Substantiation of technologies and technical means for disposal of mining and metallurgical waste in mines

The object of research is environmental and resource-saving technologies in underground mining of mineral deposits with the laying of the developed space. One of the most problematic places is the delivery of hardening filling mixtures to the place of their installation and the lack of components for their preparation. This increases the importance of managing the state of ore-bearing massifs and the preservation of the earth’s surface. The paper presents the main scientific and practical results of the substantiation of technologies and technical means for the disposal of mining and metallurgical production wastes into underground mined spaces (man-made voids) as components of hardening filling mixtures. Methods of theoretical generalizations are described using mathematical statistics, physical and mathematical modeling, with calculations and feasibility studies, laboratory and field experimental studies, industrial tests in operating enterprises. It is established that the use of vibration, mechanical and electroactivation of the components of the hardening filling mixture in mining enterprises leads to an increase in the activity of substandard materials by up to 10–40 % for each device. In particular, the enrichment of substandard inert materials at the vibrating screen GV-1.2/3.2 (Ukraine) increases the activity by 15–20 %. It is proved that the activation of binders (blast furnace granulated slag) in the DU-65 disintegrator (Disintegrator, Estonia) increases the activity of the binder by 20–25 %, with the output of the active class of fractions of 0.074 mm in size – by 55 % versus 40 % in ball mills. Vibration transport unit are recommended, which increase the activity of the solid components of the hardening filling mixture by 10–15 %, and electrodialysis apparatus for activating mixing water increase its activity by 30–40 %. It is shown that the use of vibration gravity transport systems ensures the filling of the filling mixture at a distance exceeding the height of the vertical stand by 15–20 times. A set of technical means is proposed for activating the components of hardening filling mixtures (binder, inert aggregate and electrochemically purified mine mixing water) during the manufacture and transportation of them to the installation site. This complex was introduced at such mining enterprises as: – State Enterprise «Eastern Mining and Processing Plant» and Balaklava Mining Administration (Ukraine); – Joint-stock company «Tselinnyi Mining and Chemical Combine» (Republic of Kazakhstan); – Public Joint-Stock Company «Priargunsky Industrial Mining and Chemical Association» and Closed Joint-Stock Company «Uralzoloto» (Russian Federation) in other developed mining countries

Substantiation of technologies and technical means for disposal of mining and metallurgical waste in mines

The object of research is environmental and resource-saving technologies in underground mining of mineral deposits with the laying of the developed space. One of the most problematic places is the delivery of hardening filling mixtures to the place of their installation and the lack of components for their preparation. This increases the importance of managing the state of ore-bearing massifs and the preservation of the earth’s surface. The paper presents the main scientific and practical results of the substantiation of technologies and technical means for the disposal of mining and metallurgical production wastes into underground mined spaces (man-made voids) as components of hardening filling mixtures. Methods of theoretical generalizations are described using mathematical statistics, physical and mathematical modeling, with calculations and feasibility studies, laboratory and field experimental studies, industrial tests in operating enterprises. It is established that the use of vibration, mechanical and electroactivation of the components of the hardening filling mixture in mining enterprises leads to an increase in the activity of substandard materials by up to 10–40 % for each device. In particular, the enrichment of substandard inert materials at the vibrating screen GV-1.2/3.2 (Ukraine) increases the activity by 15–20 %. It is proved that the activation of binders (blast furnace granulated slag) in the DU-65 disintegrator (Disintegrator, Estonia) increases the activity of the binder by 20–25 %, with the output of the active class of fractions of 0.074 mm in size – by 55 % versus 40 % in ball mills. Vibration transport unit are recommended, which increase the activity of the solid components of the hardening filling mixture by 10–15 %, and electrodialysis apparatus for activating mixing water increase its activity by 30–40 %. It is shown that the use of vibration gravity transport systems ensures the filling of the filling mixture at a distance exceeding the height of the vertical stand by 15–20 times. A set of technical means is proposed for activating the components of hardening filling mixtures (binder, inert aggregate and electrochemically purified mine mixing water) during the manufacture and transportation of them to the installation site. This complex was introduced at such mining enterprises as: – State Enterprise «Eastern Mining and Processing Plant» and Balaklava Mining Administration (Ukraine); – Joint-stock company «Tselinnyi Mining and Chemical Combine» (Republic of Kazakhstan); – Public Joint-Stock Company «Priargunsky Industrial Mining and Chemical Association» and Closed Joint-Stock Company «Uralzoloto» (Russian Federation) in other developed mining countries

Substantiation of environmental and resource-saving technologies for void filling under underground ore mining

The object of research is the technology and technical means to clear the voids during the underground mining of ores in the disturbed arrays. One of the most problematic places is the filling of man-made voids that affect the occurrence and redistribution of the stress-strain state (SSS) of the rock mass. Their existence in the earth's crust provokes disturbance of the daily surface, as well as the influence of geomechanical and seismic phenomena, up to the level of earthquakes. Analytical researches, comparative analysis of theoretical and practical results by standard and new methods with the participation of the authors are performed. The peculiarities of the manifestation of mountain pressure in the rock massifs of a complex structure are considered, due to the intensity of the fracture structures (acoustic stiffness from 0.11 to 0.18 MPa/s, impact coefficient – 0.98). The conditions of manifestation of residual bearing capacity of disturbed rocks and translation of geomaterials into the volume compression mode were investigated (in the zone of disturbed rocks the attenuation coefficient decreases to 0.04–0.15 from the initial value of 0.25–0.35). The basic estimation of durability of workings and inhomogeneous rocks with a strength of 50–150 MPa at depths up to 600 m is shown, depending on the position of workings with respect to the elements of structural disturbance and the possibility of creating reliable structures. Conclusions have been made about the efficiency of the use of load-bearing structures from rocks of greater than 0.2 m in size and mechanical strength of more than 50 MPa, which allows to expose the roof without collapsing at spans of up to 50 m. the bearing layer of the rocks produced space can be filled by insulation or a hardener with a strength of up to 1.2 MPa. The research results can be used in the underground development of ore deposits of complex structure of Ukraine, the Russian Federation, the Republic of Kazakhstan and other developed mining countries of the world