Effect of Recovery on the Recrystallized Grain-Size of High Purity Aluminum

When a cold-worked metal is annealed, it’s physical properties hange as a result of a new grain structure. The annealing treatment is divided into three stages according to the changes that occur in the distorted metal: (1) recovery, (2) recrystallization, and (3) grain growth

Differentiation and fiber type-specific activity of a muscle creatine kinase intronic enhancer

Background: Hundreds of genes, including muscle creatine kinase (MCK), are differentially expressed in fast- and slow-twitch muscle fibers, but the fiber type-specific regulatory mechanisms are not well understood. Results: Modulatory region 1 (MR1) is a 1-kb regulatory region within MCK intron 1 that is highly active in terminally differentiating skeletal myocytes in vitro. A MCK small intronic enhancer (MCK-SIE) containing a paired E-box/myocyte enhancer factor 2 (MEF2) regulatory motif resides within MR1. The SIE's transcriptional activity equals that of the extensively characterized 206-bp MCK 5'-enhancer, but the MCK-SIE is flanked by regions that can repress its activity via the individual and combined effects of about 15 different but highly conserved 9- to 24-bp sequences. ChIP and ChIP-Seq analyses indicate that the SIE and the MCK 5'-enhancer are occupied by MyoD, myogenin and MEF2. Many other E-boxes located within or immediately adjacent to intron 1 are not occupied by MyoD or myogenin. Transgenic analysis of a 6.5-kb MCK genomic fragment containing the 5'-enhancer and proximal promoter plus the 3.2-kb intron 1, with and without MR1, indicates that MR1 is critical for MCK expression in slow- and intermediate-twitch muscle fibers (types I and IIa, respectively), but is not required for expression in fast-twitch muscle fibers (types IIb and IId). Conclusions: In this study, we discovered that MR1 is critical for MCK expression in slow- and intermediate-twitch muscle fibers and that MR1's positive transcriptional activity depends on a paired E-box MEF2 site motif within a SIE. This is the first study to delineate the DNA controls for MCK expression in different skeletal muscle fiber types

Joe Helterline\u27s house

Joe Helterline\u27s, Mary\u27s uncle, house in Horse Plains, now Plains, Montana.https://scholarworks.umt.edu/flynn_photographs_asc/1020/thumbnail.jp

Frances, Johnnie and Elmer with their toys

Frances, Johnnie and Elmer with their toys.https://scholarworks.umt.edu/flynn_photographs_asc/1236/thumbnail.jp

Mary with Frances

Mary and Frances at the Flynn Ranch.https://scholarworks.umt.edu/flynn_photographs_asc/1114/thumbnail.jp

Team of Oxen

Double exposed negative, the most prominent part of the photograph is a team of oxen.https://scholarworks.umt.edu/flynn_photographs_asc/1152/thumbnail.jp

Frances and Johnnie Flynn

Frances and Johnnie Flynn.https://scholarworks.umt.edu/flynn_photographs_asc/1183/thumbnail.jp

Mary Helterline Flynn\u27s house

Mary Helterline Flynn\u27s house with one of her children out front.https://scholarworks.umt.edu/flynn_photographs_asc/1179/thumbnail.jp

Teams in the orchard

Teams of horses attached to their machinary all ready for haying on the ranch.https://scholarworks.umt.edu/flynn_photographs_asc/1136/thumbnail.jp

Kids on a picnic

Kids on a picnic.https://scholarworks.umt.edu/flynn_photographs_asc/1323/thumbnail.jp