Företagande och företagsamhet

Företagande och företagsamhet Innehållsförteckning – Berättelserna: skärgårdslivets salt och socker av Nina Söderlund – En analys av företagandet i skärgården av Mats Nurmio – Kvarkens skärgård är Marias och Joakims passion av Kirsi Tikkanen – Kökarborna visade att det är möjligt – ny butik på fem månader! av Ester Laurell – Frisbeegolf gav blomstrande talkoanda på Kumlinge av Satu Numminen – Finlands sista butiksbåt har kort men intensiv säsong av Thure Malmberg – Oväntat stor potential inom skärgårdens besöksnäring Annastina Sarlin – Skärgårdssmaken finns i de små gårdsbutikerna Pia Prost – InSPIRAtion och konkret hjälp – med studerande som unik resurs av Hanna Guseff – SPIRA inspirerade skärgårdsföretagare av Ulla Mattsson-Wiklén – Ingen dag är den andra lik för skärgårdsföretagaren av Mia Henriksson – Företagarna på Erkasgården gör Jumos egen ost av Pia Prost – En bit av skärgården i varje plagg av Mia Henriksson – Gränsöverskridande samverkan i Tre Skärgårdar av Staffan Ljung – Kronehags donerade sitt livsverk på Björkholm av Pia Prost – Att segla var nödvändigt för Göran Schildt av Kjell Andersson – Ombord på Daphne av Nalle Valtiala – Notiser – Skärinytt – Sista bilde

Fyrar och navigering

Fyrar och navigering Innehållsförteckning – Inledaren: Älska hemester av Pia Prost – Notiser – Navigering på Östersjön – lotsar, sjökort, farleder och fyrar av Pia Prost – Varningseldar i skärgården av Marcus Lepola – Att ta ner solen – ett hantverk med anor av Cecilia Lundberg – Flykt till Sydösterbotten i karta från 1532 av Anders Moliis-Mellberg – Imponerande frivilliginsatser inom Finlands Fyrsällskap av Fred Rosbäck – En vecka som talkoarbetare på Märkets fyr Lena Långbacka – Ett mäktigt sken från Sastmola i söder till Sälgrund i norr av Mia Henriksson – Nattlampan av Siv Skogman – Fiskefyrar restaureras på Åland av Lars Gottberg – Läsarnas fyrar – Besök Finlands fyrar! – Lotsarnas vardag på Rönnskärs lotsstation av Iris Sjöberg – Modern utbildning med långa anor av Cecilia Lundberg – Navigering nu och i framtiden Irina Wahlström & Magnus Hellström – En båtfarares (näst)bästa vän – sjöscouternas hamnbok av Nina Söderlund – Jungfrudanserna – en gåta som fortfarande gäckar oss av Thomas Rosenberg – 100 år av scouting och seglatser med Scoutkåren Pojkarna av Peter Rönnberg Bokhörnan: – Med kärlek till Pörtö skärgård – Fängslande fyrar i praktfull bok – Skärinytt – Sista bilde

Sött och salt

Sött och salt – Innehållsförteckning: – Inledaren: På tröskeln till havets decennium / Cecilia Lundberg – Om vatten på öar / Christian Pleijel – Grundvattnet i skärgården / Egon Nordström – Utö gör sitt eget vatten / Erik Sjöberg – Att mäta vatten – Finlands havsplan skapar förutsättningar för en livskraftig skärgård / Marie Sjölind – Mareld gör havet till stjärnhimmel / Conny Sjöqvist – I Aura å mellan broarna / Tore Lindholm – Kan havtorn bidra till att rädda Skärgårdshavet? / Heikki Kallio – Skärgården i kläm mellan övergödning och klimatförändring / Camilla Gustafsson, Joanna Norkko och Alf Norkko – Landhöjningen – eller historien om vattnet som försvann / Liselott Nyström Forsén – Skärgård och ångare skapade familjeföretag / Thure Malmberg – ”Min ö” är artikelserien för alla nesofiler / Pia Prost – Min ö Björkö / Siv Fagerlund – Hur bobar är din ö? / Christian Pleijel – Skärgårds prenumerantkontakt Anita säger hej då! / Mia Henriksson – Skärinytt – Sista bilde

