Adaptation and validation of Bangla version of Premature Ejaculation Diagnostic Tool

Premature Ejaculation is one of the most common causes of male sexual dysfunction with prevalence rate of 20 % to 30% in different studies across the world. Premature ejaculation causes severe anxiety, embarrassment, and depression and relational conflicts. Diagnosing Premature Ejaculation can be problematic due to multidimensional nature of the disease. Premature Ejaculation Diagnostic Tool (PEDT) is a psychometrically valid tool for this purpose. This was a cross-sectional, analytical study and was conducted at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka. The English version of the PEDT was forward and back translated. An expert committee reviewed the translations and shared their feedbacks and opinions regarding the proposed Bangla questionnaire. Bangla version of Premature Ejaculation Diagnostic Tool was applied to 51 patients after obtaining informed consent. The test was undertaken again after seven days. Validity (Content validity, Face validity, Factor analysis) and reliability (Internal consistency, and test–retest reliability) were assessed. The expert committee expressed their satisfaction regarding Face and Content valid- ity of the questionnaire. Factor Analysis by Principal Component Analysis revealed that the questionnaire had high level of commonalities among the items and yielded a single compo- nent model like the original version. Cronbach\u27s Alpha () value of 0.827 indicated good level of internal consistency. Intra-class Correlation Coefficient and Spearman\u27s rho (0.94 and 0.87 respectively) indicated significant correlation between test and retest scores. Results were congruent with findings of similar studies. The Bangla version of PEDT is a valid and reliable scale. It will help to identify patient suffering from premature ejaculation and improve quality of life of the patient and his partner. BSMMU J 2021; 14(4): 132-13

Pierson syndrome presenting as Alport syndrome: A case report

We report a 3 year 10 month old girl with Pierson syndrome. Kidney biopsy showed features suggestive of Alport syndrome. Genetic study report showed LAMB2 mutation which are considered to (Nephrotic syndrome, type 5 with or without ocular abnormalities and Pierson syndrome), TRIM8 mutation which are considered to (FSGS and neurodevelopmental syndrome). The patient is getting supportive therapy. Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Journal 2023;16(3): 178-18

The performance analysis of private conventional banks: a case study of Bangladesh

This article was published in IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM) [© 2013 IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM)] and the definite version is available at : https://www.academia.edu/4858303/The_Performance_Analysis_of_Private_Conventional_Banks_A_Case_Study_of_Bangladesh The article website is at: http://www.iosrjournals.org/iosr-jbm.htmlThis study attempts primarily to measure the financial performance of some selected privatecommercial banks in Bangladesh for the period 2006-2011 and to identify whether any relationship exists between a bank’s years of operation and its performance. For this purpose five banks have been selected from different generations. The financial performances of these banks have been scrutinized from the following four dimensions: (1) profitability (2) liquidity (3) credit risk and (4) efficiency. The study concluded that there is no specific relationship between the generation of banks and its performance. The performances of banks are dependent more on the management’s ability in formulating strategic plans and the efficient implementation of its strategies. The study findings can be helpful for management of private commercial banks in Bangladesh toimprove their financial performance and formulate policies that will improve their performance. The study alsoidentified specific areas for each bank to work on which can ensure sustainable growth for these banks.Publishe

A comparative analysis of operating performance: evidence from the top five pharmaceutical companies of Bangladesh listed with Dhaka stock exchange

This article was published in European Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Sciences [© 2013 European Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Sciences] The article website is at: http://www.europeanjournalofeconomicsfinanceandadministrativesciences.com/issues/EJEFAS_58.htmlThis paper attempts to evaluate the financial performance of pharmaceutical industry of Bangladesh through analyzing the top 5 listed companies in this sector. The study is based on secondary data from 2005 to 2010 and collected data have been analyzed through different financial ratios and statistical tools like mean, standard deviation (SD), coefficient of variance (CV) and T- test, etc. It was observed from the study of the audited financial statements of the pharmaceutical companies that the efficiency dimension has not been satisfactory for all the companies mainly due to inefficient asset management. However, most of the companies managed to maintain financial stability over the years under consideration. As far as the profitability and solvency dimensions are concerned, both Renata and Square companies outperformed the industry and had been able to generate reasonable return to the shareholders. In terms of liquidity, although the ratio of these companies has shown a downward trend over the past six years but was above the industry average. This study will help the general investors to understand the nature of operating performance of the pharmaceutical companies of Bangladesh, to identify the key factors responsible for such performance and help them to take informed investment decision.Publishe

