100 research outputs found
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A bibliometric analysis of Technology Acceptance Models in Tourism-Culture-Museum and Mainstream Service Contexts
Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) is the most commonly used theoretical understanding of technology adoption research and also the most powerful model applied to describe personal acceptance decisions. Prior studies fail to become comprehensive due to confining in one industry, so authors review top journal articles in mainstream service and tourism-related industries as well as identify the diverse trendy and similar grounds through a bibliometric analysis. Totally 16 top SSCI journals selected for this research and find all the articles mention TAM. After excluding 79 papers not based on the theory of TAM, 100 papers remain. The analysis focused on descriptive statistical analysis through CiteSpace and content analysis to distinguish similarities and differences between two diverse industries. This study contributes to visualizing the progress of TAM in two industries from a comprehensive perspective and provides clues for a future investigation related to TAM. This is the pioneer study to investigate TAM in two fields using qualitative and visualized bibliometric analysis
Revenue Sharing with Multiple Airlines and Airports
This paper investigates the effects of concession revenue sharing between an airport and its airlines. It is found that the degree of revenue sharing will be affected by how carriersā services are related (complements, independent, or substitutes). In particular, when carriers provide substitutable services, the sharing proportions might become negative if horizontal substitutability is sufficiently strong. In these situations, while revenue sharing improves profit, it reduces social welfare. It is further found that airport competition results in a higher degree of revenue sharing than would be had in the case of single airports. Nevertheless, the airport-airline chains may derive lower profits through this revenue-sharing rivalry, and the situation is similar to a classic Prisonersā Dilemma. As the airport-airline chains move further away from their joint profit maximum, social welfare rises beyond the level achievable by single airports. Our analysis also shows that the (equilibrium) revenue-sharing proportion at an airport decreases in the number of its carriers, and increases in the number of carriers at the competing airports. Finally, the effects of the pure sharing contract are compared with those of the two-part sharing contract
Understanding airline price dispersion in the presence of high-speed rail
This paper examines the price dispersion among China's āBig Threeā, namely, Air China, China Eastern and China Southern in the presence of high-speed rail (HSR). It has been found that HSR is positively and significantly associated with airline price dispersion on the long-haul routes, which may suggest that the presence of HSR can facilitate airline cooperation in setting prices and outputs, thereby leading to greater price dispersion. However, on the short-haul routes where HSR is highly substitutable, the HSR competition effect dominates, and smaller price dispersion is observed. All the market structure and competition variables included in this study support the conclusion that price dispersion is greater in more concentrated and more densely travelled markets. The contribution of airline cost to price dispersion is limited
Price discrimination and yield management in the airline industry
This chapter introduces the concept of price discrimination and explores how a new airline business model enhances the practice of price discrimination in the Australian airline market. Based on the idea of price discrimination, airlines apply yield management to capture high-yield passengers and at the same time to fill the aircraft with price-sensitive passengers to avoid the flight departing with too many empty seats. This history, recent development, and approaches of airline yield management are presented in this chapter
Evaluating the price effects of two airline mergers in China
This paper compares the price effects of two influential airline mergers taking place in China in 2010. We offer the first comparative analysis of two different types of airline mergers in the Chinese airline market: a parallel merger and a complementary merger. With a difference-in-differences approach, we found that the two types of mergers resulted in similar pricing patterns for the airlines involved in the mergers, suggesting that complementary mergers could also confer an increase in market power. It has been found that the negative impact of high-speed rail on fares gradually weakened after the mergers
Effects of Perfluorooctanoic Acid on the Associated Genes Expression of Autophagy Signaling Pathway of Carassius auratus Lymphocytes in vitro
Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) has been detected in various water bodies and caused harm to aquatic organisms. The aim of this study was to investigate the cytotoxicity and mechanism associated with autophagy and oxidative stress after exposure to PFOA (0, 1, 10, 100 Ī¼g/L) for 12 h on lymphocytes, which was isolated from the head kidney of Carassius auratus (C. auratus). Both of autophagy formation, cell activity, and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels were measured. The relative expression of partial autophagy-related genes autophagy related 5 (Atg 5), autophagy related 7 (Atg 7), and Beclin 1 were also cloned and detected. Homologous relationships analysis showed high identities of genes in C. auratus and other fish by blast. C. auratus lymphocytes growth inhibition rates was increased induced by PFOA. Compared with the control group, the ROS generation and the MDA content were significantly increased in all of the PFOA-treated group. Besides, decreased SOD activity and decrease of GSH activity induced by PFOA further confirmed the occurrence of oxidative stress. The number of autophagosome formations was increased in a dose-dependent manner. Compared with the control group, Atg 7 and Beclin 1 mRNA expression was elevated significantly after PFOA exposed, showing a time-dependent manner, while mRNA expression of Atg 5 was increased remarkably in 100 Ī¼g/L PFOA-treated group. Our results indicated that PFOA caused oxidative damage to lymphocytes in C. auratus and caused various autophagy signaling pathway-associated genes imbalances in the lymphocytes. Autophagy signaling pathway-associated genes imbalance could weaken antioxidant capacity and involve in the mechanism of C. auratus lymphocytes oxidative injury caused by PFOA
Cytochrome P450 enzymes in the black-spotted frog (Pelophylax nigromaculatus): molecular characterization and upregulation of expression by sulfamethoxazole
Cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes are crucial for the detoxification of xenobiotics, cellular metabolism, and homeostasis. This study investigated the molecular characterization of CYP enzymes in the black-spotted frog, Pelophylax nigromaculatus, and examined the regulation of CYP expression in response to chronic exposure to the antibiotic sulfamethoxazole (SMX) at various environmental concentrations (0, 1, 10, and 100Ā Ī¼g/L). The full-length cDNA of Pn-CYP26B1 was identified. The sequence included open reading frames of 1,536 bp, encoding proteins comprising 511 amino acids. The signature motif, FxxGxxxCxG, was highly conserved when compared with a number of selected animal species. SMX significantly upregulated the expression of the protein CYP26B1 in frog livers at concentrations of 1 and 10Ā Ī¼g/L. SMX showed an affinity for CYP26B1 of ā7.6Ā kcal/mol, indicating a potential mechanism for SMX detoxification or adaptation of the frog. These findings contributed to our understanding of the environmental impact of antibiotics on amphibian species and underscored the importance of CYP enzymes in maintaining biochemical homeostasis under exposure to xenobiotic stress
On Enterprisesā Total Budget Management Based on Big Data Analysis
At present, there is a delay in the transmission and acceptance of information in the total budget management of enterprises, which can only provide a basis for short-term decision-making, but has limitations on long-term decision-making. However, big data analysis can increase the efficiency of capital operations, carry out budget supervision and help companies make long-term decisions. This dissertation attempts to solve the problems above by using the Lasso method and the GM-Model. Based on big data, a series of experiments are carried out on the comprehensive budget management of enterprises to study the methods and application effects of big data analysis and prediction of enterprise income. Finally, through experiments, it is found that the predicted value of the first three years is larger than the actual value, and the deviation is gradually reduced in the following years. However, the actual income in 2001 is almost the same as the predicted value. These results indicate that using this method more accurately requires a large data from different years to support and operate
Deletion of type VIII collagen reduces blood pressure, increases carotid artery functional distensibility and promotes elastin deposition
Arterial stiffening is a significant predictor of cardiovascular disease development and mortality. In elastic arteries, stiffening refers to the loss and fragmentation of elastic fibers, with a progressive increase in collagen fibers. Type VIII collagen (Col-8) is highly expressed developmentally, and then once again dramatically upregulated in aged and diseased vessels characterized by arterial stiffening. Yet its biophysical impact on the vessel wall remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that Col-8 functions as a matrix scaffold to maintain vessel integrity during extracellular matrix (ECM) development. These changes are predicted to persist into the adult vasculature, and we have tested this in our investigation. Through ou
Impact of high-speed rail on market concentration and Lerner index in Chinaās airline market
China has become the second largest air transport market in the world since 2005. Its total length of high-speed rail (HSR) tracks in operation has been greater than that of all other countries combined since 2012. HSR poses a significant challenge to the Chinese airline industry, especially on major airline routes. The impacts of HSR on two market-competition measures, namely, the HerfindahlāHirschman Index (HHI) and the Lerner index, are examined in this study. In general, the entry of HSR had the effect of reducing market power measured by both the unweighted and weighted Lerner indexes. However, the Lerner index and HHI of the routes with parallel HSR services remained consistently higher than those of the routes without parallel HSR services
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