Strategy-Proof and Anonymous Rule in Queueing Problems: A Relationship between Equity and Efficiency

In this paper, we consider a relationship between equity and efficiency in queueing problems. We show that under strategy-proofness, anonymity in welfare implies queue-efficiency. Furthermore, we also give a characterization of the equally distributed pairwise pivotal rule, as the only rule that satisfies strategy-proofness, anonymity in welfare and budget-balance.Queueing Problems, Strategy-Proofness, Anonymity in welfare, Efficiency

Thermodynamic Properties of Low-GWP Refrigerant for Centrifugal Chiller

In refrigeration and air-conditioning industry, HFCs refrigerantssuch as HFC-134a, HFC-245fa, R-410A and R-404A were developed as CFCs or HCFCs alternative refrigerants which have Ozone depletion Potential (ODP). But HFCs have high global warming potential (GWP), there are urgent needs to reduce HFCs emissions. AMOLEA is a next-generation solvent and refrigerant brand developed by AGC under the concept of dramatically reducing GWP with superior performance. AMOLEA yd that consists of HCFO-1224yd has the good characters such as low-GWP, non-flammable, low-toxicity, good-chemical and thermal suitability, good-compatibility with oil and equipment components. HCFO-1224yd has similar thermal properties to HFC-245fa, so it is suitable to use as the refrigerant to alternate HFC-245fa and HCFC-123 for centrifugal chiller, organic Rankine cycle system, heat pumps. This paper shows the properties of HCFO-1224yd, including critical parameters, vapor-liquid coexistence curve, vapor pressure and PVT properties, were determined experimentally. The measurements of vapor-liquid coexistence curve in the critical region were made through visual observation of the disappearance of meniscus at the vapor-liquid interface within an optical cell. The vapor pressure and the PVT properties were made using the constant-volume method. The saturated liquid densities were obtained by the method using pyrex glass floats. The new experimental data and correlations were presented. On the basis of measurements of the density-temperature relation along the vapor-liquid coexistence curve near the critical point, the critical density was determined by the observation of disappearance of the vapor-liquid interface and of the intensity of critical opalescence. The critical density was determined as 530kg/m3. The critical temperature can be determined as the saturation temperature corresponding to the critical density. The critical temperature was determined as 429.1K. The critical pressure was determined by extrapolation of the vapor pressure measurements to the critical temperature as 3.379MPa. The correlation equation of vapor pressure and saturated density were developed. The root mean square deviation was 0.6% in the correlation equation of vapor pressure. In case of saturated density, the root mean square deviation was 0.9%

Habermas’ Auseinandersetzung mit Gehlen, die demokratische Entwicklung der frühen BRD und die Problematik von „Institutionen“: eine Vorgeschichte des „Verfassungspatriotismus“

Nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg wurde die Bundesrepublik Deutschland unter der Leitung der Alliierten nach dem Muster westlicher demokratischer Ordnungen errichtet. Sie war ein provisorischer Staat, der aus diesem Grund nachträglich seine Legitimität durch gesellschaftliche sowie politische Debatten gewinnen musste. Von den 1960er Jahren bis in die 1970er Jahre standen autoritäre Aspekte des Staats im Vordergrund, da jene politischen Ereignisse wie die Spiegel-Affäre, die Große Koalition (CDU/CSU-SPD), die Notstandsgesetzgebung usw. sukzessiv stattfanden, bei denen es sich um staatliche Unterdrückung des individuellen Rechts der Bürger*innen handelte. Als Reaktion darauf bildete sich die APO (Außerparlamentarische Opposition), die hauptsächlich aus dem SDS (Sozialistischer Deutscher Studentenbund) bestand. Es war Jürgen Habermas (*1929), der sich mit der demokratischen Entwicklung der frühen BRD beschäftigte. Er protestierte heftig gegen die Unterdrückung der Demokratie vonseiten des Staates und zugleich kritisierte er die sich radikalisierenden Student*innen, die sowohl demokratische Spielregeln als auch die gegebenen Institutionen umzuwandeln versuchten. Hierbei ist anzumerken, dass Habermas sich mit den konservativen Denkern auseinandersetzte. Vor allem ist Arnold Gehlen (1904-1976) sehr wichtig, da er in der damaligen akademischen und journalistischen Öffentlichkeit großen Einfluss hatte und die Institutionstheorie aufstellte. Die bisherige Forschung fokussiert auf jene Rezeption von Gehlens Theorie durch Habermas, die zu seinen Werken Strukturwandel der Öffentlichkeit (1962) oder Theorie des kommunikativen Handels (1981) führen sollte. Man kann darüber hinaus auch die Frage stellen, was die Institutionstheorie Gehlens für Habermas’ Bewertung der demokratischen Entwicklung nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg bedeutete. Die vorliegende Arbeit geht zunächst auf Gehlens Hauptwerke Urmensch und Spätkultur (1957) sowie Moral und Hypermoral (1969) ein und analysiert dann die zwei Besprechungen Habermas’ zu diesen Büchern. Für Habermas war Gehlen ein Prüfstein beim Versuch, die Bedeutung der gesellschaftlichen Institutionen ohne totalisierende Konsequenzen zu retten und die Demokratie im Nachkriegsdeutschland festzumachen. Dies dürfte auch eine neue Sichtweise auf den Begriff „Verfassungspatriotismus“, den Habermas erst beim sogenannten „Historikerstreit“ von 1986 konzipierte, bringen. Dabei insistierte Habermas gegen die revisionistische Historie auf eine Gestaltung der postkonventionellen Identität, welche sich durch universalistische Wertorientierungen verfeinert. Hier geht es also um eine Spannung zwischen kollektiver Identität und universalen Verfassungsprinzipien. In diesem Punkt ist die Rolle der gesellschaftlichen Institutionen notwendigerweise zu klären, deren Bedeutung Habermas durch seine Auseinandersetzung mit Gehlen herausarbeitete. Die gesellschaftlichen Institutionen können ein Vermittler zwischen sowohl individueller als auch kollektiver Identität und universalistischen Verfassungsprinzipien sein, soweit sie den demokratischen Spielregeln folgen.本稿は，2021年度松山大学特別研究助成の支援を受けた研究成果であると同時に，著者が京都大学大学院文学研究科に提出した博士論文『初期ドイツ連邦共和国における知識人の諸相，自己省察から討議へ ― アドルノ，ハーバーマス，そしてエンツェンスベルガー』（2022年３月，非公表）の第５章「国家と抗議の関係性。ハーバーマスから見たドイツ連邦共和国の68年 ― ゲーレンによる制度論との批判的対峙」を改稿したものである