Fiskaren och fisken

Fiskaren och fisken Innehållsförteckning – Inledaren: Ett försvinnande kulturarv av Pia Prost – Välmående skärgård tack vare strömmingen av Anne Bergström – Vinternotdragningen – sörjd, saknad av Nina Söderlund – Nationella och internationella bestämmelser kring fiske av Kaj Mattsson – 130 år av fiskerirådgivning av Malin Lönnroth – Sista Sibbofiskaren satsar på förädling av Thure Malmberg – Fisket i Skärgårdshavet i konstant förändring av Pekka Salmi, Kristina Svels och Jari Setälä – Ett arbetsliv i fiskenäringens tjänst – Kari Ranta-aho går i pension av Pia Prost – Inhemskt fiskfoder bra för både fiskerinäringen och havet av Pia Prost – Vasa fick sitt Fiskets hus av Guy Svanbäck – Förlorar vi en primärnäring? av Kaj Mattsson – Konkurrens om fisken – människa, säl och skarv av Sture Hansson – Allt hänger på en god fiskeförvaltning av Cecilia Lundberg – Aktuell fiskforskning vid Åbo Akademi av Martin Snickars och Tom Wiklund – Historiska hamnplatser och fiskelägen kartläggs av Tapani Tuovinen och Riikka Tevali – Gråsälen är kustfiskets gissel av Mia Henriksson – Hur uppfattar fiskarna sin omvärld? av Marina Saanila Bokhörnan: – Gäddan, Nordens krokodil av Nalle Valtiala – Ålevangeliet: berättelsen om världens mest gåtfulla fisk av Cecilia Lundberg – Är Åland skärgårdssamhällenas paradis? av John Wrede – Skärgården diskuterade FN:s hållbarhetsmål av Pia Prost – Skärinytt – Sista bilde

Citrullinated histone H3 as a novel prognostic blood marker in patients with advanced cancer

Citrullinated histone H3 (H3Cit) is a central player in the neutrophil release of nuclear chromatin, known as neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). NETs have been shown to elicit harmful effects on the host, and were recently proposed to promote tumor progression and spread. Here we report significant elevations of plasma H3Cit in patients with advanced cancer compared with age-matched healthy individuals. These elevations were specific to cancer patients as no increase was observed in severely ill and hospitalized patients with a higher non-malignant comorbidity. The analysis of neutrophils from cancer patients showed a higher proportion of neutrophils positive for intracellular H3Cit compared to severely ill patients. Moreover, the presence of plasma H3Cit in cancer patients strongly correlated with neutrophil activation markers neutrophil elastase (NE) and myeloperoxidase (MPO), and the inflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 and -8, known to induce NETosis. In addition, we show that high levels of circulating H3Cit strongly predicted poor clinical outcome in our cohort of cancer patients with a 2-fold increased risk for short-term mortality. Our results also corroborate the association of NE, interleukin-6 and -8 with poor clinical outcome. Taken together, our results are the first to unveil H3Cit as a potential diagnostic and prognostic blood marker associated with an exacerbated inflammatory response in patients with advanced cancer

Genome-Wide Association Study in BRCA1 Mutation Carriers Identifies Novel Loci Associated with Breast and Ovarian Cancer Risk

BRCA1-associated breast and ovarian cancer risks can be modified by common genetic variants. To identify further cancer risk-modifying loci, we performed a multi-stage GWAS of 11,705 BRCA1 carriers (of whom 5,920 were diagnosed with breast and 1,839 were diagnosed with ovarian cancer), with a further replication in an additional sample of 2,646 BRCA1 carriers. We identified a novel breast cancer risk modifier locus at 1q32 for BRCA1 carriers (rs2290854, P = 2.7×10-8, HR = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.09-1.20). In addition, we identified two novel ovarian cancer risk modifier loci: 17q21.31 (rs17631303, P = 1.4×10-8, HR = 1.27, 95% CI: 1.17-1.38) and 4q32.3 (rs4691139, P = 3.4×10-8, HR = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.17-1.38). The 4q32.3 locus was not associated with ovarian cancer risk in the general population or BRCA2 carriers, suggesting a BRCA1-specific associat

Female chromosome X mosaicism is age-related and preferentially affects the inactivated X chromosome

To investigate large structural clonal mosaicism of chromosome X, we analysed the SNP microarray intensity data of 38,303 women from cancer genome-wide association studies (20,878 cases and 17,425 controls) and detected 124 mosaic X events >2 Mb in 97 (0.25%) women. Here we show rates for X-chromosome mosaicism are four times higher than mean autosomal rates; X mosaic events more often include the entire chromosome and participants with X events more likely harbour autosomal mosaic events. X mosaicism frequency increases with age (0.11% in 50-year olds; 0.45% in 75-year olds), as reported for Y and autosomes. Methylation array analyses of 33 women with X mosaicism indicate events preferentially involve the inactive X chromosome. Our results provide further evidence that the sex chromosomes undergo mosaic events more frequently than autosomes, which could have implications for understanding the underlying mechanisms of mosaic events and their possible contribution to risk for chronic diseases

Common breast cancer susceptibility alleles are associated with tumor subtypes in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers : results from the Consortium of Investigators of Modifiers of BRCA1/2.

