高血压合并主动脉夹层患者高血压特征及院前降压治疗

Objective: To summarize hypertension characteristics and pre hospital antihypertensive therapy in patients with hypertension and aortic dissection, to explore the measures of prevention and control. Methods:  683 patients with hypertension complicated with aortic dissection patients (AD group), 8974 patients with hypertension (hypertension group), during the five years from October 2009 to October 2014, were analyzed retrospectively according to the hospital medical records data combined with outpatient clinical data.Retrospective analysis of hypertension characteristics and pre hospital antihypertensive therapy from the two groups of patients when first diagnosed was conducted. Results: The two groups ratio of diabetes, coronary heart disease, hyperlipidemia, renal insufficiency, have no statistical difference. Most patients in AD group have over 10 years’ history of hypertension (P <0.05).The incidence of aortic dissection in men of AD group is higher than the hypertensive group（P <0.05）. The ratio of 40～60 years in AD group is more than that in hypertensive group (P <0.05). The ratio of stage 3 hypertension in AD group is more than that in hypertension group (P < 0.05).The ratio of no antihypertensive treatment in patients in the AD group is more than that in hypertension group (P < 0.05).The average age of onset in AD group was lower than that in hypertension group (P<0.05). The ratio of patients in the AD group treated with ARB or ACEI antihypertensive was lower than that in hypertension group (P<0.05). Conclusion:  Hypertension complicated with aortic dissection is mostly accompanied by more than 10 years’ history of hypertension in most male patients of 40～60 age group, with grade 3 hypertension. Most did not receive antihypertensive treatment, the average age of onset is low, using ARB or ACEI for the treatment of patients is less.目的： 总结高血压合并主动脉夹层（aortic dissection,AD）患者入院时高血压特征及院前降压治疗，探讨防治措施。方法：根据住院病历资料结合门诊高血压微机管理病例资料分析2009年10月至２014年10月5年期间存活的683例高血压合并主动脉夹层患者（AD组），高血压病患者8974例（高血压组），对二组患者首诊时的高血压特征及院前降压治疗情况进行回顾性分析。结果：两组糖尿病、冠心病、高脂血症、肾功能不全比例无统计学差异。AD组多有10年以上的高血压病史（Ｐ＜0.0５）。AD组男性主动脉夹层发生率多于高血压组（Ｐ＜0.0５）。AD组40-60岁比例多于高血压组（Ｐ＜0.0５）。AD组高血压3级多于高血压组（Ｐ＜0.0５）。AD组未降压治疗者比例多于高血压组（Ｐ＜0.0５）。AD组发病平均年龄低于高血压病组（Ｐ＜0.0５）。AD组采用ARB或ACEI降压治疗者少于高血压组（Ｐ＜0.0５）。结论：高血压合并主动脉夹层多有10年以上高血压病史，男性患者多，在40-60岁年龄段多，3级高血压多，未接受降压治疗者多，发病平均年龄低，采用ARB或ACEI治疗者少

Dynamic response and dangerous point stress analysis of gear transmission system

Gear transmission is the principal power transmission mode of many machine, the reliability of transmission system has important influence on the accomplishment of daily task. This paper made a gear transmission system as the research object, we build the two-stage gear transmission system model and calculate its dynamic response in theory. Then, we study the mesh stiffness of gear concerning the variation of the mesh position from the gear transmission system. On the basis of these work, we establish the gear system’s finite element simulation model considering the tooth contact of internal gear system. After the simulation, we had get the contact response and the time history of some important area’s equivalent stress. Through these work, we can study the contact stress of the two-stage gear system in theory method and finite element simulation method, which has a guiding significance on the optimum structural design of two-stage transmission gear system

Peripheral Leukocytapheresis Attenuates Acute Lung Injury Induced by Lipopolysaccharide In Vivo

The mortality of acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS) remains high and efforts for prevention and treatments have shown little improvement over the past decades. The present study investigated the efficacy and mechanism of leukocytapheresis (LCAP) to partially eliminate peripheral neutrophils and attenuate lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced lung injury in dogs. A total of 24 healthy male mongrel dogs were enrolled and randomly divided into LPS, LCAP and LCAP-sham groups. All animals were injected with LPS to induce endotoxemia. The serum levels of leucocytes, neutrophil elastase, arterial blood gas, nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) subunit p65 in lung tissues were measured. The histopathology and parenchyma apoptosis of lung tissues were examined. We found that 7, 3, and 7 animals in the LPS, LCAP, and sham-LCAP groups, respectively, developed ALI 36 h after LPS infusion. The levels of NF-κB p65 in lung tissue, neutrophils and elastase in blood, decreased significantly following LCAP. LCAP also alleviated apoptosis, and NF-κB p65 in lung tissues. Collectively, our results show that partial removal of leucocytes from peripheral blood decreases elastase level in serum. This, in turn, attenuates lung injuries and may potentially decrease the incidence of ALI

