Pengaruh Pemberian Kompos Padat dan Kompos Cair Terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman yang Ditumbuhkan pada Media Tanah atau Gambut

Kompos dapat digunakan untuk menggantikan penggunaan pupuk kimia yang memiliki pengaruh negatif terhadap kesuburan tanah. Namun demikian pengaruh kompos pada pertumbuhan tanaman tergantung pada kualitas dan tipe kompos. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk megukur pengaruh pemberian kompos dengan tipe yang berbeda (kompos padat dan kompos cair) pada media tanam berupa tanah dan gambut terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman. Penelitian ini menggunakan Tagetes patula yang ditumbuhkan di tanah atau di gambut yang diberi kompos padat atau cair. Kombinasi perlakuan ini diulang sebanyak 4 kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian kompos padat akan lebih meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman ketika ditumbuhkan di tanah dibandingkan dengan pemberian kompos cair. Sebaliknya pemberian kompos cair akan lebih meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman ketika tanaman ditumbuhkan di gambut dibandingkan pemberian kompos padat. Tipe kompos harus diperhatikan sebelum digunakan. Penggunaan kompos harus memperhatikan sifat fisik dari media tanam. Media tanam yang memilki kepadatan tanah yang tinggi lebih baik menggunakan kompos padat, sementara media tanam yang memilki kepadatan rendah lebih baik menggunakan kompos cair

UJI DAYA HAMBAT EKSTRAK DAUN BANDOTAN (Ageratum conyzoides L.) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BAKTERI Staphylococcus aureus

Ageratum conyzoides L. is commonly known as weed species however leaf from this plant is used as traditional medicine for wound and skin infection. Furthermore it is important to test A. conyzoides L. leaves extract can inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria which is causing infection disease. The content of this leaf which can inhibit bacterial growth is also obeserved. The study was conducted by growing S. aureus bacteria on nutrient agar (NA) and then a number of leave extract from A. conyzoides leaves (7.5, 15.0, 35 and 50%) were injected to NA by well diffusion method. Amoxicillin 0,6% and DMSO 1% were also injected as positve control and negative control respectively. Inhibition zone was measured based on diameter formed. The results showed that increasing leaves extract increased inhibition of S. aureus growth however 50% leave extract inhibited S. aureus growth less than Amoxicilin 0,6%.A. conyzoides leaf can inhibit S. aureus growth may be caused by terpenoid, fenol, saponin and alkaloid on its content

PEMBERIAN DOSIS INOKULUM JAMUR MIKORIZA ABUSKULA (JMA) DAN PUPUK P YANG BERBEDA TERHADAP SERAPAN P DAN PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN JAGUNG (Zea mays L.)

The effectivity of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal (AM) Fungi to increase P absorption is not only affected by AM fungal inoculum dose but also affected by soil P concentration. The aim of this study was to observe the effect of AM fungus inoculum doses and appropriate P concentration added in soil to increase maize growth. The study was conducted with completely randomized design based on two factors i.e. dose of AM fungus inoculums (0, 10, 20 g/polybag) and different P fertilizer levels (0, 1,8, 0,37 and 0,74 g/polybag). Gigaspora margarita species was used as a fungus inoculum. A polybag contained 5 kg air-dried soil. The results showed that application of AM fungus inoculum increased plant growth in low P soil while it did not increase plant growth in high P soil. Increasing fungus inoculum dose did not increase plant growth since the rate of root colonization was not significantly different

PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN TUMBUH TANAMAN JAGUNG (Zea mays L.) PADA KONDISI CEKAMAN KEKERINGAN OLEH JAMUR MIKORIZA ARBUSKULAR

Increasing maize production in Indonesia has been efforted regarding to fulfill the need of human and animal foods by utilizing the marginal land which has poor soil and is often dry. Application of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi as a biofertilizer in marginal land is a suitable alternative to overcome its problems. The aim of this research was to observe the effect of the different amounts of mycorrhizal fungal inoculum application on maize plant growth under different water regimes. Maize plants were inoculated by 0, 15, and 20 gram inoculum from Gigaspora margarita species and grown under soil water content at 60, 40 and 20% of soil fied capacity respectively. The results showed that application of mycorrhizal inoculum increased P absorption and hence plant growth under different water regimes. Plant inoculated by 20 gram inoculum had higher plant growth than plant inoculated by 10 gram inoculum particularly under soil water content at 60% of field capacity however the degree of fungal colonization was not significantly different.   

