Predicting the Lifetime of Superlubricity

The concept of superlubricity has recently called upon notable interest after the demonstration of ultralow friction between atomistically smooth surfaces in layered materials. However, the energy dissipation process conditioning the sustainability of superlubric state has not yet been well understood. In this work, we address this issue by performing dynamic simulations based both on full-atom and reduced Frenkel-Kontorova models. We find that the center-of-mass momentum autocorrelation of a sliding object can be used as an indicator of the state of superlubricity. Beyond a critical value of it, the sliding motion experiences catastrophic breakdown with a dramatically high rate of energy dissipation, caused by the inter-vibrational-mode coupling. By tracking this warning signal, one can extract heat from modes other than the translation to avoid the catastrophe and extend the lifetime of superlubricity. This concept is demonstrated in double-walled carbon nanotubes based nanomechanical devices with indicator-based feedback design implemented

Finite deformations of Ogden's materials under impact loading

International audienceThe present paper is devoted to the modeling of finite deformations of a hyperelastic body described by Ogden's model under contact/impact conditions. Frictional contact problems are solved by means of the bi-potential method. The first order algorithm is applied to integrate the equation of motion. The total Lagrangian formulation is adopted to describe the geometrically non-linear behavior. For the finite element implementation, the explicit expression of the tangent operator is derived including the case of repeated eigenvalues. A numerical example is given to illustrate efficiency and accuracy of the method

Effect of additives on microstructure of coal-based graphite

The Taixi anthracite was used as the raw materials, and mixed with different masses of additives, namely silicon oxide, titanium oxide, and iron oxide, to prepare the coal-based graphite by high temperature graphitization. The microstructure of coal-based graphite was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), laser confocal Raman spectroscopy (Raman) and Specific surface area and porosity analyzer.The results show that the graphitization degree of the coal-based graphite can reach over 89% after high temperature heat treatment at 2800 °C , which significantly improves the microcrystalline structure of anthracite and achieves orderly rearrangement of sp2 hybrid carbon atoms in the coal. Under the same additive mixing level, the graphitization degree and stacking height of coal-based graphite with titanium dioxide as additive are relatively high, the difference between the layer spacing and the ideal graphite layer spacing is the smallest, and the degree of ordering of carbon materials is the highest. The Raman spectroscopy results showed that the order degree of coal -based graphite prepared under different additives was significantly different, and the order degree of TXSC3, TXTC2 and TXIC3 coal-based graphite was the highest among the additives. Under the electron microscope, it is found that under the conditions of three additives, the scales, spherical and two shapes of coal-based graphite can be prepared separately. It can be seen from the specific surface area and pore size distribution data of coal-based graphite that they have similar low-temperature nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms

Prediction of Cone Crusher Performance Considering Liner Wear

Cone crushers are used in the aggregates and mining industries to crush rock material. The pressure on cone crusher liners is the key factor that influences the hydraulic pressure, power draw and liner wear. In order to dynamically analyze and calculate cone crusher performance along with liner wear, a series of experiments are performed to obtain the crushed rock material samples from a crushing plant at different time intervals. In this study, piston die tests are carried out and a model relating compression coefficient, compression ratio and particle size distribution to a corresponding pressure is presented. On this basis, a new wear prediction model is proposed combining the empirical model for predicting liner wear with time parameter. A simple and practical model, based on the wear model and interparticle breakage, is presented for calculating compression ratio of each crushing zone along with liner wear. Furthermore, the size distribution of the product is calculated based on existing size reduction process model. A method of analysis of product size distribution and shape in the crushing process considering liner wear is proposed. Finally, the validity of the wear model is verified via testing. The result shows that there is a significant improvement of the prediction of cone crusher performance considering liner wear as compared to the previous model

Multiscale Modelling of Size Effects in Thin Polymer Films and Characterization by Molecular Dynamics

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Exact results for the homogenization of elastic fiber-reinforced solids at finite strain

International audienceThis work is concerned with the homogenization of solids reinforced by aligned parallel continuous fibers or weakened by aligned parallel cylindrical pores and undergoing large deformations. By alternatively exploiting the nominal and material formulations of the corresponding homogenization problem and by applying the implicit function theorem, it is shown that locally homogeneous deformations can be produced in such inhomogeneous materials and form a differentiable manifold. For every macroscopic strain associated to a locally homogeneous deformation field, the effective nominal or material stress-strain relation is exactly determined and connections are also exactly established between the effective nominal and material elastic tangent moduli. These results are microstructure-independent in the sense that they hold irrespectively of the transverse geometry and distribution of the fibers or pores. A porous medium consisting of a compressible Mooney-Rivlin material with cylindrical pores is studied in detail to illustrate the general results

Influence of the in-plan distribution of asperities on the normal contact of periodically rough surfaces

International audienceThe present work aims to analyze the influence of the in-plan distribution of asperities on the contact between periodically rough surfaces. Square pattern and hexagonal pattern rigid surfaces are considered. Their contact with an elastic half-space is analyzed by numerical simulations. Three surfaces are generated with identical asperities periodically distributed in a plan according to different patterns. It follows from numerical results that when the load and the real contact area are small, the asperities act almost independently. However, the interaction between close asperities increases with the load becomes intensified and has a significant effect on the contact area when the situation is close to full contact

Robust numerical analysis of homogeneous and non-homogeneous deformations

International audienceThe present paper is devoted to the modeling of finite deformations of hyperelastic bodies described by Ogden's model. For the finite element implementation, the explicit expressions of the tangent operator and the stress tensor are derived. If the eigenvalues of the right Cauchy-Green strain tensor are distinct, a simple and compact tensor formula, well adapted for numerical implementation, is proposed. A limiting technique is used to take into account the special case of coalescent eigenvalues in which non-differentiability occurs. Three test examples, including homogeneous and non-homogeneous deformations, are proposed to illustrate the developed formulation