Bienzymatic production and reaction-integrated separation of laminaribiose by ad- and desorption on zeolite BEA

Carbohydrates are fundamental constituents in nutrition, feed and numerous technical applications. Especially for the “rare sugars”, a growing number of applications in chemical and pharmaceutical industry have been developed recently. Laminaribiose has been identified as possible building block in new cancer medication This contribution introduces a bienzymatic production strategy for laminaribiose with a reaction-integrated adsorption to overcome the disadvantage of consecutive reactions and to improve the purity of the product. Laminaribiose is produced using sucrose and glucose as cheap reactants with sucrose phosphorylase and laminaribiose phosphorylase as enzymatic catalysts. Immobilization strategies were developed to retain the enzymes in the reaction solution enabling a continuous process and improving the operation time of the process. BEA 150 zeolites are used as adsorbent due to their specific adsorption of laminaribiose. The batch process was conducted in vessels between 2 mL and 25 mL and a MATLAB tool was developed to model this processes. Therefore, single enzyme kinetics and single component isotherms were used in the model. Furthermore, the loss of capacity over reaction time for the zeolite was determined using dynamic methods and integrated into the model. Simulations showed a good agreement between the model and the experimental data for all experiments, see figure 1 left. The derived model was then used to optimize the process conditions leading to a final loading of the zeolites of approximately 27 mglaminaribiose/gzeolite. Downstream processing of these zeolites included several washing and desorption steps and improved the purity in the final desorbate to approximately 75 % with an overall yield of the downstream process of 25 % although downstream processing is not optimized yet (figure 1 right). In comparison, the purity in the supernatant after the reaction was about 25 %. Moreover, the products of unwanted consecutive reactions could be decreased by 20 % resulting in an increase of laminaribiose formed by about 5 % with 200 gzeolite/L by the reaction-integrated separation in comparison to the reaction without zeolites. Please click Additional Files below to see the full abstract

The extended Elution by characteristic Point Method to determine Adsorption Isotherms of Labyrinthopeptin for Purification via Ion-Exchange Chromatography

Ion-exchange chromatography (IEC) is the most frequently used technique to purify proteins and therefore, plays an important role in process development for therapeutical proteins. To improve the purification using ion-exchange chromatography, adequate characterization of adsorption isotherms is obligatory. The Elution by Characteristic Point method (ECP) can be used to determine adsorption isotherms applying only minor amounts of sample material to the chromatography column. Here, the applicability of the extended ECP method to determine adsorption isotherms of the model protein bovine serum albumin (BSA) using bovine hemoglobin (bHb) as tracer substance to quantify all nonidealities of the system is shown. The resulting isotherm was validated using the static batch approach. In the next step, the gained knowledge is used to measure isotherms of Labyrinthopeptins A1 and A2, which show promising activity against retroviruses like herpes simplex virus or human immunodeficiency virus

The James Webb Space Telescope Mission

Twenty-six years ago a small committee report, building on earlier studies, expounded a compelling and poetic vision for the future of astronomy, calling for an infrared-optimized space telescope with an aperture of at least $4m$. With the support of their governments in the US, Europe, and Canada, 20,000 people realized that vision as the $6.5m$ James Webb Space Telescope. A generation of astronomers will celebrate their accomplishments for the life of the mission, potentially as long as 20 years, and beyond. This report and the scientific discoveries that follow are extended thank-you notes to the 20,000 team members. The telescope is working perfectly, with much better image quality than expected. In this and accompanying papers, we give a brief history, describe the observatory, outline its objectives and current observing program, and discuss the inventions and people who made it possible. We cite detailed reports on the design and the measured performance on orbit.Comment: Accepted by PASP for the special issue on The James Webb Space Telescope Overview, 29 pages, 4 figure

