Management of sagittal craniosynostosis morphological comparison of 8 surgical techniques

The aim of this study was to carry out a retrospective multicenter study comparing the morphological outcome of 8 techniques used for the management of sagittal synostosis versus a large cohort of control patients. Computed tomography (CT) images were obtained from children CT-scanned for non-craniosynostosis related events (n=241) and SS patients at pre-operative and post-operative follow-up stages (n=101). No significant difference in morphological outcomes was observed between the techniques considered in this study. However, the majority of techniques showed a tendency for relapse. Further, the more invasive procedures at older ages seem to lead to larger intracranial volume compared to less invasive techniques at younger ages. This study can be a first step towards future multicenter studies, comparing surgical results and offering a possibility for objective benchmarking of outcomes between methods and centers

Intentional craniofacial remodelling in Europe in the XIXth century: Quantitative evidence of soft tissue modifications from Toulouse, France

Intentional skull deformations have been practiced by every human population, from the prehistoric times until the XXth century. In Europe, they were specifically prevalent in the region of Toulouse, France. The soft-tissue modifications due to such practices are not well characterized in the literature due to the rarity of photographic data. Most studies on skull deformations are thus based on skeletal remains. Here we performed a controlled geometric morphometric assessment of 31 frontal pictures and 70 lateral pictures of individuals from Toulouse with intentional deformations extracted from two XIXth century historical French photographic archives. We also measured the forces exerted on the skull vault by the traditional deformation device from Toulouse using a 3D-printed skull and pressure sensors. We showed that individuals with Toulouse deformations have distinctive facial features, caused by moderate forces exerted on the skull vault. Our results exhibit and quantify for the first time the real face of intentional skull deformations, which are a ubiquitous and distinctive feature of the human species

Orbital in Juries in Wartime: Historical Study from Paul Tessier's Work in Iran.

International audienceINTRODUCTION: Paul Tessier was a leading French oculoplastic surgeon who took part in several surgical missions in Iran to manage victims of the Iraq-Iran conflict in the late 1980's and early 1990's. METHODS: We collected the records of 322 patients who underwent surgical procedures for the management of wartime injuries by Paul Tessier's team in Iran from 1990 to 1993. We also report one of the most representative cases of orbital reconstruction performed by Tessier. RESULTS: Mean age at the time of trauma was 20.65±7.04 years (range: 2−62). Craniofacial CT-scans were available for 54 patients. The bones of the upper third of the face and the orbital contents were affected in 124/322 patients (38.50%). Soft-tissue lesions of the upper third included 13 frontal lacerations (4.04%), 60 orbital injuries (18.63%) and 95 uni- or bilateral enucleations (29.50%). Thirty-nine uni- or bilateral lid injuries (12.11%) and 8 tear duct injuries (2.48%) were reported. A specific case of orbital reconstruction using antero-internal and posterior iliac bone grafts was reported as a representative example of Tessier's techniques. CONCLUSION: This study highlights the challenges of orbital reconstruction in wartime injuries and provides insights on the work of one of the most renowned surgeons in this field