Deterministic quantum teleportation between distant atomic objects

Quantum teleportation is a key ingredient of quantum networks and a building block for quantum computation. Teleportation between distant material objects using light as the quantum information carrier has been a particularly exciting goal. Here we demonstrate a new element of the quantum teleportation landscape, the deterministic continuous variable (cv) teleportation between distant material objects. The objects are macroscopic atomic ensembles at room temperature. Entanglement required for teleportation is distributed by light propagating from one ensemble to the other. Quantum states encoded in a collective spin state of one ensemble are teleported onto another ensemble using this entanglement and homodyne measurements on light. By implementing process tomography, we demonstrate that the experimental fidelity of the quantum teleportation is higher than that achievable by any classical process. Furthermore, we demonstrate the benefits of deterministic teleportation by teleporting a dynamically changing sequence of spin states from one distant object onto another

Divergence and Shannon information in genomes

Shannon information (SI) and its special case, divergence, are defined for a DNA sequence in terms of probabilities of chemical words in the sequence and are computed for a set of complete genomes highly diverse in length and composition. We find the following: SI (but not divergence) is inversely proportional to sequence length for a random sequence but is length-independent for genomes; the genomic SI is always greater and, for shorter words and longer sequences, hundreds to thousands times greater than the SI in a random sequence whose length and composition match those of the genome; genomic SIs appear to have word-length dependent universal values. The universality is inferred to be an evolution footprint of a universal mode for genome growth.Comment: 4 pages, 3 tables, 2 figure

Approximating the monomer-dimer constants through matrix permanent

The monomer-dimer model is fundamental in statistical mechanics. However, it is #P-complete in computation, even for two dimensional problems. A formulation in matrix permanent for the partition function of the monomer-dimer model is proposed in this paper, by transforming the number of all matchings of a bipartite graph into the number of perfect matchings of an extended bipartite graph, which can be given by a matrix permanent. Sequential importance sampling algorithm is applied to compute the permanents. For two-dimensional lattice with periodic condition, we obtain $0.6627\pm0.0002$, where the exact value is $h_2=0.662798972834$. For three-dimensional lattice with periodic condition, our numerical result is $0.7847\pm0.0014$, {which agrees with the best known bound $0.7653 \leq h_3 \leq 0.7862$.}Comment: 6 pages, 2 figure

Thermodynamic Geometry of black hole in the deformed Horava-Lifshitz gravity

We investigate the thermodynamic geometry and phase transition of Kehagias-Sfetsos black hole in the deformed Horava-Lifshitz gravity with coupling constant $\lambda=1$. The phase transition in black hole thermodynamics is thought to be associated with the divergence of the capacities. And the structures of these divergent points are studied. We also find that the thermodynamic curvature produced by the Ruppeiner metric is positive definite for all $r_+ > r_-$ and is divergence at $\eta_2=0$ corresponded to the divergent points of $C_{\Phi}$ and $C_T$. These results suggest that the microstructure of the black hole has an effective repulsive interaction, which is very similar to the ideal gas of fermions. These may shine some light on the microstructure of the black hole.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure

Rare Decays with a Light CP-Odd Higgs Boson in the NMSSM

We have previously proposed a light pseudoscalar Higgs boson in the next-to-minimal supersymmetric standard model (NMSSM), the A_1^0, as a candidate to explain the HyperCP observations in Sigma^+ -> p mu^+ mu^-. In this paper we calculate the rates for several other rare decay modes that can help confirm or refute this hypothesis. The first modes we evaluate are K_L -> pi pi A_1^0, which are interesting because they are under study by the KTeV Collaboration. We next turn to eta -> pi pi A_1^0, which are interesting because they are independent of the details of the flavor-changing sector of the NMSSM and may be accessible at DAPhNE. For completeness, we also evaluate Omega^- -> Xi^- A_1^0.Comment: 17 pages, 11 figure

General non-Markovian dynamics of open quantum systems

We present a general theory of non-Markovian dynamics for open quantum systems. We explore the non-Markovian dynamics by connecting the exact master equations with the non-equilibirum Green functions. Environmental back-actions are fully taken into account. The non-Markovian dynamics consists of non-exponential decays and dissipationless oscillations. Non-exponential decays are induced by the discontinuity in the imaginary part of the self-energy corrections. Dissipationless oscillations arise from band gaps or the finite band structure of spectral densities. The exact analytic solutions for various non-Markovian environments show that the non-Markovian dynamics can be largely understood from the environmental-modified spectra of the open systems.Comment: 6 pages, 2 figure

Exact diagonalization of the generalized supersymmetric t-J model with boundaries

We study the generalized supersymmetric $t-J$ model with boundaries in three different gradings: FFB, BFF and FBF. Starting from the trigonometric R-matrix, and in the framework of the graded quantum inverse scattering method (QISM), we solve the eigenvalue problems for the supersymmetric $t-J$ model. A detailed calculations are presented to obtain the eigenvalues and Bethe ansatz equations of the supersymmetric $t-J$ model with boundaries in three different backgrounds.Comment: Latex file, 32 page

Inferring Core-Collapse Supernova Physics with Gravitational Waves

Stellar collapse and the subsequent development of a core-collapse supernova explosion emit bursts of gravitational waves (GWs) that might be detected by the advanced generation of laser interferometer gravitational-wave observatories such as Advanced LIGO, Advanced Virgo, and LCGT. GW bursts from core-collapse supernovae encode information on the intricate multi-dimensional dynamics at work at the core of a dying massive star and may provide direct evidence for the yet uncertain mechanism driving supernovae in massive stars. Recent multi-dimensional simulations of core-collapse supernovae exploding via the neutrino, magnetorotational, and acoustic explosion mechanisms have predicted GW signals which have distinct structure in both the time and frequency domains. Motivated by this, we describe a promising method for determining the most likely explosion mechanism underlying a hypothetical GW signal, based on Principal Component Analysis and Bayesian model selection. Using simulated Advanced LIGO noise and assuming a single detector and linear waveform polarization for simplicity, we demonstrate that our method can distinguish magnetorotational explosions throughout the Milky Way (D <~ 10kpc) and explosions driven by the neutrino and acoustic mechanisms to D <~ 2kpc. Furthermore, we show that we can differentiate between models for rotating accretion-induced collapse of massive white dwarfs and models of rotating iron core collapse with high reliability out to several kpc.Comment: 22 pages, 9 figure

Variability of Soft X-ray Spectral Shape in Blazars Observed by ROSAT

In paper 1 (Cheng et al. 2001) we have shown that the soft X-ray spectra of two types of Seyfert 1 galaxies statistically vary differently with increasing intensity. In order to understand how the spectrum of blazars changes, the spectral shape variability of 18 blazars observed by ROSAT/PSPC mode are studied by presenting the correlation of Hardness Ratio 1 versus Count Rates (HR1-CTs). According to our criteria, 10 blazars show a positive HR1-CTs relation, and only 2 blazars display an anti-correlation of HR1 versus CTs. The rest 6 blazars do not indicate any clear correlation. From these we can see that most blazars of our sample statistically show a hardening spectrum during overall flux increase, though some vary randomly. By investigating the photon index of these objects and different radiation theories, we argue that the dominance of the synchrotron or inverse Compton emission in the soft X-ray band may interpret the dichotomy of spectral variability well, and that different spectral variations might represent a sequence of synchrotron peaked frequency.Comment: 11 pages, 3 figures, CJA