One hundred years of benzotropone chemistry

This review focuses on the chemistry of benzo-annulated tropones and tropolones reported since the beginning of the 20th century, which are currently used as tools by the synthetic and biological communities

A Review on Thin-Layer Drying-Curve Equations

KILIC, Aydin/0000-0002-8952-9909WOS: 000335119500002This paper presents a comprehensive review of thin-layer drying-curve models available in the literature and their comparisons for single-layer drying applications from 2003 to 2013. in this regard, a total of 67 models are selected and classified under 28 performance assessment criteria for comparison purposes. These models are then evaluated by considering the following parameters: (1) product type; (2) pretreatment type; (3) drying parameters, such as temperature, air velocity, layer thickness, microwave power levels, amount of solar radiation, vacum pressure, frequency of sound wave, excitation amplitude, relative humidity, bed depth, product shape, pH, salt content, absolute pressure, etc.; and (4) drying method employed. Furthermore, the best models obtained are employed for product drying applications and compared for different drying methods, drying parameters, and dried products.Recep Tayyip Erdogan University in TurkeyRecep Tayyip Erdogan University; University of Ontario in CanadaThe authors acknowledge the support provided by Recep Tayyip Erdogan University in Turkey and University of Ontario in Canada

Esthetic outcomes after immediate and late implant loading for a single missing tooth in the anterior maxilla.

Objective: This study compared the esthetic outcomes of 1‑year follow‑up of immediate and late implant loading after implant restoration of a single tooth in the anterior maxilla.Materials and Methods: A total of 33 patients with missing teeth in the anterior maxilla (Central = 8/lateral = 22/canine = 3) were enrolled in this study (18 immediate loading and 15 late loading). At after cementation, 1, 3, 6, and 12 months photographs were taken of anterior maxilla. The photographs were assessed using pink esthetic score (PES) which consists of seven variables. All PES data were analyzed with independent sample t‑tests and repeated measures ANOVAs.Results: PES values increased significantly in both groups at the 1‑year follow‑up (P > 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the immediate and late loading groups at any time point (P > 0.05).Conclusions: Within the limitation of this study, immediate loading did not have a negative effect on esthetics.Keywords: Esthetic success, loading protocols, pink esthetic scor

Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor of the Parotid Gland

An inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor, previously known as an inflammatory pseudotumor, is an uncommon neoplasm. This tumor, which has characteristic morphologic and immunohistochemical features, is mostly seen in the lung. We present a rare case of an inflammatory myofibroblastic pseudotumor of the parotid gland. A 45-year-old woman presented with a 4-month history of a swelling in her right parotid region. A partial parotidectomy with preservation of the facial nerve branches was performed. The incidence of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor in the parotid gland is low, and local resection is currently the best treatment. A prolonged postoperative follow-up period is necessary for patients with inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor. Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the parotid gland is discussed with a brief literature review

Access to C5-Alkylated Indolines/Indoles via Michael-Type Friedel–Crafts Alkylation Using Aryl-Nitroolefins

A straightforward synthetic route toward C5-alkylated indolines/indoles has been developed. The strategy is composed of Zn­(OTf)₂-catalyzed Friedel–Crafts alkylation of <i>N</i>-benzylindolines with nitroolefins, and a series of diverse indolines was first obtained in up to 99% yield. This reaction provides a direct and practical route to a variety of the C5-alkylated indolines which were also utilized for accessing corresponding indoles. Indoline derivatives with free NH groups could be obtained through an <i>N</i>-deprotection reaction. Moreover, the primary alkyl nitro groups in both indolines and indoles are amenable to further synthetic elaborations, thereby broadening the diversity of the products

Monodisperse Ni@Pd Core@Shell Nanoparticles Assembled on Reduced Graphene Oxide as a Highly Efficient and Reusable Heterogeneous Catalyst for the C–H Bond Arylation of Imidazo[1,2‑<i>a</i>]pyridine with Aryl Halides

We report herein, for the first time, the direct C–H bond arylation of imidazo­[1,2-<i>a</i>]­pyridine with aryl halides using monodisperse Ni@Pd core@shell nanoparticles assembled on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) as a highly efficient and reusable heterogeneous catalyst. Monodisperse Ni@Pd core@shell nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized by using one-pot successive reduction of metal precursors in the presence of oleylamine and trioctyl phosphine and then assembled on rGO via a liquid-phase self-assembly method to yield rGO-Ni@Pd nanocatalyst. The structures of the colloidal Ni@Pd core@shell NPs and rGO-Ni@Pd nanocatalyst were characterized by TEM, high-resolution TEM (HR-TEM), STEM-EDS, XPS, and ICP-MS. Next, rGO-Ni@Pd nanocatalysts as well as rGO-Ni and rGO-Pd counterparts were first tested in the direct C–H bond arylation of imidazo­[1,2-<i>a</i>]­pyridine with bromobenzene under tunable reaction conditions to find the optimum reaction conditions. Under the optimum reaction conditions, the substrate scope of rGO-Ni@Pd-catalyzed direct C–H arylation of imidazo­[1,2-<i>a</i>]­pyridine was examined by performing the catalytic reactions with a variety of aryl halides. These studies showed for the first time that rGO-Ni@Pd nanocatalysts are highly efficient and reusable catalysts in the direct C–H bond arylation reactions and have a high potential to be applied in other C–H activation reactions