The effect of early and intensive statin therapy on ventricular premature beat or non-sustained ventricular tachycardia in patients with acute coronary syndrome

Background: Our study&#8217;s aim was to evaluate the prognostic value of early and intensive lipid-lowering treatment on ventricular premature beat or non-sustained ventricular tachycardia (NSVT) after acute coronary syndrome (STEMI, non-STEMI, and unstable angina pectoris). Methods: Some 586 patients with acute coronary syndrome were randomly divided into two groups: Group A (with conventional statin therapy, to receive 10 mg/day atorvastatin, n = 289) and Group B (given early and intensive statin therapy, 60 mg immediately and 40 mg/day atorvastatin, n = 297). The frequency of ventricular premature beat and NSVT was recorded via Holter monitoring after hospitalization (24 h and 72 h). Results: Seventy seven (11.8%) patients had NSVT. When compared to patients with no documented NSVT, patients with NSVT were older and more frequently had myocardial infarction in their history, diabetes mellitus, atrial fibrillation and an ejection fraction < 40%. Ventricular premature beats decreased significantly in the early and aggressive treatment group (24 h, p < 0.01; 72 h, p < 0.001). A significant reduction in NSVT was seen in the early and aggressive treatment group (24 h, p < 0.01; 72 h, p < 0.001). There were no side effects observed in either group. Conclusions: Early and intensive lipid-lowering treatment can clearly decrease ventricular premature beats and NSVT. (Cardiol J 2010; 17, 4: 381-385

Anti-tumor activity of N-trimethyl chitosan-encapsulated camptothecin in a mouse melanoma model

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Camptothecin (CPT) has recently attracted increasing attention as a promising anticancer agent for a variety of tumors. But the clinical application is largely hampered by its extreme water insolubility and unpredictable side effect. It is essential to establish an efficient and safe protocol for the administration of CPT versus melanoma.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Camptothecin was encapsulated with N-trimethyl chitosan (CPT-TMC) through microprecipitation and sonication. Its inhibition effect on B16-F10 cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis was evaluated by MTT assay and flow cytometric analysis in vitro. The anti-tumor activity of CPT-TMC was evaluated in C57BL/6 mice bearing B16-F10 melanoma. Tumor volume, tumor weight and survival time were recorded. Assessment of apoptotic cells within tumor tissue was performed by TUNEL assay. Antiangiogenesis and antiproliferation effects of CPT-TMC in vivo were conducted via CD31 and PCNA immunohistochemistry, respectively.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>CPT-TMC efficiently inhibited B16-F10 cells proliferation and increased apoptosis in vitro. Experiment group showed significant inhibition compared with free CPT-treated group (81.3% vs. 56.9%) in the growth of B16-F10 melanoma xenografts and prolonged the survival time of the treated mice (P < 0.05). Decreased cell proliferation, increased tumor apoptosis as well as a reduction in angiogenesis were observed.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Our data suggest that N-trimethyl chitosan-encapsulated camptothecin is superior to free CPT by overcoming its insolubility and finally raises the potential of its application in melanoma therapy.</p

Study on the spatial distribution pattern of Cx40 gap junctions in the atria of patients with coronary heart disease

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between atrial fibrillation and atrial dilation and the spatial distribution pattern of connexin 40 in the atria of patients with coronary heart disease. Methods: Twenty-six patients with coronary heart disease undergoing cardiac surgery for coronary artery bypass graft were investigated and were divided into three groups according to the left atrial size and rhythm, atrial fibrillation and left atrial dilatation (AF+AD), sinus rhythm and left atrial dilation (SR+AD) and sinus rhythm as control group SR. The spatial distribution patterns of Cx40 were evaluated using confocal laser scanning microscopy assay. Results: No significant differences were observed in the size and density of Cx40 gap junction in the right atrium among all three groups (p > 0.05). Compared with the control group, the size of Cx40 disk area in termination links and in lateral abutment in left atrium was markedly larger in AF+AD group and SR+AD group than those of the controls (p < 0.01). A comparison of size and density of Cx40 gap junction in the left atrium in the AF+AD group and SR+AD group did not show significant differences. Conclusions: The present study has shown altered gap junction distribution in coronary heart disease resulting from atrial dilation and atrial fibrillation. A decrease in the size and density of Cx40 gap junction was observed in patients with atrial dilation, which could be an important factor in the initiation and maintenance of atrial fibrillation. (Cardiol J 2008; 15: 50-56

Associations between impulsivity, aggression, and suicide in Chinese college students

