52 research outputs found
Mapping the Hot Spots: Zoning Approaches to Space Analysis
This poster examines a preliminary approach to space design developed and implemented in Eastern Kentucky Universityâs Noel Studio for Academic Creativity. The approach discussed here is entitled âHot Spots,â which has allowed the research team to observe trends in space usage and composing activities among students. The Hot Spots approach has yielded valuable insights into the design of flexible learning spaces that provide a point of reflection for the future
Hydrogen Production and Enzyme Activities in the Hyperthermophile Thermococcus paralvinellae Grown on Maltose, Tryptone, and Agricultural Waste
Thermococcus may be an important alternative source of H2 in the hot subseafloor in otherwise low H2environments such as some hydrothermal vents and oil reservoirs. It may also be useful in industry for rapid agricultural waste treatment and concomitant H2 production. Thermococcus paralvinellae grown at 82°C without sulfur produced up to 5 mmol of H2 Lâ1 at rates of 5â36 fmol H2 cellâ1 hâ1 on 0.5% (wt volâ1) maltose, 0.5% (wt volâ1) tryptone, and 0.5% maltose + 0.05% tryptone media. Two potentially inhibiting conditions, the presence of 10 mM acetate and low pH (pH 5) in maltose-only medium, did not significantly affect growth or H2production. Growth rates, H2 production rates, and cell yields based on H2 production were the same as those for Pyrococcus furiosus grown at 95°C on the same media for comparison. Acetate, butyrate, succinate, isovalerate, and formate were also detected as end products. After 100 h, T. paralvinellae produced up to 5 mmol of H2 Lâ1 of medium when grown on up to 70% (vol volâ1) waste milk from cows undergoing treatment for mastitis with the bacterial antibiotic Ceftiofur and from untreated cows. The amount of H2 produced by T. paralvinellae increased with increasing waste concentrations, but decreased in P. furiosus cultures supplemented with waste milk above 1% concentration. All mesophilic bacteria from the waste milk that grew on Luria Bertani, Sheep\u27s Blood (selective for Staphylococcus, the typical cause of mastitis), and MacConkey (selective for Gram-negative enteric bacteria) agar plates were killed by heat during incubation at 82°C. Ceftiofur, which is heat labile, was below the detection limit following incubation at 82°C. T. paralvinellae also produced up to 6 mmol of H2 Lâ1 of medium when grown on 0.1â10% (wt volâ1) spent brewery grain while P. furiosus produced \u3c 1 mmol of H2 Lâ1. Twelve of 13 enzyme activities in T. paralvinellae showed significant (p \u3c 0.05) differences across six different growth conditions; however, methyl viologen-dependent membrane hydrogenase activity remained constant across all media types. The results demonstrate the potential of at least some Thermococcus species to produce H2 if protein and α-glucosides are present as substrates
The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: A Measurement of the DR6 CMB Lensing Power Spectrum and its Implications for Structure Growth
We present new measurements of cosmic microwave background (CMB) lensing over
sq. deg. of the sky. These lensing measurements are derived from the
Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) Data Release 6 (DR6) CMB dataset, which
consists of five seasons of ACT CMB temperature and polarization observations.
