Prevalence of abnormal glucose tolerance and risk factors in urban and rural malaysia

OBJECTIVE-To determine the prevalence of prediabetes and diabetes among rural and urban Malaysians. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS-This cross-sectional survey was conducted among 3,879 Malaysian adults (1,335 men and 2,544 women). All subjects underwent the 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). RESULTS-The overall prevalence of prediabetes was 22.1 (30.2 in men and 69.8 in women). Isolated impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) were found in 3.4 and 16.1 of the study population, respectively, whereas 2.6 of the subjects had both IFG and IGT. Based on an OGTT, the prevalence of newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes was 12.6 (31.0 in men and 69.0 in women). The prediabetic subjects also had an increased prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors. CONCLUSIONS-The large proportion of undiagnosed cases of prediabetes and diabetes reflects the lack of public awareness of the disease

Prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its risk factors in adult Malaysians: Results of a nationwide survey

Aim: To report the national prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its risk factors among adult Malaysians (> 18 years old) based on World Health Organization (WHO), the National Cholesterol Education Program Expert Panel III (ATP III), International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and the ` Harmonized' criteria. Methods: A multi-stage stratified sampling method was used to select 4341 subjects from Peninsular and East Malaysia. Subjects underwent physical and clinical examinations. Results: Based on the WHO, ATP III, IDF and Harmonized definitions, the overall crude prevalences of MetS were 32.1, 34.3, 37.1 and 42.5, respectively. Regardless of the criteria used, MetS was higher in urban areas, in females, in the Indian population and increased significantly with age. Risk factors also increased with age; abdominal obesity was most prevalent (57.4), was higher in females (64.2) and was highest in Indians (68.8). Hypertension was higher in males (56.5) and highest among Malaysians (52.2). In contrast, the Chinese had the highest prevalence of hypertriglyceridaemia (47.4). Conclusions: Malaysia has a much higher prevalence of MetS compared with other Asian countries and, unless there is immediate intervention to reduce risk factors, this may pose serious implications on the country's healthcare costs and services. # 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved