Decoding Middle Welsh clauses or "Avoid Ambiguity”

Middle Welsh is a language with a restricted set of morphosyntactic distinctions for grammatical relations and with relatively free word order in positive main declarative causes. However, syntactic ambiguity rarely, if ever, arises in natural texts. The present article shows in a corpus-based study how syntactic ambiguity is prevented and how morphological features interact with two referential properties, namely animacy and accessibility, in order to successfully identify grammatical relations in Middle Welsh. Further lower-tier factors are the semantics of the verb and the wider narrative context. The article complements recent insights suggesting that subject-verb agreement is not only determined by wordorder patterns, but also by referential properties of subject

X-ray crystallographic structure of a papain-leupeptin complex

AbstractThe three-dimensional structure of the papain-leupeptin complex has been determined by X-ray crystallography to a resolution of 2.1 Å (overall R-factor = 19.8%). The structure indicates that: (i) leupeptin contacts the S subsites of the papain active site and not the S'subsites; (ii) the ‘carbonyl’ carbon atom of the inhibitor is covalently bound by the Cys-25 sulphur atom of papain and is tetrahedrally coordinated; (iii) the ‘carbonyl’ oxygen atom of the inhibitor faces the oxyanion hole and makes hydrogen bond contacts with Gln-19 and Cys-25

Modernização e expansão das infraestruturas logísticas e o sentido da fluidez territorial na América do Sul

Anais do I Encontro de Iniciação Científica e de Extensão da Unila - Sessão de Ciências Econômicas e Geografia - 05/06/12 - 14h00 às 18h00 - Unila-Centro - Sala 15 - 3o PisoO plano de trabalho teve como objetivo identificar os principais portos do da América do Sul e os produ - tos agrícolas por eles exportados, bem como, identificar os projetos da IIRSA voltados para implantação e modernização das infraestruturas logísticas sul-americanas. Para tanto, foram analisados documentos ofi - ciais, artigos, livros, teses e homepages dos governos dos distintos países pesquisados. A primeira etapa consistiu no mapeamento, caracterização e identificação dos principais portos da América do Sul e no le - vantamento de informações sobre os produtos que são escoados a partir das rodovias e ferrovias articula - das a eles. No campo das modernizações, foram analisados os projetos para implantação e modernização da infraestrutura logística na Iniciativa para a Integração da Infraestrutura Regional Sul Americana – IIR - SA. Os resultados obtidos até o momento indicam que, a partir dos anos 1990, graças às políticas voltadas aos estímulos às exportações, os portos ganharam destaque nas ações dos Estados, em função de serem necessários para o desejado aumento dos fluxos de mercadorias para o mercado internacional, corrobo - rando para um regionalismo aberto que busca a geração de superávits na balança comercial, destacada - mente com a negociação de produtos primários. Entre estas ações, destacam-se as privatizações e moder - nizações de suas infraestruturas com investimentos em equipamentos específicos como transtêineres e obras de aumento de calado para que os portos possam receber navios de maior porte. Até o presente mo - mento, a modernização dos portos, bem como das demais infraestruturas logísticas, fortalecem os fluxos extracontinentais e entre as próprias economias sul-americanas. Os principais portos do continente se con - figuram como polos logísticos destinados à viabilizar as exportações de produtos primários, entre os quais se destacam os produtos agrícolas, o que os associa a possibilidade de consolidação e expansão de regiões de elevado grau de especialização produtiva agrícola, na media em que a fluidez na circulação da produ - ção é um dado chave para o ganho de competitividade nos mercados internacionais.Universidade Federal da Integração Latino-Americana (UNILA

Chronic Enteropathy in Dogs—Epidemiologic Aspects and Clinical Characteristics of Dogs Presenting at Two Swedish Animal Hospitals

Information about prevalence and breed predisposition of canine chronic enteropathy (CE) is limited. The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate period prevalence, breed disposition, clinical features, diagnostic results, and treatment response of CE in dogs presenting at two Swedish animal hospitals during 2013–2018. A medical record search was performed to identify CE dogs including those with ≥3 visits because of gastrointestinal disease and/or that had undergone gastroduodenoscopy/colonoscopy during 2013–2018. Dog characteristics, case history, physical examination, laboratory variables, therapeutic protocol, and treatment response were recorded. Inclusion criteria for CE were met by 814 dogs. Period prevalence of CE was 1.1% of total number of dogs. Breeds with the highest relative risk included Norwegian Lundehund, West Highland White Terrier, and Miniature Poodle. Median age at presentation was 3.8 (IQR 1.8–6.8) years. French Bulldogs and Miniature Schnauzers presented at a younger age

Chronic Enteropathy in Dogs—Epidemiologic Aspects and Clinical Characteristics of Dogs Presenting at Two Swedish Animal Hospitals

Information about prevalence and breed predisposition of canine chronic enteropathy (CE) is limited. The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate period prevalence, breed disposition, clinical features, diagnostic results, and treatment response of CE in dogs presenting at two Swedish animal hospitals during 2013–2018. A medical record search was performed to identify CE dogs including those with ≥3 visits because of gastrointestinal disease and/or that had undergone gastroduodenoscopy/colonoscopy during 2013–2018. Dog characteristics, case history, physical examination, laboratory variables, therapeutic protocol, and treatment response were recorded. Inclusion criteria for CE were met by 814 dogs. Period prevalence of CE was 1.1% of total number of dogs. Breeds with the highest relative risk included Norwegian Lundehund, West Highland White Terrier, and Miniature Poodle. Median age at presentation was 3.8 (IQR 1.8–6.8) years. French Bulldogs and Miniature Schnauzers presented at a younger age

Uma análise intersemiótica das postagens da revista Cosmopolitan no Instagram

Neste artigo, apresentamos um estudo sociossemiótico da relação entre linguagem verbal e visual em postagens da Revista Cosmopolitan no Instagram. Os resultados revelam o uso da intertextualidade, da ancoragem entre texto visual e verbal, e de arranjos visuais que representam ação, como algumas das estratégias semióticas empregadas para reafirmar sentidos de senso comum e produzir novos sentidos em torno da vida cotidiana. Palavras-chave: Semiótica; Multimodalidade; Impresso-Digital; Instagram; Cosmopolitan Un análisis intersemiótico de las publicaciones de la revista Cosmopolitan en InstagramResumen: En este artículo, se presenta un estudio de la relación entre los lenguajes verbales y visuales en los puestos de la revista Cosmopolitan en Instagram. Los resultados muestran que el uso de la intertextualidad, el acoplamiento entre el texto visual y verbal, y los arreglos visuales que representan la acción, ya que algunas de las estrategias semióticas empleadas en los textos publicados por Cosmopolitan para reafirmar el sentido común y producir nuevos significados en torno a la vida cotidiana.Palabras clave: Semiótica; Multimodalidad; Impreso-digital; Instagram; Cosmopolitan. An intesemiotic anlysis of Cosmopolitan magazine’s posts on InstagramAbstract: This article presents a socio-semiotic study of relationship between verbal and visual languages in Cosmopolitan Magazine’s posts on Instagram. Results reveal use of intertextuality, anchoring between visual and verbal text, and visual arrangements that represent action, such as some of the semiotic strategies used to reaffirm common sense and produce new meanings around daily life.Keywords: Semiotics; Multimodality; Printed-Digital; Instagram; Cosmopolitan.

A key region of molecular specificity orchestrates unique ephrin-B1 utilization by Cedar virus

The emergent zoonotic henipaviruses, Hendra, and Nipah are responsible for frequent and fatal disease outbreaks in domestic animals and humans. Specificity of henipavirus attachment glycoproteins (G) for highly species-conserved ephrin ligands underpins their broad host range and is associated with systemic and neurological disease pathologies. Here, we demonstrate that Cedar virus (CedV)—a related henipavirus that is ostensibly nonpathogenic—possesses an idiosyncratic entry receptor repertoire that includes the common henipaviral receptor, ephrin-B2, but, distinct from pathogenic henipaviruses, does not include ephrin-B3. Uniquely among known henipaviruses, CedV can use ephrin-B1 for cellular entry. Structural analyses of CedV-G reveal a key region of molecular specificity that directs ephrin-B1 utilization, while preserving a universal mode of ephrin-B2 recognition. The structural and functional insights presented uncover diversity within the known henipavirus receptor repertoire and suggest that only modest structural changes may be required to modulate receptor specificities within this group of lethal human pathogens.Peer reviewe