We determine the amplitude of the CMB lensing power spectrum at
precision ( significance) using a novel pipeline that minimizes
sensitivity to foregrounds and to noise properties. To ensure our results are
robust, we analyze an extensive set of null tests, consistency tests, and
systematic error estimates and employ a blinded analysis framework. The
baseline spectrum is well fit by a lensing amplitude of
relative to the Planck 2018 CMB power spectra
best-fit CDM model and relative to
the best-fit model. From our lensing power
spectrum measurement, we derive constraints on the parameter combination
of
from ACT DR6 CMB lensing alone and
when combining ACT DR6 and Planck NPIPE
CMB lensing power spectra. These results are in excellent agreement with
CDM model constraints from Planck or
CMB power spectrum measurements. Our lensing measurements from redshifts
-- are thus fully consistent with CDM structure growth
predictions based on CMB anisotropies probing primarily . We find no
evidence for a suppression of the amplitude of cosmic structure at low
redshiftsComment: 45+21 pages, 50 figures. Prepared for submission to ApJ. Also see
companion papers Madhavacheril et al and MacCrann et a
The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: High-resolution component-separated maps across one-third of the sky
Observations of the millimeter sky contain valuable information on a number
of signals, including the blackbody cosmic microwave background (CMB), Galactic
emissions, and the Compton- distortion due to the thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich
(tSZ) effect. Extracting new insight into cosmological and astrophysical
questions often requires combining multi-wavelength observations to spectrally
isolate one component. In this work, we present a new arcminute-resolution
Compton- map, which traces out the line-of-sight-integrated electron
pressure, as well as maps of the CMB in intensity and E-mode polarization,
across a third of the sky (around 13,000 sq.~deg.). We produce these through a
joint analysis of data from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) Data Release
4 and 6 at frequencies of roughly 93, 148, and 225 GHz, together with data from
the \textit{Planck} satellite at frequencies between 30 GHz and 545 GHz. We
present detailed verification of an internal linear combination pipeline
implemented in a needlet frame that allows us to efficiently suppress Galactic
contamination and account for spatial variations in the ACT instrument noise.
These maps provide a significant advance, in noise levels and resolution, over
the existing \textit{Planck} component-separated maps and will enable a host of
science goals including studies of cluster and galaxy astrophysics, inferences
of the cosmic velocity field, primordial non-Gaussianity searches, and
gravitational lensing reconstruction of the CMB.Comment: The Compton-y map and associated products will be made publicly
available upon publication of the paper. The CMB T and E mode maps will be
made available when the DR6 maps are made publi
The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: DR6 Gravitational Lensing Map and Cosmological Parameters
We present cosmological constraints from a gravitational lensing mass map
covering 9400 sq. deg. reconstructed from CMB measurements made by the Atacama
Cosmology Telescope (ACT) from 2017 to 2021. In combination with BAO
measurements (from SDSS and 6dF), we obtain the amplitude of matter
fluctuations at 1.8% precision,
and the Hubble
constant at
1.6% precision. A joint constraint with CMB lensing measured by the Planck
satellite yields even more precise values: ,
and . These measurements agree
well with CDM-model extrapolations from the CMB anisotropies measured
by Planck. To compare these constraints to those from the KiDS, DES, and HSC
galaxy surveys, we revisit those data sets with a uniform set of assumptions,
and find from all three surveys are lower than that from ACT+Planck
lensing by varying levels ranging from 1.7-2.1. These results motivate
further measurements and comparison, not just between the CMB anisotropies and
galaxy lensing, but also between CMB lensing probing on
mostly-linear scales and galaxy lensing at on smaller scales. We
combine our CMB lensing measurements with CMB anisotropies to constrain
extensions of CDM, limiting the sum of the neutrino masses to eV (95% c.l.), for example. Our results provide independent
confirmation that the universe is spatially flat, conforms with general
relativity, and is described remarkably well by the CDM model, while
paving a promising path for neutrino physics with gravitational lensing from
upcoming ground-based CMB surveys.Comment: 30 pages, 16 figures, prepared for submission to ApJ. Cosmological
likelihood data is here:
https://lambda.gsfc.nasa.gov/product/act/actadv_prod_table.html ; likelihood
