16 research outputs found
A point scale in the study of excavated osseus remains of the domestic sheep (Ovis ammon f. aries)
On the basis of the standard measurements of 1277 long appendicular bones of the domestic sheep, a universal point scale has been elaborated. The bones examined were obtained from European, Asian and African archaeological sites dating from 4500 BC to 1500 AD. A comparative analysis of the metapodial bones of the domestic sheep from Central Europe (Poland, Germany and Hungary) has been undertaken, using this scale
The morphology of the hypoglossal canal and its size in relation to skull capacity in man and other mammal species
The hypoglossal canal is a permanent element of the human skull. As well as the
hypoglossal nerve, the canal also contains the venous plexus and an arterial
branch leading to the dura mater. It emerged from our earlier studies that the
venous plexus is a dominant component in this canal. In the present work the
morphology and dimensions of the canal were studied on macerated skulls of
humans and animals (rhesus monkey, European bison, fox, dog, cat, hare and
rat). The hypoglossal canal was found in all the human and animal skulls examined.
In both humans and animals the hypoglossal canal was frequently duplicated.
The double canal was found in 43% specimens of human skulls. However,
no triple division of the hypoglossal canal was found in the material under
investigation. It was found that the hypoglossal canal in man, rhesus monkey
and European bison had significant dimensions and in fact correlated with the
size of skull capacity. This suggests that the hypoglossal canal is an essential
venous emissary in man, rhesus monkey and European bison, but that in the
remaining species it is of secondary importance in this respect