Catastrophic Health Expenditure, Distress Financing and Impoverishment due to Out-of-Pocket Expenses for Healthcare among Patients with Chronic Liver Disease: A Cross-sectional Study among Hospitalized Patients in Bangladesh

Out-of-pocket (OOP) expenses for hospitalized patients with chronic liver disease (CLD) poses an economic challenge on affected household in the form of catastrophic health expenditure (CHE), distress financing and impoverishment. OOP Expenses data for hospitalized CLD patients from Bangladesh is scarce. This study aimed to estimate the OOP expenses and resulting CHE, distress financing and impoverishment among hospitalized patients with CLD. This cross-sectional study was conducted among conveniently selected 107 diagnosed CLD patients admitted at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) and Dhaka Medical College Hospital (DMCH) aged 18 years and above. Data were collected from the respondents using a semi-structured questionnaire through face to face interview during discharge from hospital. Out of pocket expenditure for chronic liver disease in selected hospitals was Bangladeshi Taka (BDT) 19,262. Direct medical, direct non-medical and indirect cost was BDT 16,240; 2,165 and 1,510, respectively. Investigation cost and medicine cost contributed to 48.48% and 31.81% of the total OOP expenses, respectively. At 10% threshold level, 29% of the respondents were affected by CHE. 64.5% of the respondents were facing distress financing due to OOP expenses. Among the respondents, 1.9% slipped below the international poverty line of $1.90 (BDT 161.10, in 2019).There was statistically significant (p < 0.05) difference among the mean OOP expenses for different etiological types of chronic liver disease. The study concluded that it requires establishing a more accessible and affordable decentralized health care system for CLD treatment along with the implementation of financial risk protection

ASSESSMENT OF YIELD LOSSES CAUSED BY PUCCINIA STRIIFORMIS TRIGGERING STRIPE RUST IN THE MOST COMMON WHEAT VARIETIES

Abstract Studies were carried out to assess wheat yield losses inflicted by Puccinia striiformis f.sp. tritici. Investigations revealed that there exists a direct linkage between the disease level and the yield loss in the most common commercially adopted wheat varieties in Pakistan. The yield was significantly negatively correlated with the proportion of leaf area affected by stripe rust. The correlation coefficient (-0.67805) depicted highly significant effect of stripe rust in lowering wheat yield. There was varying resistance level among different wheat varieties. The extensively cultivated wheat variety, Inquilab-91 was found to be most resistant with minimum yield loss of 5.77% followed by Wafaq-2001 and Bakhtawar with yield loss of 6.63% and 14.90%, respectively. Whereas Morocco, proved to be the most susceptible wheat variety with maximum yield deficit to the tune of 39.79%. Evaluation of disease resistance revealed that Inquilab-91, Bakhtawar and Wafaq-2001 exhibited 2.24, 1.57 and 1.36 fold resistance in respect of wheat yield as compared to the most susceptible variety Morocco. Sowing of Inquilab-91 and Bakhtawar is recommended to escape heavy yield losses wreaked by the stripe rust

Techno-economic and environmental analysis of organic municipal solid waste for energy production

Addressing the critical conundrum of escalating municipal solid waste (MSW) and shrinking landfill spaces in urban areas, this research pioneers a sustainable approach for Bangladesh by exploring the potential of biogas production from MSW. Distinctly, it fills the research gap by providing a detailed techno-economic and environmental analysis of decentralized fixed-dome anaerobic digestion facilities in the urban context of Chittagong, Bangladesh, a domain previously underexplored. Our findings demonstrate the feasibility of converting MSW into a renewable energy source, offering an innovative solution that simultaneously tackles waste management and energy generation challenges. Each proposed plant showcases the capability to generate 536 m³ of biogas daily, sufficient to power a 50 kW gas engine and supply 44 households, thereby contributing significantly to urban waste reduction and CO2 emissions mitigation by approximately 500 tons monthly. The economic analysis reveals an attractive investment payback period of two years, underscoring the model's viability and its potential as a replicable framework for similar urban settings grappling with waste management crises. This study not only bridges a critical knowledge gap but also introduces a novel, sustainable waste-to-energy model, marking a pivotal step towards achieving energy security and environmental sustainability in developing nations

Emergence of colistin-resistant Escherichia coli in poultry, house flies, and pond water in Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Objective: Emergence of colistin-resistant Escherichia coli (CREC) has generated a sense of public alarm. The objective of this study was to detect the CREC and identification of the gene responsible for such resistance. Materials and Methods: A total of 150 samples comprising poultry cloacal swab, house flies (Musca domestica), and pond water were collected randomly from Mymensingh, Bangladesh and analyzed. Isolation and identification of E. coli were done based on culture and E. coli 16S rRNA gene-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Phenotypic detection of CREC was done by disk diffusion method. Finally, colistin resistance genes were detected by PCR by using colistin resistant gene mcr3 specific primers. Results: Among the 150 samples, phenotypically 18.00% (n = 27/150) isolates were found as colistin resistant. By PCR, 8.00% of the E. coli isolates were found positive for the presence of mcr3 gene. Conclusions: Colistin resistant E. coli carrying mcr3 are detected in poultry, house flies and water that are of great public health concern. [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2019; 6(1.000): 50-53

Rice husk charcoal and acid modified rice husk charcoal for efficient adsorption of methyl orange

In this study, methyl orange (MO) was removed from solution using rice husk charcoal (RHC) and acid modified rice husk charcoal (AMRHC). In batch adsorption mode, contact time (1–240 min), pH (3–10), adsorbent dose (1–30 g/L), and initial MO concentration (10–100 mg/L) were investigated. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to characterize the adsorbent's surface morphology and chemistry. At equilibrium, the highest removal of MO by RHC and AMRHC were 89 and 99%, respectively. Removal efficiency increased with increasing adsorbent dose, while the opposite was observed for adsorption capacity because of the availability of unsaturated adsorption sites. RHC and AMRHC were best described by the Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models, with maximum adsorption capacities of 4.57 and 11.53 mg/g, respectively. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model fitted well for both adsorption and chemisorption, and the process was controlled by multi-step diffusion. Thermodynamic measurements proved that dye adsorption is a spontaneous endothermic process. HIGHLIGHTS MO adsorption was studied using RHC and AMRHC.; About 89 and 99% of MO dye were removed by RHC and AMRHC, respectively.; The maximum adsorption capacities were 4.57 and 11.53 mg/g, for RHC and AMRHC, respectively.; Kinetic data followed pseudo-second-order kinetics for both adsorbents.; The adsorption potential of both adsorbents for the treatment of MO dye was compared with other adsorbents which is cost effective.

Virulence Determinants and Methicillin Resistance in Biofilm-Forming Staphylococcus aureus from Various Food Sources in Bangladesh

The eradication of staphylococcal infections has become more difficult due to the development of antibiotic resistance and virulence in biofilm-forming Staphylococcus aureus. The presence of the life-threatening zoonotic pathogen, methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), in foods indicates a public health issue. This study, therefore, aimed to determine virulence factors and methicillin resistance in biofilm-forming S. aureus isolates from different foods and food handlers. A total of 100 PCR-positive S. aureus isolates (97 biofilm formers and three non-biofilm formers) were screened using the disk diffusion method and PCR assay. By PCR, genes encoding virulence factors, e.g., enterotoxin (sea, 30%, 95% CI: 21.90–39.59%), toxic shock syndrome toxin (tst, 20%, 95% CI: 13.34–28.88%), and Panton–Valentine leukocidin toxin (PVL, 15%, 95% CI: 9.31–23.28%), were detected in the S. aureus isolates. By the disk diffusion method, 100% (95% CI: 96.30–100.00%) of S. aureus isolates were phenotypically MRSA in nature, showing 100% resistance to oxacillin and cefoxitin. Moreover, the methicillin-resistant gene mecA was found in 61 (61%, 95% CI: 51.20–69.98%) MRSA isolates. Furthermore, all the S. aureus isolates were phenotypically resistant to ampicillin and penicillin, 30% to erythromycin, and 11% to gentamycin. Among them, 51% (95% CI: 41.35–60.58%) of S. aureus isolates were phenotypically multidrug-resistant in nature, and the multiple antibiotic resistance index varied from 0.33 to 0.55. Genes encoding resistance to beta-lactams (blaZ, 100%, 95% CI: 96.30–100.00%) and tetracyclines (tetA and tetC, 3%, 95% CI: 0.82–8.45%) were found positive in the S. aureus isolates. Genes encoding virulence determinants and MRSA were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in strong biofilm-forming S. aureus than in moderate and non-biofilm-forming isolates. To our knowledge, this is the first study in Bangladesh to incorporate preliminary data on the occurrence of virulence determinants and methicillin resistance, including resistance to clinically important antibiotics, in biofilm-forming S. aureus isolates from different foods and food handlers in Bangladesh, emphasizing a potential threat to human health