Female Directors And Firm Characteristics: A USA UK Comparison

Shareholders and other stakeholders are placing an increasing emphasis on corporate governance. The composition of a board is an important aspect of corporate governance. There is some evidence that gender diversity in the boardroom has an impact on the operations of a company. Both U.S. and UK corporations are increasing female representation on their boards. The purpose of this particular study is to compare gender diversity on U.S. and UK boards, and investigate some firm characteristics that may be associated with above or below average female representation

Corporate Governance And Firm Characteristics (The Sarbanes-Oxley Act Of 2002)

With the current attention focused on the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, it is timely to investigate the characteristics of firms that are early in implementing corporate governance policies pursuant to the Act.  Since a relationship between corporate citizenship and financial success has been established in prior research, it is of interest to further probe these associations.  The purpose of this particular study is to examine some characteristics of firms that were early in adopting corporate governance policies in response to the Act

Substantial Justification Further Defined by Phillips

The Tax Court in Phillips (referred to as Phillips II) has set helpful guidelines for making a determination of when the IRS has taken a position which is not substantially justified. This is one of the tests that must be satisfied before a court of proper jurisdiction can grant a motion for litigation costs pursuant to Section 7430. Phillips I also addresses the issue of settlement attempts, and whether they are needed to exhaust administrative remedies, which is a further requirement for Section 7430 treatment. The following discussion describes the legislative purpose of Section 7430 and its effectiveness in promoting fee-shifting. Attention will be focused upon Phillips and other cases in analyzing the tests of Section 7430