256 research outputs found
Image Quality-aware Diagnosis via Meta-knowledge Co-embedding
Medical images usually suffer from image degradation in clinical practice,
leading to decreased performance of deep learning-based models. To resolve this
problem, most previous works have focused on filtering out degradation-causing
low-quality images while ignoring their potential value for models. Through
effectively learning and leveraging the knowledge of degradations, models can
better resist their adverse effects and avoid misdiagnosis. In this paper, we
raise the problem of image quality-aware diagnosis, which aims to take
advantage of low-quality images and image quality labels to achieve a more
accurate and robust diagnosis. However, the diversity of degradations and
superficially unrelated targets between image quality assessment and disease
diagnosis makes it still quite challenging to effectively leverage quality
labels to assist diagnosis. Thus, to tackle these issues, we propose a novel
meta-knowledge co-embedding network, consisting of two subnets: Task Net and
Meta Learner. Task Net constructs an explicit quality information utilization
mechanism to enhance diagnosis via knowledge co-embedding features, while Meta
Learner ensures the effectiveness and constrains the semantics of these
features via meta-learning and joint-encoding masking. Superior performance on
five datasets with four widely-used medical imaging modalities demonstrates the
effectiveness and generalizability of our method.Comment: Accepted by CVPR 202
Zero-Shot 3D Drug Design by Sketching and Generating
Drug design is a crucial step in the drug discovery cycle. Recently, various
deep learning-based methods design drugs by generating novel molecules from
scratch, avoiding traversing large-scale drug libraries. However, they depend
on scarce experimental data or time-consuming docking simulation, leading to
overfitting issues with limited training data and slow generation speed. In
this study, we propose the zero-shot drug design method DESERT (Drug dEsign by
SkEtching and geneRaTing). Specifically, DESERT splits the design process into
two stages: sketching and generating, and bridges them with the molecular
shape. The two-stage fashion enables our method to utilize the large-scale
molecular database to reduce the need for experimental data and docking
simulation. Experiments show that DESERT achieves a new state-of-the-art at a
fast speed.Comment: NeurIPS 2022 camera-read
Bloom Filter-Based Secure Data Forwarding in Large-Scale Cyber-Physical Systems
Cyber-physical systems (CPSs) connect with the physical world via communication networks, which significantly increases security risks of CPSs. To secure the sensitive data, secure forwarding is an essential component of CPSs. However, CPSs require high dimensional multiattribute and multilevel security requirements due to the significantly increased system scale and diversity, and hence impose high demand on the secure forwarding information query and storage. To tackle these challenges, we propose a practical secure data forwarding scheme for CPSs. Considering the limited storage capability and computational power of entities, we adopt bloom filter to store the secure forwarding information for each entity, which can achieve well balance between the storage consumption and query delay. Furthermore, a novel link-based bloom filter construction method is designed to reduce false positive rate during bloom filter construction. Finally, the effects of false positive rate on the performance of bloom filter-based secure forwarding with different routing policies are discussed
The radiation emitted from axion dark matter in a homogeneous magnetic field, and possibilities for detection
We study the direct radiation excited by oscillating axion (or axion-like
particle) dark matter in a homogenous magnetic field and its detection scheme.
We concretely derive the analytical expression of the axion-induced radiated
power for a cylindrical uniform magnetic field. In the long wave limit, the
radiation power is proportional to the square of the B-field volume and the
axion mass , whereas it oscillate as approaching the short wave limit and
the peak powers are proportional to the side area of the cylindrical magnetic
field and . The maximum power locates at mass
for fixed radius . Based on this characteristic of
the power, we discuss a scheme to detect the axions in the mass range
\,neV, where four detectors of different bandwidths surround the
B-field. The expected sensitivity for eV under
typical-parameter values can far exceed the existing constraints.Comment: 10 pages, 9 figures, comments welcome
Optimal map-making with singularities
In this work, we investigate the optimal map-making technique for the linear
system while carefully taking into account
singularities that may come from either the covariance matrix \bm{A}$. We first describe the general
optimal solution, which is quite complex, and then use the modified pseudo
inverse to create a near-optimal solution, which is simple, robust, and can
significantly alleviate the unwanted noise amplification during map-making. The
effectiveness of the nearly optimal solution is then compared to that of the
naive co-adding solution and the standard pseudo inverse solution, showing
noticeable improvements. Interestingly, all one needs to get the near-optimal
solution with singularity is just a tiny change to the traditional optimal
solution that is designed for the case without singularity.Comment: 24 pages, 7 figures, and 2 appendice
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