KOMUNITAS GULMA PADA PERKEBUNAN KAKAO (Theobroma cacao) DI DATARAN TINGGI DESA DONGI-DONGI DAN DATARAN RENDAH DESA SIDERA

Different elevation of lands can affect environmental conditions such as light intensity, temperature, and humidity. The environmental conditions will affect the growth and species of weeds. The aim of this study was to compare the diversity and species composition of weed comunities on highland and lowland of cacao plantation.  The study was conducted by colecting the weed species from 25 plots with a size of 2 x 2 m. Every plot was placed by purposive sampling. The result showed that there were 26 species of weeds on highland while only 15 species of weeds were found on lowland. Weeds on highland was dominated by Ageratum conyzoides with  important value index (IVI) of 62.07% while on lowland was dominated by Euphorbia hirta with IVI of 26.56%. The weeds community has a medium diversity index while the value of Similarity Index (IS) was low (4.87%) between weeds community on highland and lowland. It could be concluded that different environmental condition would affect the number  and species of weeds

UJI DAYA HAMBAT EKSTRAK DAUN LALUMPA (Melastoma malabathricum L.) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BAKTERI Vibrio cholerae dan Staphylococcus aureus

Vibrio cholera and Staphylococcus aureus are a gram negative and a gram positive bacteria respectively. Both of them can cause diseaces in human. They have differences in their cell wall composition. Differences in both bacteria in the resistance to antibacterial compounds interesting to learn. The aim of this study was to observe inhibition of Melastoma malabathricum leave extract to the growth of V. Cholera and S. aureus. The study was conducted with Completely Randomized Design. The treatment was tested with 10%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% of leave extract concentration. Amoxicillin 2% and Na-CMC 1% were also treated as positif and negative control. Each treatments was repeated three times. Extract was obtained by maceration method. Extract was injected on bacterial growth medium by well diffusion method. The result showed that increasing extract concentration increased inhibition of growth to both bacteria. V. cholera tended to be more resistant than S. aureus

KAJIAN AUTEKOLOGI HARAO Areca vestiaria Giseke PADA HUTAN DATARAN RENDAH DI KAWASAN TAMAN NASIONAL LORE LINDU (TNLL) SULAWESI TENGAH

Areca vestiaria Giseke is an endemic palm and the main component of tropical rain forest in Wallacea region. The study of autecology of A. vestiaria at the lowland forest has never been done. This study was aimed to observe the biotic and abiotic factors surround the habitat A. vestiaria.. The results indicated that there were a number of plants growing surrounding A. vestiaria, but the highest important Value Index at the level tree, sapling, pole and seedling was Polyalthia glauca Boerl. with the IVI 59.04%, Semecarpus forstenii Blume. (66.90%), Polyalthia glauca Boerl. (82.95%) and Arenga undulatifolia (32.92%), respectively. Ordo Hymenoptera and Lepidoptera insects found on A. vestiaria during the observation time. Soil at observed area had pH value of 6.9 while N, P and organic matter concentration in the soil were 0.40%, 4.46 mg/g and 7.22%, respectively. Areca vestiaria grew under light intensity of 1005.5 lux, humidity of 89.3% and average daily temperature of 24.7%. 