The OneGraph vision : Challenges of breaking the graph model lock-in

Amazon Neptune is a graph database service that supports two graph models: W3Cs Resource Description Framework (RDF) and Labeled Property Graphs (LPG). Customers choose one or the other model. This choice determines which data modeling features can be used and - perhaps more importantly - which query languages are available. The choice between the two technology stacks is difficult and time consuming. It requires consideration of data modeling aspects, query language features, their adequacy for current and future use cases, as well as developer knowledge. Even in cases where customers evaluate the pros and cons and make a conscious choice that fits their use case, over time we often see requirements from new use cases emerge that could be addressed more easily with a different data model or query language. It is therefore highly desirable that the choice of the query language can be made without consideration of what graph model is chosen and can be easily revised or complemented at a later point. To this end, we advocate and explore the idea of OneGraph ("1G" for short), a single, unified graph data model that embraces both RDF and LPGs. The goal of 1G is to achieve interoperability at both data level, by supporting the co-existence of RDF and LPG in the same database, as well as query level, by enabling queries and updates over the unified data model with a query language of choice. In this paper, we sketch our vision and investigate technical challenges towards a unification of the two graph data models

JWST science instrument pupil alignment measurements

NASA's James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) is a 6.5m diameter, segmented, deployable telescope for cryogenic IR space astronomy (similar to 40K). The JWST Observatory architecture includes the Optical Telescope Element (OTE) and the Integrated Science Instrument Module (ISIM) element that contains four science instruments (SI), including a guider. OSIM is a full field, cryogenic, optical simulator of the JWST OTE. It is the "Master Tool" for verifying the cryogenic alignment and optical performance of ISIM by providing simulated point source/star images to each of the four Science Instruments in ISIM. Included in OSIM is a Pupil Imaging Module (PIM) - a large format CCD used for measuring pupil alignment. Located at a virtual stop location within OSIM, the PIM records superimposed shadow images of pupil alignment reference (PAR) targets located in the OSIM and SI pupils. The OSIM Pupil Imaging Module was described by Brent Bos, et al, at SPIE in 2011 prior to ISIM testing. We have recently completed the third and final ISIM cryogenic performance verification test before ISIM was integrated with the OTE. In this paper, we describe PIM implementation, performance, and measurement results.This item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at [email protected]

New Mechanistic Insights, Novel Treatment Paradigms, and Clinical Progress in Cerebrovascular Diseases

The past decade has brought tremendous progress in diagnostic and therapeutic options for cerebrovascular diseases as exemplified by the advent of thrombectomy in ischemic stroke, benefitting a steeply increasing number of stroke patients and potentially paving the way for a renaissance of neuroprotectants. Progress in basic science has been equally impressive. Based on a deeper understanding of pathomechanisms underlying cerebrovascular diseases, new therapeutic targets have been identified and novel treatment strategies such as pre- and post-conditioning methods were developed. Moreover, translationally relevant aspects are increasingly recognized in basic science studies, which is believed to increase their predictive value and the relevance of obtained findings for clinical application.This review reports key results from some of the most remarkable and encouraging achievements in neurovascular research that have been reported at the 10th International Symposium on Neuroprotection and Neurorepair. Basic science topics discussed herein focus on aspects such as neuroinflammation, extracellular vesicles, and the role of sex and age on stroke recovery. Translational reports highlighted endovascular techniques and targeted delivery methods, neurorehabilitation, advanced functional testing approaches for experimental studies, pre-and post-conditioning approaches as well as novel imaging and treatment strategies. Beyond ischemic stroke, particular emphasis was given on activities in the fields of traumatic brain injury and cerebral hemorrhage in which promising preclinical and clinical results have been reported. Although the number of neutral outcomes in clinical trials is still remarkably high when targeting cerebrovascular diseases, we begin to evidence stepwise but continuous progress towards novel treatment options. Advances in preclinical and translational research as reported herein are believed to have formed a solid foundation for this progress

The James Webb Space Telescope Mission

Twenty-six years ago a small committee report, building on earlier studies, expounded a compelling and poetic vision for the future of astronomy, calling for an infrared-optimized space telescope with an aperture of at least 4 m. With the support of their governments in the US, Europe, and Canada, 20,000 people realized that vision as the 6.5 m James Webb Space Telescope. A generation of astronomers will celebrate their accomplishments for the life of the mission, potentially as long as 20 yr, and beyond. This report and the scientific discoveries that follow are extended thank-you notes to the 20,000 team members. The telescope is working perfectly, with much better image quality than expected. In this and accompanying papers, we give a brief history, describe the observatory, outline its objectives and current observing program, and discuss the inventions and people who made it possible. We cite detailed reports on the design and the measured performance on orbit