ERAP1 and HLA-C*06 are strongly associated with the risk of psoriasis in the population of northern Poland

Introduction: HLA-C*06 is a major psoriasis genetic risk marker. Recent reports have been focused on the role of different polymorphisms within genes involved in the functioning of the epidermal barrier and antigen processing in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Data on the association between genetic variants of LCE3B_LCE3C, CSTA, ERAP1, ZAP70 and this dermatosis in the population from Eastern Europe are lacking. Aim: To compare the association between known genetic risk markers and psoriasis in a cohort of northern Polish patients with psoriasis and healthy controls. Material and methods: Based on previous studies’ results, five susceptibility loci: HLA-C, LCE3C_LCE3B, ERAP1, ZAP70 and CSTA were selected for genotyping in 148 patients with chronic plaque psoriasis and 146 healthy controls. Each patient with this disease was clinically assessed with the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index. Results: The study population showed a significant association of psoriasis and a single nucleotide polymorphism in the ERAP1 – rs26653 (p = 3.11 × 10–5) and HLA-C*06 allele (p = 1.02 × 10–11) when compared with the control group. The presence of HLA-C*06 or rs26653 G allele significantly increased the risk of psoriasis by 2.4 times or twice, respectively. Carrying rs26653 C allele considerably decreased the risk of psoriasis by 1.5 times. Conclusions: In the context of pathogenesis of psoriasis, our findings might give the evidence on disturbances in the proteolytic processing of N-terminal fragments of antigens presented via major histocompatibility complex class I to T cells

Effects of copper glycine chelate on liver and faecal mineral concentrations, and blood parameters in broilers

The aim of the study was to determine the influence of Cu-glycine chelate on the chemical composition of the liver and blood parameters of broiler chickens. A total of 250 one-day-old Ross 308 male chicks were allotted into 5 groups with 5 replicates of 10 birds each. Rearing of birds lasted 42 days. In the experiment Cu was added to the premix in the form of CuSO4 (16 mg, 8 mg Cu), and in the form of Cu glycine chelate (16 mg, 8 mg, 4 mg Cu). The parameters in the chickens’ blood remained within the range of physiological norms when lower levels of the analyzed elements were added. Adding lower levels of Cu (8 or 4 mg kg-1) in comparison with the recommended doses (16 mg kg-1) for broilers, in the form of highly assimilable organic sources, did not reduce the content of minerals Cu, Fe, and Zn in the chickens’ liver, but reduced the faecal Fe, Cu and Zn concentrations compared to CuSO4

Copy number variation of <i>FCGR</i> genes in etiopathogenesis of sarcoidosis

<div><p>We have previously revealed that, in contrast to polymorphism of <i>FCGR2B</i> and <i>FCGR3B</i>, polymorphism of <i>FCGR2A</i>, <i>FCGR2C</i> and <i>FCGR3A</i> genes, encoding receptors for Fc fragment of immunoglobulin G (Fcγ receptors), play a role in increased level of circulating immune complexes with occurrence of <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> heat shock proteins in patients with sarcoidosis. However, this immunocomplexemia might also be caused by decreased clearance by immune cells due to a changed copy number of <i>FCGR</i> genes. Thus, the next step of our study was to evaluate copy number variation of <i>FCGR2A</i>, <i>FCGR2B</i>, <i>FCGR2C</i>, <i>FCGR3A</i> and <i>FCGR3B</i> in this disease. The analysis was carried out by real-time quantitative PCR on 104 patients and 110 healthy volunteers. Despite previously detected variation in allele/genotype frequencies of <i>FCGR</i> in sarcoidosis and its particular stages, there was no copy number variation of the tested genes between sarcoidosis or its stages and healthy control, as well as between stages themselves. A relevant increase in copy number of <i>FCGR2C</i> and <i>FCGR3B</i> in Stage IV of sarcoidosis vs. other stages and controls was detected, but this observation was based on a limited number of Stage IV patients. Hence, polymorphism of <i>FCGR</i> genes seems to be more important than their copy number variation in etiopathogenesis of sarcoidosis in patients from the Polish population.</p></div

Evaluation of Psoriasis Genetic Risk Based on Five Susceptibility Markers in a Population from Northern Poland

<div><p>Psoriasis genetic background depends on polygenic and multifactorial mode of inheritance. As in other complex disorders, the estimation of the disease risk based on individual genetic variants is impossible. For this reason, recent investigations have been focused on combinations of known psoriasis susceptibility markers in order to improve the disease risk evaluation. Our aim was to compare psoriasis genetic risk score (GRS) for five susceptibility loci involved in the immunological response (<i>HLA-C</i>, <i>ERAP1</i>, <i>ZAP70</i>) and in the skin barrier function (<i>LCE3</i>, <i>CSTA</i>) between patients with chronic plaque psoriasis (n = 148) and the control group (n = 146). A significantly higher number of predisposing alleles was observed in patients with psoriasis in comparison to healthy individuals (6.1 vs. 5.2, respectively; P = 8.8×10⁻⁷). The statistical significance was even more profound when GRS weighted by logarithm odds ratios was evaluated (P = 9.9×10⁻¹⁴). Our results demonstrate the developed panel of five susceptibility loci to be more efficient in predicting psoriasis risk in the Polish population and to possess higher sensitivity and specificity for the disease than any of the markers analyzed separately, including the most informative <i>HLA-C*06</i> allele.</p></div

The review of SNPs of <i>CSTA</i>, <i>ERAP1</i> and <i>ZAP70</i> genes, which were tested for correlation with the risk of psoriasis.

<p>The review of SNPs of <i>CSTA</i>, <i>ERAP1</i> and <i>ZAP70</i> genes, which were tested for correlation with the risk of psoriasis.</p

Cohort characteristics.

<p>Cohort characteristics.</p

Comparison of cGRS and wGRS values for the tested panel of five susceptibility markers between patients with psoriasis and healthy controls.

<p>Comparison of cGRS and wGRS values for the tested panel of five susceptibility markers between patients with psoriasis and healthy controls.</p