KAJIAN ETNOBOTANI MASYARAKAT SUKU DAMPELAS DI DESA TALAGA KECAMATAN DAMPELAS KABUPATEN DONGGALA, SULAWESI TENGAH

This research entitled “Ethnobotany Study of Dampelas Tribe Community in Talaga Village, Dampelas District of Donggala Regency, Central Sulawesi” and had been conducted from June to August 2016. This research aimed to obtain information about the type of plants and their utilization by Dampelas tribe community. Since the purpose of this research was to find out the type of plants and their utilization, this research employed a descriptive design that used quantitative approach with Equation Index of Cultural Significance (ICS). The equation used in this research was aimed at analysing the cultural importance of a plant. Based on the results obtained from the field, Dampelas tribe community in Talaga Villaga had been utilizing 82 species of plants for their daily life. The researcher dicovered that plants that have the highest ICS value were “Pae” (Oryza sativa L.) and “Aluku” (Cocos nucifera L.). Pae was used as a ceremony material, animal feed and cosmetics, while Aluku or coconut tree was used as handicrafts, building materials and materials for cultural ceremony. Both plants have the highest ICS value which is 104. It was also dicovered that plants that have the lowest ICS score, which was 6, were “Gamir” (Uncaria gambir Hunter Roxb) and “Jarak” (Jatropha Curcas L). Both plants were used as materials for cultural ceremony

Penggunaan Jamur Mikoriza Arbuscula untuk Meningkatkan Pertumbuhan Tanaman Jagung pada Tanah Tercemar Merkuri

Jamur mikoriza arbuskula berperan penting dalam membantu rehabilitasi tanah terdegradasi akibat pertambangan. Jamur ini dapat mengurangi toksisitas logam berat terhadap tanaman pada tanah yang tercemar. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui keefektifan jamur mikoriza arbuskula terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman jagung pada tanah yang dicemari dengan merkuri. Penelitian dilakukan di rumah kaca dan dilakukan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan dua faktorial. Faktor pertama adalah pemberian inokulum mikoriza (dengan dan tanpa pemberian inokulum) dan faktor kedua adalah konsentrasi merkuri pada media tumbuh (0 mg/kg, 1,46 mg/kg, dan 2,92 mg/kg tanah). Tanaman jagung diinoluasi dengan 15 gram inokulum.  Jamur mikoriza arbuskula yang digunakan adalah jenis Gigaspora margarita. Setiap gram inokulum mengandung 10 spora. Tanah dikontaminasi dengan 2 mg dan 4 mg HgCl2 per kg tanah kering. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi konsentrasi merkuri akan semakin menghambat pertumbuhan tanaman jagung yang tidak diinokulasi dengan jamur mikoriza arbuskula. Disisi lain, tanaman yang diinokulasi dengan jamur mikoriza arbsukula dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhannya pada tanah yang terkontaminasi merkuri. Sehingga kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah jamur mikoriza arbuskula dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan produktivitas tanaman jagung pada lahan tercemar merkuri

Akumulasi Nikel pada Akar dan Tajuk Tumbuhan Jarak Pagar (Jatropha curcas L.), Bunga Matahari (Helianthus annuus L.) dan Sawi Hijau (Brassica rapa L.) pada Tanah Terkontaminasi Nikel

Nikel adalah salah satu limbah logam berat yang tersebar luas di lingkungan. Kegiatan pertambangan dan industri merupakan salah satu sumber limbah nikel terbesar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan potensi fitoremediasi dari tiga jenis tumbuhan akumulator logam dan untuk mengukur akumulasi nikel di dalam akar dan tajuk dari tumbuhan uji. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 2 faktor dan diulang sebanyak 4 kali. Perlakuan terdiri dari  jenis tumbuhan akumulator ( Jatropa curcas L., Helianthus annuss L. dan Brasica rapa L.) dan konsentrasi Ni pada media tanamanya (10, 40 dan 70 mg/kg tanah). Kandungan Ni dalam akar atau tajuk diukur dengan menggunakan AAS. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa akumulasi Ni pada ketiga jenis tanaman akumulator logam lebih banyak di akar dibandingkan di tajuk tumbuhan. H. annuus L. memiliki akumulasi logam Ni di akar (6,59 mg/kg berat kering) yang lebih besar dibandingkan dengan tanaman J. curcas L. (0,26 mg/kg berat kering) dan B. rapa (0,25 mg/kg berat kering). H. annuss L. lebih efektif digunakan untuk merehabilitasi tanah tercemar N