software is here: https://github.com/ACTCollaboration/act_dr6_lenslike . Also
see companion papers Qu et al and MacCrann et al. Mass maps will be released
when papers are publishe
The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: A measurement of the DR6 CMB lensing power spectrum and its implications for structure growth
We present new measurements of cosmic microwave background (CMB) lensing over 9400 deg2 of the sky. These lensing measurements are derived from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) Data Release 6 (DR6) CMB data set, which consists of five seasons of ACT CMB temperature and polarization observations. We determine the amplitude of the CMB lensing power spectrum at 2.3% precision (43Ï significance) using a novel pipeline that minimizes sensitivity to foregrounds and to noise properties. To ensure that our results are robust, we analyze an extensive set of null tests, consistency tests, and systematic error estimates and employ a blinded analysis framework. Our CMB lensing power spectrum measurement provides constraints on the amplitude of cosmic structure that do not depend on Planck or galaxy survey data, thus giving independent information about large-scale structure growth and potential tensions in structure measurements. The baseline spectrum is well fit by a lensing amplitude of A lens = 1.013 ± 0.023 relative to the Planck 2018 CMB power spectra best-fit ÎCDM model and A lens = 1.005 ± 0.023 relative to the ACT DR4 + WMAP best-fit model. From our lensing power spectrum measurement, we derive constraints on the parameter combination S8CMBLâĄÏ8Ωm/0.30.25 of S8CMBL=0.818±0.022 from ACT DR6 CMB lensing alone and S8CMBL=0.813±0.018 when combining ACT DR6 and Planck NPIPE CMB lensing power spectra. These results are in excellent agreement with ÎCDM model constraints from Planck or ACT DR4 + WMAP CMB power spectrum measurements. Our lensing measurements from redshifts z ⌠0.5â5 are thus fully consistent with ÎCDM structure growth predictions based on CMB anisotropies probing primarily z ⌠1100. We find no evidence for a suppression of the amplitude of cosmic structure at low redshifts
The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: DR6 gravitational lensing map and cosmological parameters
We present cosmological constraints from a gravitational lensing mass map covering 9400 deg2 reconstructed from measurements of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) made by the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) from 2017 to 2021. In combination with measurements of baryon acoustic oscillations and big bang nucleosynthesis, we obtain the clustering amplitude Ï 8 = 0.819 ± 0.015 at 1.8% precision, S8âĄÏ8(Ωm/0.3)0.5=0.840±0.028 , and the Hubble constant H 0 = (68.3 ± 1.1) km sâ1 Mpcâ1 at 1.6% precision. A joint constraint with Planck CMB lensing yields Ï 8 = 0.812 ± 0.013, S8âĄÏ8(Ωm/0.3)0.5=0.831±0.023 , and H 0 = (68.1 ± 1.0) km sâ1 Mpcâ1. These measurements agree with ÎCDM extrapolations from the CMB anisotropies measured by Planck. We revisit constraints from the KiDS, DES, and HSC galaxy surveys with a uniform set of assumptions and find that S 8 from all three are lower than that from ACT+Planck lensing by levels ranging from 1.7Ï to 2.1Ï. This motivates further measurements and comparison, not just between the CMB anisotropies and galaxy lensing but also between CMB lensing probing z ⌠0.5â5 on mostly linear scales and galaxy lensing at z ⌠0.5 on smaller scales. We combine with CMB anisotropies to constrain extensions of ÎCDM, limiting neutrino masses to âm Îœ < 0.13 eV (95% c.l.), for example. We describe the mass map and related data products that will enable a wide array of cross-correlation science. Our results provide independent confirmation that the universe is spatially flat, conforms with general relativity, and is described remarkably well by the ÎCDM model, while paving a promising path for neutrino physics with lensing from upcoming ground-based CMB surveys
Effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor and angiotensin receptor blocker initiation on organ support-free days in patients hospitalized with COVID-19
IMPORTANCE Overactivation of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) may contribute to poor clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19.
Objective To determine whether angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) initiation improves outcomes in patients hospitalized for COVID-19.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS In an ongoing, adaptive platform randomized clinical trial, 721 critically ill and 58 nonâcritically ill hospitalized adults were randomized to receive an RAS inhibitor or control between March 16, 2021, and February 25, 2022, at 69 sites in 7 countries (final follow-up on June 1, 2022).
