Colouration in crab spiders: substrate choice and prey attraction

Published version: http://jeb.biologists.org/content/208/10/1785/F3.expansio

The role of UV in crab spider signals: effects on perception by prey and predators

Australian crab spiders Thomisus spectabilis sit on the petals of flowers and ambush prey such as honeybees. White-coloured T. spectabilis reflect in the UV (UV+ spiders) and previous research has shown that their presence, curiously, attracts honeybees to daisies. We applied an UV-absorber (Parsol®) to create UV-absorbing (UV–) spiders that did not reflect any light below 395 nm wavelength. These physical changes of visual signals generated by crab spiders caused honeybees to avoid flowers with UV– spiders on their petals. They also affected the perception of UV– spiders by honeybees and a potential avian predator (blue tits). Compared to UV+ spiders, UV– spiders produced less excitation of the UV-photoreceptors in honeybees and blue tits, which translated into a reduced UV-receptor contrast and a reduced overall colour contrast between UV– spiders and daisy petals. Our results reveal that a clean physical elimination of reflection in the UV range affects perception in predators and prey and ultimately changes the behaviour of prey.7 page(s

Music teacher education in the Nordic countries

Los países nórdicos (Dinamarca, Finlandia, Islandia, Noruega y Suecia) tienen fama de tener una visión moderna de la educación musical y de haber aceptado la música pop en las escuelas. Se esperaría, por tanto, que los programas de formación del profesorado se ajustaran a tales circunstancias, lo que, sin embargo, es cierto sólo en parte. En este artículo se ofrece una visión general de la situación de la formación del profesorado de música en la que se tratarán los planes de estudios en estos cinco países en lo referente a la organización y los contenidos de esta titulación.The Nordic countries (Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden) have a reputation of having a modern view of music education and have accepted popular music in school. Therefore the teacher education programmes in these countries are expected to have adjusted to this precondition. This is however only partly true and in this overview the situation will be examined and the differences between programmes in the five countries when it comes to organisation and content will be mapped out.Grupo de Investigación FORCE (Formación Centrada en la Escuela) Universidad de Granad

Formación del profesorado de música en los países nórdicos

Los países nórdicos (Dinamarca, Finlandia, Islandia, Noruega y Suecia) tienen fama de tener una visión moderna de la educación musical y de haber aceptado la música pop en las escuelas. Se esperaría, por tanto, que los programas de formación del profesorado se ajustaran a talescircunstancias, lo que, sin embargo, es cierto sólo en parte. En este artículo se ofrece una visión general de la situación de la formación del profesorado de música en la que se tratarán los planes de estudios en estos cinco países en lo referente a la organización y los contenidos deesta titulación

Scalable Statistical Methods for Cell Type Deconvolution and Mixed Models Applied to High Dimensional Genomic Data

Utilizing genomic data in the clinical setting provides new opportunities for biomarker discovery, disease characterization, and personalizing treatment, but also poses new statistical challenges. In the first part of the dissertation, we propose a new computational method, IsoDeconvMM, which estimates cell type fractions using isoform-level RNA-seq gene expression data one gene at a time. The cell type composition of a tissue sample may itself be of interest and is needed for proper analysis of differential gene expression of heterogeneous tissues. Although a variety of existing computational methods estimate cell type proportions using gene-level expression data, isoform-level expression could be equally or more informative for determining cell type origin. In genomics datasets as well as many other modern biomedical datasets, the data are increasingly high dimensional and exhibit complex correlation structures. Generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs) have long been employed to account for such dependencies. In the second part of this dissertation, we implement several statistical and computational innovations to improve the speed of a high dimensional penalized GLMM framework for simultaneously selecting fixed and random effects, resulting in the efficient R package glmmPen. Although this framework extends the feasible dimensionality of GLMMs relative to existing methods, new methodology is needed to alleviate computational burden as the dimension increases and allow scalability to hundreds of predictors. We present a novel reformulation of the GLMM using a factor model decomposition of the random effects, enabling scalable computation of GLMMs in higher dimensions by reducing the latent space from a large number of random effects to a smaller set of common factors. We extend our prior work to estimate model parameters and perform simultaneous selection of fixed and random effects using a modified version of the Monte Carlo Expectation Conditional Minimization (MCECM) algorithm. We show that through this factor model decomposition, we can improve the speed and scalability of fitting high dimensional penalized GLMMs. Finally, we extend our framework on performing high dimensional penalized generalized linear mixed models to survival outcome data. We approximate proportional hazards mixed effects models using piecewise constant hazards mixed effects survival models.Doctor of Philosoph

Abgang. Psychologisches Bilderleben - eine wirkungspsychologische Untersuchung zu Vincent van Goghs "Schuhe"

Psychologisch Morphologische Analyse eines Kunstwerke