70,135 research outputs found
Exploration of the Neuronal Subtype Specificity of an Ethanol Responsive Gene: Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 Beta (Gsk3b)
Exploration of the Neuronal Subtype Specificity of an Ethanol Responsive Gene: Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 Beta (Gsk3b)
Dalton Huey, Depts. of Bioinformatics, Biology & Chemistry, A. van der Vaart, G. M. Harris, and M. F. Miles, with Dr. Sarah Golding, Dept. of Biology
Previous work done in our laboratory revealed that Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 Beta (Gsk3b) functions as a hub gene in a network of genes regulated by acute ethanol in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) across a mouse genetic panel. Adult mice treated with acute ethanol showed increased phosphorylation of GSK3B on the Ser9 residue in prefrontal cortex. Subsequent viral-mediated overexpression of Gsk3bin mouse mPFC caused an increase in ethanol consumption and pharmacological inhibition of GSK3B decreased ethanol consumption. However, it is unknown what neuron subtypes are driving this change in behavior. Here, we provide evidence that deletion of Gsk3bin Camk2a+ glutamatergic neurons of the mPFC results in a decrease in ethanol consumption in both continuous and intermittent access drinking paradigms. Furthermore, we have recently designed and validated a plasmid for Cre-dependent overexpression of Gsk3b, along with a Cre-dependent reporter as a control. These plasmids are planned for use in conjunction with different Cre drivers for viral-mediated expression in any cell type. Dissection of the neural circuitry of this ethanol responsive pathway can lead to a better assessment of Gsk3bas a potential target for the treatment of alcohol use disorders. Work supported by grants R01A027581 and P50AA022537 to MFM.https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/uresposters/1313/thumbnail.jp
Future air traffic - A study of the terminal area
Systems analysis approach to airport planning and predicting terminal facility and aircraft demands in year 2000 for air traffic control system
Parametric Self-Oscillation via Resonantly Enhanced Multiwave Mixing
We demonstrate an efficient nonlinear process in which Stokes and anti-Stokes
components are generated spontaneously in a Raman-like, near resonant media
driven by low power counter-propagating fields. Oscillation of this kind does
not require optical cavity and can be viewed as a spontaneous formation of
atomic coherence grating
Birkhoff strata of the Grassmannian Gr: Algebraic curves
Algebraic varieties and curves arising in Birkhoff strata of the Sato
Grassmannian Gr are studied. It is shown that the big cell
contains the tower of families of the normal rational curves of all odd orders.
Strata , contain hyperelliptic curves of genus
and their coordinate rings. Strata , contain
plane curves for and and
curves in , respectively. Curves in the strata
have zero genus.Comment: 14 pages, no figures, improved some definitions, typos correcte
Direct transition from a disordered to a multiferroic phase on a triangular lattice
Competing interactions and geometric frustration provide favourable
conditions for exotic states of matter. Such competition often causes multiple
phase transitions as a function of temperature and can lead to magnetic
structures that break inversion symmetry, thereby inducing ferroelectricity
[1-4]. Although this phenomenon is understood phenomenologically [3-4], it is
of great interest to have a conceptually simpler system in which
ferroelectricity appears coincident with a single magnetic phase transition.
Here we report the first such direct transition from a paramagnetic and
paraelectric phase to an incommensurate multiferroic in the triangular lattice
antiferromagnet RbFe(MoO4)2 (RFMO). A magnetic field extinguishes the electric
polarization when the symmetry of the magnetic order changes and
ferroelectricity is only observed when the magnetic structure has chirality and
breaks inversion symmetry. Multiferroic behaviour in RFMO provides a
theoretically tractable example of ferroelectricity from competing spin
interactions. A Landau expansion of symmetry-allowed terms in the free energy
demonstrates that the chiral magnetic order of the triangular lattice
antiferromagnet gives rise to a pseudoelectric field, whose temperature
dependence agrees with that observed experimentally.Comment: 16 pages pdf including 3 figure
Enhancement of Kerr nonlinearity via multi-photon coherence
We propose a new method of resonant enhancement of optical Kerr nonlinearity
using multi-level atomic coherence. The enhancement is accompanied by
suppression of the other linear and nonlinear susceptibility terms of the
medium. We show that the effect results in a modification of the nonlinear
Faraday rotation of light propagating in an Rb87 vapor cell by changing the
ellipticity of the light.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures Submitted to Optics Letter
The influence of a surfactant, linear alkylbenzene sulfonate, on the estrogenic response to a mixture of (xeno)estrogens in vitro and in vivo
This is the post-print version of the final paper published in Aquatic Toxicology. The published article is available from the link below. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. Copyright © 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.The effect of the presence of a surfactant on the activity of a mixture of environmental estrogens was assessed. In their natural habitat, fish are subject not only to exposure to mixtures of estrogenic compounds, as has been addressed in previous publications, but also to other confounding factors (chemical, physical and biological), which may, in theory, affect their responses to such compounds. To assess the potential for such interference, the commonly occurring surfactant, linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS), was applied to the yeast estrogen screen at various concentrations, independently and together with a mixture of estrogens at constant concentrations. LAS enhanced the estrogenic activity of the mixture, an effect which became less pronounced over the course of time. This information was used to design an in vivo study to assess induction of vitellogenin in fathead minnows exposed to the same mixture of estrogens plus LAS. A similar trend was observed, that is, the response was enhanced, but the effect became less pronounced as the study progressed. However, the enhanced response in vivo occurred only at the highest concentration of LAS tested (362 μg/L), and was transient because it was no longer apparent by the end of the study. Although LAS is a significant contaminant in terms of both concentration and frequency of detection in the aquatic environment, these data do not suggest that it will have a significant impact on the response of fish to environmental estrogens
The Kinematics and Dynamics of the Globular Clusters and the Planetary Nebulae of NGC 5128
A new kinematic and dynamic study of the halo of the giant elliptical galaxy,
NGC 5128, is presented. From a spectroscopically confirmed sample of 340
globular clusters and 780 planetary nebulae, the rotation amplitude, rotation
axis, velocity dispersion, and the total dynamical mass are determined for the
halo of NGC 5128. The globular cluster kinematics were searched for both radial
dependence and metallicity dependence by subdividing the globular cluster
sample into 158 metal-rich ([Fe/H] > -1.0) and 178 metal-poor ([Fe/H] < -1.0)
globular clusters. Our results show the kinematics of the metal-rich and
metal-poor subpopulations are quite similar. The kinematics are compared to the
planetary nebula population where differences are apparent in the outer regions
of the halo. The total mass of NGC 5128 is found using the Tracer Mass
estimator (Evans et al. 2003), to determine the mass supported by internal
random motions, and the spherical component of the Jeans equation to determine
the mass supported by rotation. We find a total mass of (1.0+/-0.2) x 10^(12)
Msun from the planetary nebulae data out to a projected radius of 90 kpc and
(1.3+/-0.5) x 10^(12) Msun from the globular clusters out to a projected radius
of 50 kpc. Lastly, we present a new and homogeneous catalog of known globular
clusters in NGC 5128. This catalog combines all previous definitive cluster
identifications from radial velocity studies and HST imaging studies, as well
as 80 new globular clusters from a study of M.A. Beasley et al. (2007, in
preparation).Comment: Accepted in the Astronomical Journal,52 pages, 13 figures, 6 tables -
Changes made to Table 1 from originally submitted 0704.118
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