrompu en 2009 pour raison de sécurité face au développement de la piraterie somalienne, a repris en 2011 et s’est poursuivi en 2013 en particulier sur les plus grands senneurs de la flottille, grâce à une collaboration mise en place avec les TAAF. Le taux global de couverture est de 13,6%. La flotte de pêche côtière artisanale de Mayotte, composée d’un grand nombre de pirogues et de barques pratiquant essentiellement la pêche à la palangrotte, à la traîne et au filet, et de quatre petits palangriers (palangre pélagique dérivante) ciblant les thons et espadons essentiellement. Les captures réalisées par les palangriers dans les eaux de Mayotte sont en augmentation et sont estimées à 52 tonnes en 2011 et 67 tonnes en 2012. La mise en oeuvre d’un système d’informations halieutiques permettant de collecter, compiler et traiter les données de cette flottille est prévue pour la fin de l’année 2014. Le dispositif de recherche thonière actuel de la France (IRD & Ifremer principalement) couvre des activités de type observatoire, l’étude des comportements migratoires des grands pélagiques, des études génétiques pour la délimitation des stocks, des études sur la biologie de la reproduction, la mise au point de mesures d’atténuations des prises accessoires et l’étude de la dynamique de l’écosystème tropical. La plupart des projets sont financés sur appel d’offre international, européen ou national. On trouvera dans le rapport la liste des différents projets qui se sont poursuivis ou ont débuté en 2013-2014. Dans l’ensemble, la France a participé activement à tous les groupes de travail organisés par la CTOI, notamment en y présentant 23 contributions scientifiques en 2014

The nationwide assessment of marine recreational fishing: A French example

International audienceIn 2006, IFREMER, with the help of the polling institute BVA, implemented a national pilot study of recreational fishing. Taking into account all the different fishing methods, from shellfish gathering to offshore angling, including spear-fishing, this study was designed to provide estimates of (i) the number of recreational fishers in France, (ii) recreational fishing effort; (iii) catches and landings; (iv) the economic impacts of recreational fishing, and to develop a classification of recreational fishers. A two-part method was adopted: a random-digit-dialing (RDD) survey combined with an on-site survey. The data collected from telephone and on-site surveys were compared and then used in combination to provide a reliable estimate of this growing activity in France. Recreational fishers are estimated at around 2.5 million, with the total catch estimated at 24,000 t of fish and 3100 t of shellfish. Fishing expenditure was estimated at between 1200 and 2000 million euros

Combining Telephone Surveys and Fishing Catches Self-Report: The French Sea Bass Recreational Fishery Assessment

International audienceFisheries statistics are known to be underestimated, since they are mainly based on information about commercial fisheries. However, various types of fishing activities exist and evaluating them is necessary for implementing effective management plans. This paper assesses the characteristics and catches of the French European sea bass recreational fishery along the Atlantic coasts, through the combination of large-scale telephone surveys and fishing diaries study. Our results demonstrated that half of the total catches (mainly small fish) were released at sea and that the mean length of a kept sea bass was 46.6 cm. We highlighted different patterns of fishing methods and type of gear used. Catches from boats were greater than from the shore, both in abundance and biomass, considering mean values per fishing trip as well as CPUE. Spearfishers caught the highest biomass of sea bass per fishing trip, but the fishing rod with lure was the most effective type of gear in terms of CPUE. Longlines had the highest CPUE value in abundance but not in biomass: they caught numerous but small sea bass. Handlines were less effective, catching few sea bass in both abundance and biomass. We estimated that the annual total recreational sea bass catches was 3,173 tonnes of which 2,345 tonnes were kept. Since the annual commercial catches landings were evaluated at 5,160 tonnes, recreational landings represent 30% of the total fishing catches on the Atlantic coasts of France. Using fishers' self-reports was a valuable way to obtain new information on data-poor fisheries. Our results underline the importance of evaluating recreational fishing as a part of the total amount of fisheries catches. More studies are critically needed to assess overall fish resources caught in order to develop effective fishery management tools

First results from a pilot survey of recreational fishing in France

Between 2006 and 2008, Ifremer, in collaboration with the polling institute BVA, implemented a pilot survey of french recreational fisheries. The aim of the survey was to assess the overall population involved in this activity, taking into account the diversity of recreational fishing practices, from fish and shellfish gathering on the seashore to angling and spearfishing. The study was designed to provide first estimates of fishing effort, catches and landings, and economic impacts of recreational fishing. The protocol implemented was two-step. First, a telephone survey of french households, based on a sampling frame of the entire french population of people aged 15+, was carried out to assess the population of fishers and give a first general view of the diversity of fishing practices. Information was also collected regarding catches and landings and expenditure at various temporal scale. Second, on-site surveys were carried out to establish more precise measures of catches and expenditure per fishing trip. Sampling schemes for both phases of the survey work were designed such that data collected from telephone and on-site surveys could be confronted and used jointly in the estimation of catches and expenditure by fishers at the national level. The paper presents the methodology developed and first results obtained based on the telephone survey

Combining telephone and on-site surveys for the estimation of catches and expenditures by recreational fishers: the pilot survey of French recreational fisheries

International audienceIn 2006, Ifremer, with the help of the polling institute BVA, implemented a pilot national study of recreational fisheries. The aim of the study was to assess the population involved in this activity, taking into account the diversity of recreational fishing activities, from seafood gathering to offshore angling. This study 180 | ICES Annual Science Conference 2007 was designed to provide first estimates of (i) fishing activity; (ii) catches and landings; and (iii) economic impacts of recreational fishing. The protocol implemented was two-step. First, a telephone survey of French households, based on a sampling frame of the entire French population of people aged 15+, was carried out to assess the population of fishers and give a first general view of the diversity of fishing practices, Information was also collected regarding catches and landings and expenditure at various temporal scales (annual, previous three months, last fishing trip). Second, on-site surveys were carried out to obtain precise measures of catches and expenditure per fishing trip. Sampling schemes for both phases of the survey work were designed such that data collected from telephone and on-site surveys could be combined and used jointly in the estimation of catches and expenditure by fishers at national level. The paper presents the methodology developed and first results obtained based on the joint use of the telephone and on-site survey data. Particular emphasis is placed on the way in which the methodology was designed to allow local observations of catches and expenditure per trip to be extrapolated to the national level

Mean weight and abundance of sea bass caught by recreational fishers from boats and from the shore.

<p>Dark grey: caught sea bass; Medium grey: kept sea bass; Light grey: released sea bass; Black bars: confidence interval (α = 0.95).</p

Annual recreational catch estimates of European sea bass in France (Atlantic coasts).

<p>Medium grey: kept amount; Light grey: released amount.</p

Recreational fishing activities in the French West Indies: A preliminary analysis of their structure and economic impact

International audienc

Mean CPUE of caught sea bass, from boats and from the shore.

<p>Dark grey: from boats; Shaded lines: from the shore; Black bars: confidence interval (α = 0.95).</p

Mean CPUE of caught sea bass, per gear type.

<p>Black bars: confidence interval (α = 0.95).</p