Influence of chemical treatment on the recycling of composites before pyrolysis

Recycling of carbon fibers is one of the upcoming global research topics in composite engineering. This work investigates the influence of chemical treatment on the recovery of carbon fibers from carbon fiber reinforced plastic before pyrolysis. The chemical pretreatment was achieved using a zinc chloride/ethanol solution. The pyrolysis process was conducted in a sliding furnace. The effect of such pre-treatment on thermal degradation behaviour was determined by a thermogravimetric analyser (TGA). An original sample was also investigated for benchmarking. After the thermal pyrolysis process, the fiber tensile properties were measured using a single fiber tester. The surface functional groups and graphitization degree recovered carbon fiber were characterized using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Raman spectroscopy. The surface morphology of recycled carbon fibers was investigated by SEM. Pristine carbon fibers were also included in the study for benchmarking. During the pyrolysis process, the devolatilisation temperature of the pre-impregnated prepregreduced by around 40-50°C and the peak temperature was 40-50°C lower compared to that of the original prepreg. The chemical pre-treatment process reduces the pyrolysis temperature compared to the conventional pyrolysis process. After pyrolysis in nitrogen with a small amount of air, loose carbon fibers were recovered, and their surface was clean. The similar surface functional groups and the decrease of degree of graphitization were detected on the recycled carbon fiber

Multiplex imaging and cellular target identification of kinase inhibitors via an affinity-based proteome profiling approach

10.1038/srep07724Scientific Reports5772

Coalbed methane resources and reservoir characteristics of NO. II1 coal seam in the Jiaozuo coalfield, China

Jiaozuo coalfield is located in the northwest of Henan province, China, and Close to the Southern Qinshui coal basin. (lie most successfully commercial CBM resource developed area in China. The No. II1 coal seam is the main economic coal seam in Jiaozuo coalfield and its average thickness exceeds 5.36m. The maximum reflectance of vitrinite (R-0.max) No. II1 coal across the Jiaozuo is between 3.16% and 4.78%. The coalbody structure of the No. II1 coal seam changes greatly in different part and can be generally divided into 1 similar to 3 sub-layers. The micropores ill the No.II1 coal seam is the major pores, secondly are transitional pores, and then less macropores and mesopores. The No. II1 coal seam has stronger adsorption, and the reservoir natural permeability has all evident heterogeneity vary from 0.0001 to 83.71mD. High permeability region is often near fault structure or the boundary of fault block. The CBM genetic type is homologous thermal cracking gas of humic coal with high matunity. Gas content with the burial depth of 163 similar to 1070m varies very greatly from 4.65 to 45.75m(3)/t, with all average value of 18.3m(3)/t, and gradually increases from northeast to southwest. According to the latest evaluation for CBM resource in Jiaozuo coalfield, the existing total in-place CBM resources in the No. In coal seam with the depth of shallower than 2000 m are close to 1.2 x 10(12)m(3), most of them mainly distribute in the depth of 1000 similar to 1500 m. The existing total in-place CBM resources is dominated by the inferred CBM resource reserves (more than 70%), which distribute the undrilled places with few coal geological knowledge and deeper than 1000m. The resource concentration of the No. II1 coal,earn in Jiaozuo coalfield is in the range of (0.513-3.478)x10(8) m(3)/km(2), with an average value of 1.805x10(8) m(3)/km(2). Based on the CBM resource investigation and reservoir evaluation, the most prospective target zones for CBM production in Jiaozuo coalfield include Guhanshan coal mine, Jiulishan coal mine and the west part of Qiangnan coal district