184 research outputs found
P4‐426: Waist Circumference And Domain‐Specific Cognitive Function Among The Non‐Demented Japanese Elderly: Results From The Takashima Study
Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/152729/1/alzjjalz2019064098.pd
Impairments in Activities of Daily Living in Older Japanese Men in Hawaii and Japan
Introduction. Hypertension and cigarette smoking are dominant risk factors for cardiovascular disease in Japan while in westernized countries, broader effects encompass obesity, diabetes, and hypercholesterolemia. This paper examines whether different associations also appear important in the manifestation of activities of daily living (ADL) in older Japanese men in Hawaii and Japan. Methods. Measures of ADL (feeding, toileting, dressing, bathing, and walking around the house) were assessed from 1995 to 1999 in 1,893 men in Hawaii and 543 men in Japan. Concomitant risk factors were measured from 1990 to 1993. Results. In Hawaii, diabetes increased the odds of ≥1 ADL impairment nearly 1.5-fold (P = .020). A similar association was absent in Japan. In contrast, the odds of an ADL impairment in Japan was increased more than 5-fold in the presence of stroke (P < .001). The association in Hawaii was significantly weaker (P = .007). In both cohorts, past alcohol use was associated with a greater likelihood of ADL impairment. Conclusion. In this comparison of genetically similar samples, findings suggest that different strengths in risk factor associations with cardiovascular disease in Japan and westernized countries may also include different strengths in associations with impaired ADL
Neutrino self-interaction and MSW effects on the supernova neutrino-process
We calculate the abundances of Li, B, Nb, Tc,
La, and Ta produced by neutrino induced reactions in a
core-collapse supernova explosion. We consider the modification by
self-interaction (-SI) near the neutrinosphere and the
Mikheyev-Smirnov-Wolfenstein effect in outer layers for time-dependent neutrino
energy spectra. Abundances of Li and heavy isotopes Nb, Tc
and La are reduced by a factor of 1.5-2.0 by the -SI. In contrast,
B is relatively insensitive to the -SI. We find that the abundance
ratio of heavy to light nucleus, La/B, is sensitive to the
neutrino mass hierarchy, and the normal mass hierarchy is more likely to be
consistent with the solar abundances
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