WHY BLAME CHOLESTEROL?

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/23336/1/0000276.pd

Relationship of glucose to prevalence of ECG abnormalities at baseline and to 6-yr mortality in Scottish males aged 45-64 yr

A community study of more than 3000 persons screened in the Burgh of Renfrew, Scotland, included 1134 men age 45-64 whose baseline casual glucose level was measured in 1972 and who were followed for 6 yr to determine mortality rate. A positive association was found, in univariate analysis, between baseline glucose level and prevalence of ECG abnormalities as defined both by the London Whitehall Study and the U.S. Pooling Project Study. In multivariate analyses of these cross-sectional data, an association was seen for Whitehall but not Pooling Project abnormalities. No association was found between asymptomatic hyperglycemia and coronary mortality at 6 yr, either in univariate, bivariate or multivariate analyses. The clinically-observed excess in coronary mortality among those with symptomatic diabetes mellitus was not in evidence among those with asymptomatic hyperglycemia in this group of middle-aged men.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/23750/1/0000723.pd

DOES "CENTRAL" OBESITY PREDICT CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE?

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/26676/1/0000220.pd

PROPORTION OF NEWLY OBESE AND CHRONIC OBESE AT DIFFERENT AGES

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/27877/1/0000291.pd

The charges for ESRD treatment of diabetics

To evaluate the differential charges for treating end-stage renal disease (ESRD) associated with diabetes mellitus, Medicare billing data are analyzed. The charges of 244 patients in the Michigan Kidney Registry identified as having (ESRD) from diabetes are compared with charges of 902 nondiabetic patients. Average annual charges for ESRD treatment for diabetics are $29,671 (+/-27,662) which are$4695 (+/-1344) higher than charges for nondiabetics. The majority of the difference (84.3%) is attributable to higher inpatient hospital charges. Most of the remainder (14.5%) is attributable to higher physician and medical supply charges. Charges for treatment of diabetics are higher on all modalities of treatment, but differences are not significant among modalities.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/28133/1/0000584.pd

Some thoughts on early detection and intervention in diabetes mellitus

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/25020/1/0000447.pd

Cohort follow-up using computer linkage with routinely collected data

The validation of a computerised record linkage system for matching members of a defined cohort with routinely collected national data sources is reported for the first time. The two national sources relate to mortality and inpatient data and provide contrasting characteristics in their method of collection. The linkage system produces a group of possible matches based on identifying information restricted to surname, initials, sex and date of birth which, with a clerically assisted scrutiny, gives levels of sensitivity of 66% for the mortality and 81% for the inpatient data. Specificity can be increased to 100% if conventional follow-up methods are used for the limited set of matches classified as probable by the clerical scrutiny.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/24544/1/0000824.pd

Characteristics of individuals and long term reproducibility of dietary reports: The Tecumseh diet methodology study

Food frequency reports in 1967-1969 were compared to frequency reports of the same foods asked retrospectively in 1982-1983 about 1967-1969 for 1184 respondents aged 45-64 years in the Tecumseh Community Health Study. The kappa statistic for concordance of the retrospective and baseline reports was used as a summary measure of the individual's ability to reproduce his or her earlier diet report. Reproducibility was estimated for total diet, represented by 83 foods, and for 9 subsets of foods of epidemiologic interest. In bivariate and multivariate analyses, reproducibility was strongly related to stability of diet; those whose diets changed least over the 15-year period had greatest diet reproducibility. Greater total diet reproducibility was also found among men with higher education, among women of < 110% desirable weight reporting no special diet and among women reporting no medications. Consistent with current models of memory, the retrospective report of diet was strongly related to the current report of diet. Agreement between the retrospective and baseline diet reports was greater than agreement between the current and baseline diet reports. This indicates that, as a proxy for past diet, the retrospective report of diet is superior to the current report. Similar relationships were found for the 9 subset of foods.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/28941/1/0000778.pd

Relation between coronary risk and coronary mortality in women of the Renfrew and Paisley survey: comparison with men

Most epidemiological and intervention studies in patients with coronary artery disease have focused on men, the assumption being that such data can be extrapolated to women. However, there is little evidence to support this belief. We have completed a fifteen-year follow-up of 15 399 adults, including 8262 women, who lived in Renfrew and Paisley and were aged 45-64 years when screened between 1972 and 1976. We identified 490 deaths from coronary heart disease (CHD) in women and 878 in men. Women were more likely to have high cholesterol, to be obese, and to come from lower social classes than men, but they smoked less and had similar blood pressures. The relative risk--top to bottom quintile (95% Cl)--of cholesterol for coronary death after adjustment for all other risk markers was slightly greater in women (1[middle dot]77 [1[middle dot]45, 2[middle dot]16]) than in men (1[middle dot]56 [1[middle dot]32, 1[middle dot]85]), but absolute and attributable risk were lower. Thus, women in the top quintile for cholesterol had lower coronary mortality (6[middle dot]1 deaths per thousand patient years) than men in the bottom quintile (6[middle dot]8 deaths per thousand patient years). Moreover, it was estimated that there would have been only 103 (21 %) fewer CH D deaths in women, yet 211 (24%) fewer in men, if mortality had been the same for women and men in the lowest quintiles of cholesterol. Trends showing similar relative risks in these women, but lower absolute and attributable risks than in men, were present for smoking, diastolic blood pressure, and social class. There was no relation between obesity and coronary death after adjustment for other risks. Our results suggest that some other factors protect women against CHD. The potential for women to reduce their risk of CH D by changes in lifestyle may be less than for men.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/30146/1/0000523.pd

CHOLESTEROL LOWERING AND THE RISK OF CORONARY HEART DISEASE

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/24843/1/0000269.pd