3,011 research outputs found
Carbon emission reduction targeting through process integration and fuel switching with mathematical modeling
Carbon emission reduction targeting is an important and effective effort for industry to contribute in controlling greenhouse gases concentration in atmosphere. Graphical approach has been proposed for CO2 emissions reduction targeting via HEN retrofit and fuel switching. However, it involves potentially time consuming manual procedures and the quality of solutions produced greatly depends on designer's experience and judgment. Besides, graphical approach hardly account for the cost factor during the design phase, thus potentially generate complex design. This paper introduces an MINLP model for simultaneous CO2 emissions reduction targeting via fuel switching and HEN retrofit. A sequential model execution was proposed along with the proposed model. The application of the model on a crude preheat train case study has demonstrated its workability to generate optimal solution for targeted CO2 emissions reduction at minimum payback period
Guaranteed Performance of Nonlinear Pose Filter on SE(3)
This paper presents a novel nonlinear pose filter evolved directly on the
Special Euclidean Group SE(3) with guaranteed characteristics of transient and
steady-state performance. The above-mention characteristics can be achieved by
trapping the position error and the error of the normalized Euclidean distance
of the attitude in a given large set and guiding them to converge
systematically to a small given set. The error vector is proven to approach the
origin asymptotically from almost any initial condition. The proposed filter is
able to provide a reliable pose estimate with remarkable convergence properties
such that it can be fitted with measurements obtained from low-cost measurement
units. Simulation results demonstrate high convergence capabilities and
robustness considering large error in initialization and high level of
uncertainties in measurements. Keywords: Pose, estimator, observer, attitude,
position, estimate, special orthogonal group, special Euclidean group,
prescribed performance, steady-state, transient response, homogeneous
transformation matrix, complimentary filter, mapping, Parameterization,
Representation, Robust, stability, uncertain, Gaussian, noise, vectorial
measurement, vector measurement, translational velocity, angular velocity,
singular value decomposition, rotational matrix, identity, deterministic,
comparison, inertial frame, rigid body, three dimensional, 3D, space, Lie
group, projection, landmark, feature, gyroscope, micro electromechanical
systems, Inertial measurement units, sensor, IMUs, Fixed, moving, orientation,
Roll, Pitch, Yaw, SVD, UAVs, QUAV, unmanned, underwater vehicle, robot, robotic
System, spacecraft, quadrotor, quadcopter, overview, autonomous, xyz, axis,
SO(3), SE(3).Comment: 2019 American Control Conference (ACC
Guaranteed Performance of Nonlinear Pose Filter on SE(3)
This paper presents a novel nonlinear pose filter evolved directly on the
Special Euclidean Group SE(3) with guaranteed characteristics of transient and
steady-state performance. The above-mention characteristics can be achieved by
trapping the position error and the error of the normalized Euclidean distance
of the attitude in a given large set and guiding them to converge
systematically to a small given set. The error vector is proven to approach the
origin asymptotically from almost any initial condition. The proposed filter is
able to provide a reliable pose estimate with remarkable convergence properties
such that it can be fitted with measurements obtained from low-cost measurement
units. Simulation results demonstrate high convergence capabilities and
robustness considering large error in initialization and high level of
uncertainties in measurements. Keywords: Pose, estimator, observer, attitude,
position, estimate, special orthogonal group, special Euclidean group,
prescribed performance, steady-state, transient response, homogeneous
transformation matrix, complimentary filter, mapping, Parameterization,
Representation, Robust, stability, uncertain, Gaussian, noise, vectorial
measurement, vector measurement, translational velocity, angular velocity,
singular value decomposition, rotational matrix, identity, deterministic,
comparison, inertial frame, rigid body, three dimensional, 3D, space, Lie
group, projection, landmark, feature, gyroscope, micro electromechanical
systems, Inertial measurement units, sensor, IMUs, Fixed, moving, orientation,
Roll, Pitch, Yaw, SVD, UAVs, QUAV, unmanned, underwater vehicle, robot, robotic
System, spacecraft, quadrotor, quadcopter, overview, autonomous, xyz, axis,
SO(3), SE(3).Comment: 2019 American Control Conference (ACC
HEMOLYTIC ACTIVITY OF CICER ARIETINUM L. EXTRACTS BY TWO EXTRACTION TECHNIQUES
This study were designed to test the efficiency of saponin which extracted from C. arietinum L. by two different extraction techniques as hemolytic agent, one of them carried out by using ultra sonication-Oven assistance extraction (UOAE)with ethanol as extraction solvent of choice while the other technique deals with more than one solvent with longer extraction time Phytochemical analysis of both crude extracts was performed and revealed positive result for saponins, resins, tannins and alkaloids while resins appeared only in liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) meanwhile results showed that flavonoids, terpenes, steroids, glycosides and polyphenols were absent for both crude extracts. Reversed high performance liquid chromatography carried out to detect presence of saponin in these crude extracts.
The results of hemolytic effect on human erythrocytes showed that both crude extracts significantly potent as lytic agent compared with synthetic purchased saponin at P≤ 0.05. The highest hemolytic activity was76.27 ± 0.18percent at concentration 0.375mg/ml with UOAE technique while the opposite pattern appeared with LLE and the hemolytic activity increase to 79.40 ± 0.12percent with the lowest concentration 0.094mg/ml,statistical analysis proved that is saponins involved both of crude extracts which obtained by UOAE and LLE techniques considered as effective hemolytic agent.
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Keywords: Saponin, Chickpea, Cicer arietinum, Hemolytic activity, Ultra-sonicationĂ‚ 
Resistivity network and structural model of the oxide cathode for CRT application
In this paper, the electrical properties of oxide cathode
and oxide cathode plus, supplied by LG Philips Displays, have been
investigated in relation to different cathode activation regimes and
methods. Oxide cathode activation treatment for different durations
has been investigated. The formations of the compounds associated
to the diffusion of reducing elements (Mg, Al, and W) to the Ni cap surface of oxide cathode were studied by a new suggestion method. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) was used as analytical techniques.
Al, W, and Mg doping elements take place during heating to 1080 K (Ni-Brightness) under a rich controlled Ba–SrO atmosphere through an acceleration life test. The chemical transport of these elements was occurred mainly by the Ni cap grain boundary mechanism with significant pile-up of Mg compounds. Al and W show a superficial concentrations and distribution.
A new structural and resistivity network model of oxide cathode plus are suggested. The new structural model shows a number of metallic and metallic oxide pathways are exist at the interface or extended through the oxide coating. The effective values of the resistances
and the type of the equivalent circuit in the resistivity network
model are temperature and activation time dependent.</p
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