Organized and Sustainable Education Program for Drug Abuse Prevention by Yogo-teachers

　学校における喫煙・飲酒・薬物乱用防止教育の充実には，問題行動が顕在化する中学校期だけでなく小学校期 における指導の推進が重要であり，系統的な指導計画を立て，指導者や時間の確保，教材作成などに組織的に取 組み，継続可能なプログラム開発を行う必要がある。そこで，地区内12 校の養護教諭が協働して，発達段階に応 じた系統的・組織的かつ継続可能な地区共通の指導計画を開発し，各校の教育課程・年間計画に位置付けた実践 研究を行った。その結果，指導計画の実施状況は，小学校11 校中，学級活動10 校，ミニ保健指導10 校，長期 休業前指導6 校，広報活動9 校となり，特別支援学校1 校では広報活動のみを行うことができた。小学校におけ る喫煙・飲酒・薬物乱用防止教育の推進には，学校保健活動の中核的役割を担う養護教諭が専門性を活かし協働 して，系統的な指導計画を各校の教育課程に位置付け組織的で継続可能なプログラムとする取組が有効であった

Anti-apoptotic effect of claudin-1 in tamoxifen-treated human breast cancer MCF-7 cells

Abstract Background Claudin-1 is a membrane protein of tight junctions, and is associated with the development of various cancers. However, the significance of claudin-1 expression in cancer cells is not well understood. Here, we showed for the first time the anti-apoptotic effect of claudin-1 in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells. Methods Human breast cancer MCF-7 and T47 D cells were treated with or without tamoxifen, siRNA against claudin-1, or tamoxifen and claudin-1 siRNA. The samples were analyzed by RT-PCR, Western blotting or immunofluorescent staining. Results The expression of claudin-1 was upregulated in tamoxifen-treated MCF-7 cells, whereas the expression of claudin-1 was not altered in tamoxifen-treated T47 D cells. Knockdown of claudin-1 by siRNA increased the amount of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) regardless of tamoxifen treatment in MCF-7 cells, but not T47 D cells. In the cell membranes of the MCF-7 cells, tamoxifen treatment increased the amount of claudin-1, but decreased the amount of β-catenin. Claudin-1 siRNA increased the amount of E-cadherin in the cytoplasm of the MCF-7 cells as well as the amount of β-catenin in their cell membranes. Conclusion These results indicate that claudin-1 has anti-apoptotic effects, and is involved in the regulation of the expression and subcellular localization of β-catenin and E-cadherin in MCF-7, but not T47 D cells.</p

Resection of a locally advanced hilar tumor and the hepatic artery after stepwise hepatic arterial embolization: A case report

We herein report a case of a hilar tumor with extensive invasion to the proper hepatic artery, which was successfully treated with a radical resection in a 57-year-old female patient after a stepwise hepatic arterial embolization. She underwent right colectomy and partial hepatectomy for advanced colon cancer two years ago and radiofrequency ablation therapy for a liver metastasis one year ago, respectively. A recurrent tumor was noted around the proper hepatic artery with invasion to the left hepatic duct and right hepatic artery 7 mo previously. We planned a radical resection for the patient 5 mo after the absence of tumor progression was confirmed while he was undergoing chemotherapy. To avoid surgery-related liver failure, we tried to promote the formation of collateral hepatic arteries after stepwise arterial embolization of the posterior and anterior hepatic arteries two weeks apart. Finally, the proper hepatic artery was occluded after formation of collateral flow from the inferior phrenic and superior mesenteric arteries was confirmed. One month later, a left hepatectomy with hepatic arterial resection was successfully performed without any major complications