Abstract Introduction Previous studies have demonstrated that common breast cancer susceptibility alleles are differentially associated with breast cancer risk for BRCA1 and/or BRCA2 mutation carriers. It is currently unknown how these alleles are associated with different breast cancer subtypes in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers defined by estrogen (ER) or progesterone receptor (PR) status of the tumour. Methods We used genotype data on up to 11,421 BRCA1 and 7,080 BRCA2 carriers, of whom 4,310 had been affected with breast cancer and had information on either ER or PR status of the tumour, to assess the associations of 12 loci with breast cancer tumour characteristics. Associations were evaluated using a retrospective cohort approach. Results The results suggested stronger associations with ER-positive breast cancer than ER-negative for 11 loci in both BRCA1 and BRCA2 carriers. Among BRCA1 carriers, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs2981582 (FGFR2) exhibited the biggest difference based on ER status (per-allele hazard ratio (HR) for ER-positive = 1.35, 95% CI: 1.17 to 1.56 vs HR = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.85 to 0.98 for ER-negative, P-heterogeneity = 6.5 × 10-6). In contrast, SNP rs2046210 at 6q25.1 near ESR1 was primarily associated with ER-negative breast cancer risk for both BRCA1 and BRCA2 carriers. In BRCA2 carriers, SNPs in FGFR2, TOX3, LSP1, SLC4A7/NEK10, 5p12, 2q35, and 1p11.2 were significantly associated with ER-positive but not ER-negative disease. Similar results were observed when differentiating breast cancer cases by PR status. Conclusions The associations of the 12 SNPs with risk for BRCA1 and BRCA2 carriers differ by ER-positive or ER-negative breast cancer status. The apparent differences in SNP associations between BRCA1 and BRCA2 carriers, and non-carriers, may be explicable by differences in the prevalence of tumour subtypes. As more risk modifying variants are identified, incorporating these associations into breast cancer subtype-specific risk models may improve clinical management for mutation carriers

Female chromosome X mosaicism is age-related and preferentially affects the inactivated X chromosome

To investigate large structural clonal mosaicism of chromosome X, we analysed the SNP microarray intensity data of 38,303 women from cancer genome-wide association studies (20,878 cases and 17,425 controls) and detected 124 mosaic X events42Mb in 97 (0.25%) women. Here we show rates for X-chromosome mosaicism are four times higher than mean autosomal rates; X mosaic events more often include the entire chromosome and participants with X events more likely harbour autosomal mosaic events. X mosaicism frequency increases with age (0.11% in 50-year olds; 0.45% in 75-year olds), as reported for Y and autosomes. Methylation array analyses of 33 women with X mosaicism indicate events preferentially involve the inactive X chromosome. Our results provide further evidence that the sex chromosomes undergo mosaic events more frequently than autosomes, which could have implications for understanding the underlying mechanisms of mosaic events and their possible contribution to risk for chronic diseases

Detectable clonal mosaicism and its relationship to aging and cancer

In an analysis of 31,717 cancer cases and 26,136 cancer-free controls from 13 genome-wide association studies, we observed large chromosomal abnormalities in a subset of clones in DNA obtained from blood or buccal samples. We observed mosaic abnormalities, either aneuploidy or copy-neutral loss of heterozygosity, of >2 Mb in size in autosomes of 517 individuals (0.89%), with abnormal cell proportions of between 7% and 95%. In cancer-free individuals, frequency increased with age, from 0.23% under 50 years to 1.91% between 75 and 79 years (P = 4.8 × 10(-8)). Mosaic abnormalities were more frequent in individuals with solid tumors (0.97% versus 0.74% in cancer-free individuals; odds ratio (OR) = 1.25; P = 0.016), with stronger association with cases who had DNA collected before diagnosis or treatment (OR = 1.45; P = 0.0005). Detectable mosaicism was also more common in individuals for whom DNA was collected at least 1 year before diagnosis with leukemia compared to cancer-free individuals (OR = 35.4; P = 3.8 × 10(-11)). These findings underscore the time-dependent nature of somatic events in the etiology of cancer and potentially other late-onset diseases