INTERVENTIONS Patients were randomized to receive open-label initiation of an ACE inhibitor (nâ=â257), ARB (nâ=â248), ARB in combination with DMX-200 (a chemokine receptor-2 inhibitor; nâ=â10), or no RAS inhibitor (control; nâ=â264) for up to 10 days.
MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary outcome was organ supportâfree days, a composite of hospital survival and days alive without cardiovascular or respiratory organ support through 21 days. The primary analysis was a bayesian cumulative logistic model. Odds ratios (ORs) greater than 1 represent improved outcomes.
RESULTS On February 25, 2022, enrollment was discontinued due to safety concerns. Among 679 critically ill patients with available primary outcome data, the median age was 56 years and 239 participants (35.2%) were women. Median (IQR) organ supportâfree days among critically ill patients was 10 (â1 to 16) in the ACE inhibitor group (nâ=â231), 8 (â1 to 17) in the ARB group (nâ=â217), and 12 (0 to 17) in the control group (nâ=â231) (median adjusted odds ratios of 0.77 [95% bayesian credible interval, 0.58-1.06] for improvement for ACE inhibitor and 0.76 [95% credible interval, 0.56-1.05] for ARB compared with control). The posterior probabilities that ACE inhibitors and ARBs worsened organ supportâfree days compared with control were 94.9% and 95.4%, respectively. Hospital survival occurred in 166 of 231 critically ill participants (71.9%) in the ACE inhibitor group, 152 of 217 (70.0%) in the ARB group, and 182 of 231 (78.8%) in the control group (posterior probabilities that ACE inhibitor and ARB worsened hospital survival compared with control were 95.3% and 98.1%, respectively).
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this trial, among critically ill adults with COVID-19, initiation of an ACE inhibitor or ARB did not improve, and likely worsened, clinical outcomes.
TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT0273570
Writing About Reflecting About Teaching: The Circulation of Writing About Writing with Pedagogical Implications
This dissertation focuses on the potential for circulation studies to provide composition studies with a new means of examining the spread of pedagogical approaches to rhetoric and composition and writing studies (RC/WS). In this dissertation, I have used some of Gries\u27s (2013) iconographic tracking methods and Mueller\u27s (2017) network sense alongside more traditional rhetorical analysis to understand the distribution and circulation of the Writing About Writing (WAW) pedagogy. In addition to tracing an approach to teaching writing to see how it evolves over time, including how it was initially received and how the term writing about writing has been used on the social web, this dissertation includes my reflections on a circulation studies unit I taught in my own writing courses and the potential pedagogical implications of incorporating circulation studies into a first-year composition (FYC) course
#younoelit and Simon the Squirrel: Garnering Noel Studio Publicity through the Social Media Committee
As social media activity becomes increasingly important to writing center presence on campus, the Noel Studio for Academic Creativity has formed a Social Media Committee to encourage consultant-generated publicity. Writing centers (WCs) must be willing to meet students where they are, and according to a study conducted by Ilker Yakin and Ilke Evin Gencel, 82.2% of âstudents reported using social media more thanâ 30 minutes âper dayâ (112). The Noel Studio has had a social media presence since its conception but felt as though these media were being underutilized in the publicity of our space and services. The purpose of this study, conducted through the collection of social media analytics, is to evaluate whether the committee-generated posts have encouraged interaction. With this poster, I will illustrate the research and decisions that led to the creation of the Noel Studio\u27s Social Media, Public Relations, and Technology Committee, our committee-created mascot, Simon the Scholarly Studio Squirrel, and our new hashtag campaign, #younoelit. Our initial committee-planned post reached 95% more people than previous posts on Facebook, and the percentage of students reached has continued as such with subsequent committee posting. Our poster will display the productivity of the committee as it seeks to bolster the Noel Studioâs online presence through what Yakin and Gencel cite as two of the most popular social media sitesâFacebook and Twitterâand the potential for expansion to other social media, illustrating the positive effects of a committee on the Noel Studioâs social media presence
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