Far-infrared rays control prostate cancer cells _in vitro_ and _in vivo_

We introduce a new effective method to control hormone refractory prostate cancer cells by using an activated rubber/resin form (RB), far-infrared ray emitter, with or without sodium butyrate (SB). The growth of three human prostate cancer cell lines (Du145, PC-3 and LNCaP) was suppressed _in vitro_ and _in vivo_ by using RB, and the cells were eradicated with RB + 3 mM SB. G1 arrest and apoptotic pathway proteins were induced by RB with intensified expressions of apoptosis - related mRNA on cDNA microarray. RB radiates the infra-red rays of the 4 to 25 [mu]m wavelengths to an object which exert a favorable influence on a cancer control. These results may render us a new therapeutic modality in hormone refractory prostate cancer

THE ENERGY CONVERSION EFFICIENCY OF DRIVER SHOT IN FEMALE PROFESSIONAL AND AMATEUR GOLFERS

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance of driver shot from the viewpoint of the energy conversion efficiency between club head and ball at impact. Six female professional golfers and six female amateur golfers participated in this study. All subjects were instructed to hit a straight ball with their usual swing. Each subject performed ten trials. Three dimensional coordinates of reflective markers attached on a body and club landmarks were obtained using the motion capture system operating at 250 Hz. High speed camera was used to measure the movement of the club head and ball. The energy conversion efficiency was significantly different between professional and amateur golfers (

COMPARISON OF GOLF SWING PATTERNS IN SKILLED FEMALE GOLFERS AMONG THREE DIFFERENT CLUBS

The purpose of this study was to compare golf swing patterns using three different clubs among skilled golfers. Five right-handed female professional golfers used their own three clubs (driver, 5-iron, and 9-iron) to hit standard golf balls in our laboratory. 3D coordinates of body and club landmarks during the swing motions were recorded using a 3D motion capture system with operating at 250 Hz frame rates. As the results, the acceleration of club head in each club during downswing reached a maximum around about 0.08 s before impact during similar swing time, and the height of club head at the maximum acceleration showed about 55% of ratio for the body height despite differences of clubs. Skilled golfers therefore might feel as the similar patterns of golf swing even if they are swinging with different length clubs

The Corrosion Behavior of Sputter-Deposited Magnesium-Valve Metal Alloys

An attempt was made for preparation of magnesium alloys with valve metals, such as titanium, zirconium, niobium and tantalum whose melting points far exceed the boiling point of magnesium. These alloys became single phase solid solutions in wide composition ranges, but were crystalline in contrast to the fact that other alloys with valve metals such as nickel-, copper-and aluminum-base alloys were amorphous in wide composition ranges. The alloys containing sufficient amounts of valve metals showed high corrosion resistance due to spontaneous passivation in 1 M HCl at 30℃. The high corrosion resistance was attributed to the formation of passive oxyhydroxide films in which valve metal cations were remarkably concentrated. However, because of crystalline alloys and because of the presence of active magnesium, their corrosion resistance is lower than that of valve metals