BACKGROUND: Although there are accumulating data regarding the epidemiology of suicide in China, there are meager data on suicidal ideation and attempts among college students. Interestingly, elevated impulsivity is thought to facilitate the transition from suicidal thoughts to suicidal behavior. Therefore, the objective of this research was to identify the associations between suicide and the personality factors of impulsivity and aggression. METHODS: This study’s sampling method employed stratified random cluster sampling. A multi-stage stratified sampling procedure was used to select participants (n = 5,245). We conducted structured interviews regarding a range of socio-demographic characteristics and suicidal morbidity. The Patient Health Questionnaire depression module (PHQ-9) was used to acquire the information about thoughts of being better off dead or hurting themselves in some ways during the past two weeks. The impulsivity symptoms in this study were assessed with the BIS-11-CH (i.e., the Chinese version of the BIS-11), and the Aggressive symptoms were assessed with the BAQ. The statistical package for social science (SPSS) v.13.0 program (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) was used for statistical analysis. Socio-demographic variables such as ethnic and gender were compared between groups, through the use of χ(2) tests. The nonparametric test (k Independent Sample test, Kruskal-Wallis H) was performed to determine differences between the personality factors of impulsivity and aggression and suicide. RESULTS: In total, 9.1% (n = 479) of the 5,245 students reported they have ever thought about committing suicide; and 1% (n = 51) reported a history of attempted suicide (attempters). The analyses detected significant differences in scores on cognitive impulsivity (p < 0.01), when comparing individuals who only had suicidal ideation and individuals who had attempted suicide. Moreover, significant differences were found between ideators only and attempters on scores of self-oriented attack (p < .001). CONCLUSIONS: Suicidal ideation is prevalent among Chinese university students. Students with high aggression scores were more susceptible to committing suicide. Scores on self-oriented attack and cognitive impulsivity may be important factors for differentially predicting suicide ideation and suicide attempts

Wpływ wczesnego i intensywnego leczenia statyną na występowanie dodatkowych pobudzeń komorowych oraz nietrwałego częstoskurczu komorowego u pacjentów z ostrym zespołem wieńcowym

Wstęp: Celem badania była ocena prognostycznego znaczenia wczesnego i intensywnego leczenia hipolipemizującego w odniesieniu do występowania dodatkowych pobudzeń komorowych oraz nietrwałego częstoskurczu komorowego (nsVT) po ostrym zespole wieńcowym (STEMI, non-STEMI i dławica piersiowa niestabilna). Metody: 586 pacjentów z ostrym zespołem wieńcowym podzielono losowo na dwie grupy: grupę (konwencjonalne leczenie statyną, podawano atorwastatynę w dawce 10 mg/dobę, n = 289) i grupę B (stosowano wczesne i intensywne leczenie statyną, podawano od razu 60 mg atorwastatyny, następnie 40 mg/dobę, n = 297). Częstość występowania dodatkowych pobudzeń komorowych i nsVT monitorowano metodą Holtera po hospitalizacji (24 godziny i 72 godziny). Wyniki: U 77 pacjentów (11,8%) wystąpiło nsVT. W porównywaniu z osobami, u których nie zarejestrowano nsVT, chorzy z nsVT byli starsi, częściej stwierdzano u nich w wywiadzie przebyty zawał serca, cukrzycę, migotanie przedsionków oraz frakcję wyrzutową mniejszą niż 40%. W grupie poddanej wczesnemu i intensywnemu leczeniu stwierdzono znamienne zmniejszenie liczby dodatkowych pobudzeń komorowych (24 godziny, p < 0,01; 72 godziny, p < 0,001). W tej samej grupie obserwowano także znamienną redukcję występowania nsVT (24 godziny, p < 0,01; 72 godziny, p < 0,001). W żadnej z grup nie zarejestrowano działań ubocznych. Wnioski: Wczesne i intensywne leczenie hipolipemizujące może wpływać na wyraźne zmniejszenie występowania dodatkowych pobudzeń komorowych i nsVT. (Folia Cardiologica Excerpta 2010; 5, 6: 333&#8211;338

Integration of Brassinosteroid Signal Transduction with the Transcription Network for Plant Growth Regulation in Arabidopsis

SummaryBrassinosteroids (BRs) regulate a wide range of developmental and physiological processes in plants through a receptor-kinase signaling pathway that controls the BZR transcription factors. Here, we use transcript profiling and chromatin-immunoprecipitation microarray (ChIP-chip) experiments to identify 953 BR-regulated BZR1 target (BRBT) genes. Functional studies of selected BRBTs further demonstrate roles in BR promotion of cell elongation. The BRBT genes reveal numerous molecular links between the BR-signaling pathway and downstream components involved in developmental and physiological processes. Furthermore, the results reveal extensive crosstalk between BR and other hormonal and light-signaling pathways at multiple levels. For example, BZR1 not only controls the expression of many signaling components of other hormonal and light pathways but also coregulates common target genes with light-signaling transcription factors. Our results provide a genomic map of steroid hormone actions in plants that reveals a regulatory network that integrates hormonal and light-signaling pathways for plant growth regulation