Substitution of Time for Stress in Performance of Measure Accent in Piano Music

Very definite time organizations occur within the measure of a given musical selection (3/4 time) apparently for the purpose of measure accent. Successive changes in stress do not account for measure accent nor do they operate with time changes to enhance the accent. Measurements are based upon recordings on the Iowa Piano Camera of the chorale section of Chopin\u27s Nocturne, No. 6 (Opus 15, No. 3)

Reaction Patterns During a Performance Test

On previous experimentation with the Grinnell Eye-hand Coordination Test it was observed that each subject approached the test in a different manner. Could these things be observed during the test performance? If these observations could be made with reasonable accuracy, it would be likely that this technique would give us much needed information regarding the work habits and other personal characteristics of the person taking the test. With this purpose in mind it was decided to make some direct observations of persons taking the Grinnell Eye-hand Co-ordination Test. B. L. Travers (1941) in his article IMPROVING PRACTICAL TESTS, has also expressed the need for a procedure of direct observations which will show personal characteristics of subjects being tested

A Statistical study of Four Mechanical Ability Tests

This study was undertaken to determine the extent to which a series of mechanical ability tests were related, and to observe any sex differences in the test results

The Relative Scholastic Accomplishment of Two Classes of College Freshman

Beginning with the year 1941-42, the freshmen entering Grinnell College found a very different educational program from that of the last few years. The new program included the introduction of the four-course plan. Under this plan all courses meet four times a week and give four hours credit, and nearly all students carry four courses each semester. In addition, each freshman takes an orientation course, which last year carried one hour credit, and this year is compulsory but without credit

A Study in the Use of a Graphic Rating Scale

This study was undertaken for the purpose of determining to what extent an individual\u27s self-rating agrees with the ratings his friends give him. In addition, an attempt was made to summarize the personality of an individual from the rating scale data

Prevention of diseases after menopause

AbstractWomen may expect to spend more than a third of their lives after menopause. Beginning in the sixth decade, many chronic diseases will begin to emerge, which will affect both the quality and quantity of a woman's life. Thus, the onset of menopause heralds an opportunity for prevention strategies to improve the quality of life and enhance longevity. Obesity, metabolic syndrome and diabetes, cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis and osteoarthritis, cognitive decline, dementia and depression, and cancer are the major diseases of concern. Prevention strategies at menopause have to begin with screening and careful assessment for risk factors, which should also include molecular and genetic diagnostics, as these become available. Identification of certain risks will then allow directed therapy. Evidence-based prevention for the diseases noted above include lifestyle management, cessation of smoking, curtailing excessive alcohol consumption, a healthy diet and moderate exercise, as well as mentally stimula..

When are declines in condom use while using PrEP a concern? Modelling insights from a Hillbrow, South Africa case study.

INTRODUCTION: Oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a promising new prevention approach for those most at risk of HIV infection. However, there are concerns that behavioural disinhibition, specifically reductions in condom use, might limit PrEP's protective effect. This study uses the case of female sex workers (FSWs) in Johannesburg, South Africa, to assess whether decreased levels of condom use following the introduction of PrEP may limit HIV risk reduction. METHOD: We developed a static model of HIV risk and compared HIV-risk estimates before and after the introduction of PrEP to determine the maximum tolerated reductions in condom use with regular partners and clients for HIV risk not to change. The model incorporated the effects of increased STI exposure owing to decreased condom use. Noting that condom use with regular partners is generally low, we also estimated the change in condom use tolerated with clients only, to still achieve 50 and 90% risk reduction on PrEP. The model was parameterized using data from Hillbrow, Johannesburg. Sensitivity analyses were performed to ascertain the robustness of our results. RESULTS: Reductions in condom use could be tolerated by FSWs with lower baseline condom use (65%). For scenarios where 75% PrEP effectiveness is attained, 50% HIV-risk reduction on PrEP would be possible even with 100% reduction in condom use from consistent condom use as high as 70% with clients. Increased exposure to STIs through reductions in condom use had limited effect on the reductions in condom use tolerated for HIV risk not to increase on PrEP. CONCLUSIONS: PrEP is likely to be of benefit in reducing HIV risk, even if reductions in condom use do occur. Efforts to promote consistent condom use will be critical for FSWs with high initial levels of condom use, but with challenges in adhering to PrEP