COMBINATION OF TERRESTRIAL LASERSCANNING, UAV AND CLOSE-RANGE PHOTOGRAMMETRY FOR 3D RECONSTRUCTION OF COMPLEX CHURCHES IN GEORGIA

In September 2018, photogrammetric images and terrestrial laser scans were carried out as part of a measurement campaign for the three-dimensional recording of several historic churches in Tbilisi (Georgia). The aim was the complete spatial reconstruction with a spatial resolution and accuracy of approx. 1cm under partly difficult external conditions, which required the use of different measurement techniques.The local measurement data were collected by two laser scanning campaigns (Leica BLK360 and Faro Focus 3D X330), two UAV flights and two terrestrial image sets. The photogrammetric point clouds were calculated with the SfM programs AgiSoft PhotoScan and RealityCapture taking into account the control points from the Faro laser scan. The mean residual errors from the registrations or photogrammetric evaluations are 4-12mm, depending on the selected software. The best completeness and quality of the resulting 3D model was achieved by using laserscan data and images simultaneously.</p

Teaching Tolerance in a Globalized World: Final Remarks

Each of the five empirical studies presented in this report aimed to identify factors and conditions that help schools and teachers to promote tolerance in a globalized world. Each study acknowledged the complex, hierarchical layers of explanatory mechanisms, while focusing on what could be learned from in-depth analysis of data collected by the International Association for the Evaluation ofEducational Achievement’s International Civic and Citizenship Education Study 2009. In this chapter, key findings are summarized, while acknowledging limitations and caveats, and avenues for further research are identified. The report findings also flag some potential implications for policymakers

Equating errors in international surveys in education

peer reviewe

Linking errors in trend estimation for international surveys in education

peer reviewe

What a difference a day makes: Estimating daily learning gains during kindergarten and first grade using a natural experiment

Knowing whether time spent in formal schooling increases student achievement, and by how much, is important for policymakers interested in determining efficient use of resources. Using the ECLS-K, we exploit quasi-randomness in the timing of assessment dates to examine this question. Conservative estimates suggest a year of school results in gains of about one standard deviation above normal developmental gains in both reading and math test scores. The results are statistically significant and extremely robust to specification choice, supporting quasi-randomness of test dates. Estimates of skill accumulation due to formal schooling do not vary based on socioeconomic characteristics.School resources Natural experiment School year length