Seborrheic keratoses: a distinctive diagnoses of pigmented vulvar lesions: a case report

Seborrheic keratoses, a benign growth lesion, is a very common cutaneous lesion encountered in white races in the fourth and fifth decade. The occurrence of this lesion on the vulva is rare, as an isolated lesion or in association with lesions elsewhere. A 34-year-old woman reported with a hyperpigmented palpable lesion, approximately 5-10 mm in diameter, was found on the patient's left labium majus. The clinical differential diagnosis of the pigmented lesions of the vulva is difficult often need a biopsy

Results of the COVID-19 mental health international for the general population (COMET-G) study.

INTRODUCTION: There are few published empirical data on the effects of COVID-19 on mental health, and until now, there is no large international study. MATERIAL AND METHODS: During the COVID-19 pandemic, an online questionnaire gathered data from 55,589 participants from 40 countries (64.85% females aged 35.80 ± 13.61; 34.05% males aged 34.90±13.29 and 1.10% other aged 31.64±13.15). Distress and probable depression were identified with the use of a previously developed cut-off and algorithm respectively. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Descriptive statistics were calculated. Chi-square tests, multiple forward stepwise linear regression analyses and Factorial Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) tested relations among variables. RESULTS: Probable depression was detected in 17.80% and distress in 16.71%. A significant percentage reported a deterioration in mental state, family dynamics and everyday lifestyle. Persons with a history of mental disorders had higher rates of current depression (31.82% vs. 13.07%). At least half of participants were accepting (at least to a moderate degree) a non-bizarre conspiracy. The highest Relative Risk (RR) to develop depression was associated with history of Bipolar disorder and self-harm/attempts (RR = 5.88). Suicidality was not increased in persons without a history of any mental disorder. Based on these results a model was developed. CONCLUSIONS: The final model revealed multiple vulnerabilities and an interplay leading from simple anxiety to probable depression and suicidality through distress. This could be of practical utility since many of these factors are modifiable. Future research and interventions should specifically focus on them

Treatment and long-term outcome of mental disorders: the grim picture from a quasi-epidemiological investigation in 54,826 subjects from 40 countries

This study registered rates of specific treatment options for mental disorders as well as their long-term outcome. The history of mental disorders was used as a proxy for diagnosis. The data came from the COMET-G study (40 countries; 54,826 subjects, 64.73 % females, 35.45±13.51 years old). The analysis included descriptive statistics, Risk Ratios, t-tests, and ANCOVA's. .14 % reported a history of any mental disorder (depression >12 %, non-affective psychosis and Bipolar disorder 1 % each, >20 % self-injury, >10 % had attempted suicide, 7.17 % illegal substance abuse). Most patients were not under any kind of treatment (59.44 %) and most were not receiving treatment as recommended (e.g. 90 % of Bipolar and 2/3 of psychotic patients). No treatment at all and psychotherapy as monotherapy were consistently related to poorer outcomes. In anxiety or depression, only antidepressant monotherapy and benzodiazepines, in Bipolar disorder only antipsychotic monotherapy in males and antidepressant monotherapy in females and in non-affective psychosis antipsychotics and psychotherapy in females only, were related to good outcomes. No treatment modality was related to a good outcome in those with a history of self-harm, suicidal attempts, or illegal substance use. Only depression and treatment with antidepressants were related to metabolic syndrome. In the community, the overwhelming majority of mental patients do not receive appropriate treatment or, even worse, no treatment at all. The outcome is unfavourable for the majority and only a few selective treatment options seem to make a difference. [Abstract copyright: Copyright © 2025. Published by Elsevier B.V.

AA 2024 Al ALAŞIMININ SÜRTÜNME KARIŞTIRMA KAYNAĞINDA (SKK) KAYNAK PARAMETRELERİNİN BİRLEŞMEYE ETKİLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ

Bu çalışmada sürtünme karıştırma kaynağı yöntemiyle birleştirilen AA2024 alüminyum levhaların kaynak bölgelerinin değişik parametrelerle mikroyapı ve mekanik özellikleri incelenmiştir. Sürtünme karıştırma kaynak yöntemi teknolojiyle beraber gelişimi sürekli devam eden ve kaynak dünyası içinde doksanlı yıllarda kullanılmaya başlanan bir katı hal kaynak yöntemidir. Birçok yönden sağladığı üstünlükler ile özellikle günümüzde alüminyum ve alüminyum alaşımlarının kaynağında yaygın bir biçimde kullanılmaktadır. Kaynak işlemi sırasında karıştırıcı ucun devir hızı, karıştırıcı ucun omuz genişliği ve kaynağın ilerleme hızı değişken parametreler olarak seçilmiştir. Karıştırıcı ucun devir sayısı sabitken kaynak ilerleme hızı farklı değerde seçilmiş ve kaynak ilerleme hızı sabitken de karıştırıcı uç devir sayısı değiştirilmiştir. Bu işlemler üç ayrı omuz genişliğinde de tekrarlanmıştır. Kaynaklı birleştirmelerde metalografik ve mekanik testler yapılarak kaynak ilerleme ve karıştırıcı uç devir sayısı değişimin, birleşme bölgesinin metalürjik ve mekanik özellikleri üzerindeki etkileri araştırılmıştır.In this study, the microstructure of aluminium sheets with different parameter which were joined through stir friction welding were examined. The way of stir friction welding, started to use in 1990's, is a solid phase way and is continiously developing with technology. Especially today, because of its superiorities with many sides, stir friction welding is used for aluminium and its alloys' welding. During welding, rotatinal speed of welding stir tool, the shoulder width of welding stir tool and welding speed were chosen asvariable parameters. While rotational speed of welding stir tool was constant, welding speed was chosen in a different speed and while welding speed was constant, the rotational speed of welding stir tool was chosen in different speed. These were repeated for all three shoulder widths. Through metallographic and mechanic tests on welding, the influences of different speed of welding and rotational welding speed on metallurgy and mechanic properties of junction section were examined

AA 2024 Al ALAŞIMININ SÜRTÜNME KARIŞTIRMA KAYNAĞINDA (SKK) KAYNAK PARAMETRELERİNİN BİRLEŞMEYE ETKİLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ

Bu çalışmada sürtünme karıştırma kaynağı yöntemiyle birleştirilen AA2024 alüminyum levhaların kaynak bölgelerinin değişik parametrelerle mikroyapı ve mekanik özellikleri incelenmiştir. Sürtünme karıştırma kaynak yöntemi teknolojiyle beraber gelişimi sürekli devam eden ve kaynak dünyası içinde doksanlı yıllarda kullanılmaya başlanan bir katı hal kaynak yöntemidir. Birçok yönden sağladığı üstünlükler ile özellikle günümüzde alüminyum ve alüminyum alaşımlarının kaynağında yaygın bir biçimde kullanılmaktadır. Kaynak işlemi sırasında karıştırıcı ucun devir hızı, karıştırıcı ucun omuz genişliği ve kaynağın ilerleme hızı değişken parametreler olarak seçilmiştir. Karıştırıcı ucun devir sayısı sabitken kaynak ilerleme hızı farklı değerde seçilmiş ve kaynak ilerleme hızı sabitken de karıştırıcı uç devir sayısı değiştirilmiştir. Bu işlemler üç ayrı omuz genişliğinde de tekrarlanmıştır. Kaynaklı birleştirmelerde metalografik ve mekanik testler yapılarak kaynak ilerleme ve karıştırıcı uç devir sayısı değişimin, birleşme bölgesinin metalürjik ve mekanik özellikleri üzerindeki etkileri araştırılmıştır.In this study, the microstructure of aluminium sheets with different parameter which were joined through stir friction welding were examined. The way of stir friction welding, started to use in 1990's, is a solid phase way and is continiously developing with technology. Especially today, because of its superiorities with many sides, stir friction welding is used for aluminium and its alloys' welding. During welding, rotatinal speed of welding stir tool, the shoulder width of welding stir tool and welding speed were chosen asvariable parameters. While rotational speed of welding stir tool was constant, welding speed was chosen in a different speed and while welding speed was constant, the rotational speed of welding stir tool was chosen in different speed. These were repeated for all three shoulder widths. Through metallographic and mechanic tests on welding, the influences of different speed of welding and rotational welding speed on metallurgy and mechanic properties of junction section were examined

Is Hepcidin a New Cardiovascular Risk Marker in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome?

Background/Aims: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with reproductive and metabolic abnormalities and carries a number of cardiovascular risk factors. Low-grade chronic inflammation has been thought to play a role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and PCOS patients have an increased rate of subclinical inflammation. In the present study, considering the major role that hepcidin plays in the regulation of iron metabolism and as an inflammatory marker, we investigated hepcidin in PCOS patients and its role in predicting cardiovascular disease (CVD) development. Methods: Forty patients with PCOS and 40 age- and body mass index-matched healthy controls were included in the study. Iron metabolites, insulin resistance (IR), inflammatory markers and hepcidin levels were analyzed. Results:IR parameters, inflammatory markers, iron parameters and hepcidin levels were similar between the PCOS and control groups. While the inflammatory markers were significantly high in the overweight and obese PCOS subgroup, the hepcidin levels were also high but this elevation was not statistically significant. Conclusion:Obesity is the principle mechanism of chronic inflammation and IR in PCOS patients. C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 should be used to predict and follow the risk of CVD development in PCOS cases. Hepcidin may be used as an additional marker in the follow-up of PCOS patients in the future. Copyright (C) 2013 S. Karger AG, BaselScientific Research Fund of Fatih University [P53010801-2]This work was supported by the Scientific Research Fund of Fatih University under project number P53010801-2