7,470 research outputs found
Multi-stability in an optomechanical system with two-component Bose-Einstein condensate
We investigate a system consisting of a two-component Bose-Einstein
condensate interacting dispersively with a Fabry-Perot optical cavity where the
two components of the condensate are resonantly coupled to each other by
another classical field. The key feature of this system is that the atomic
motional degrees of freedom and the internal pseudo-spin degrees of freedom are
coupled to the cavity field simultaneously, hence an effective spin-orbital
coupling within the condensate is induced by the cavity. The interplay among
the atomic center- of-mass motion, the atomic collective spin and the cavity
field leads to a strong nonlinearity, resulting in multi- stable behavior in
both matter wave and light wave at the few-photon level.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure
Gapless topological Fulde-Ferrell superfluidity induced by in-plane Zeeman field
Topological superfluids are recently discovered quantum matters that host
topologically protected gapless edge states known as Majorana fermions - exotic
quantum particles that act as their own anti-particles and obey non-Abelian
statistics. Their realizations are believed to lie at the heart of future
technologies such as fault-tolerant quantum computation. To date, the most
efficient scheme to create topological superfluids and Majorana fermions is
based on the Sau-Lutchyn-Tewari-Das Sarma model with a Rashba-type spin-orbit
coupling on the }\textbf{\textit{x-y}}\textbf{ plane and a large out-of-plane
(perpendicular) Zeeman field along the }\textbf{\textit{z}}\textbf{-direction.
Here we propose an alternative setup, where the topological superfluid phase is
driven by applying an in-plane Zeeman field. This scheme offers a number of new
features, notably Cooper pairings at finite centre-of-mass momentum (i.e.,
Fulde-Ferrell pairing) and gapless excitations in the bulk. As a result, a
novel gapless topological quantum matter with inhomogeneous pairing order
parameter appears. It features unidirected Majorana surface states at
boundaries, which propagate in the same direction and connect two Weyl nodes in
the bulk. We demonstrate the emergence of such an exotic topological matter and
the associated Majorana fermions in spin-orbit coupled atomic Fermi gases and
determine its parameter space. The implementation of our scheme in
semiconductor/superconductor heterostructures is briefly discussed.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figure
First Characterization of Sphingomyeline Phosphodiesterase Expression in the Bumblebee, Bombus lantschouensis
The bumblebee (Bombus lantschouensis Vogt) is an important pollinator of wild plants. Sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase (SMPD) is a hydrolase that plays a major role in sphingolipid metabolism reactions. We report the preparation and characterization of a polyclonal antibody for bumblebee SMPD. We then use the polyclonal antiserum to detect the SMPD protein at different development stages and in different tissues. Our results showed that a 1228bp fragment homologous with the B. terrestris SMPD gene was successfully amplified. The molecular weight of the fusion protein was about 70 kDa by SDS-PAGE. An effective polyclonal antibody against SMPD was also obtained from mice and found to have a higher specificity for bumblebee SMPD. Western blotting detection showed that SMPD was expressed at a high level in queen ovaries, although expression was lower in the midgut and venom gland. SMPD expression decreased from the egg stage until the pdd stage. We interpret our results as showing that the development of an effective polyclonal antiserum for the SMPD protein of a bumblebee, which provides a tool for exploring the function of the SMPD gene. In addition, the work has confirmed that SMPD should be considered as an important enzyme during bumblebee egg and larval stages
Two-orbital spin-fermion model study of ferromagnetism in honeycomb lattice
The spin-fermion model was previously successful to describe the complex
phase diagrams of colossal magnetoresistive manganites and iron-based
superconductors. In recent years, two-dimensional magnets have rapidly raised
up as a new attractive branch of quantum materials, which are theoretically
described based on classical spin models in most studies. Alternatively, here
the two-orbital spin-fermion model is established as a uniform scenario to
describe the ferromagnetism in a two-dimensional honeycomb lattice. This model
connects the magnetic interactions with the electronic structures. Then the
continuous tuning of magnetism in these honeycomb lattices can be predicted,
based on a general phase diagram. The electron/hole doping, from the empty
to half-filled limit, is studied as a benchmark. Our Monte
Carlo result finds that the ferromagnetic reaches the maximum at the
quarter-filled case. In other regions, the linear relationship between
and doping concentration provides a theoretical guideline for the experimental
modulations of two-dimensional ferromagnetism tuned by ionic liquid or
electrical gating
The potential use of electrospun polylactic acid nanofibres as alternative reinforcements in an epoxy composite system
This pilot study elaborates the development of novel epoxy/electrospun polylactic acid (PLA) nanofibre composites at the fibre contents of 3, 5 and 10 wt% to evaluate their mechanical and thermal properties using flexural tests and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The flexural moduli of composites increase remarkably by 50.8% and 24.0% for 5 wt% and 10 wt% fibre contents, respectively, relative to that of neat epoxy. Furthermore, the similar tendency is also shown for corresponding flexural strengths being enhanced by 31.6% and 4.8%. Fractured surface morphology with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirms a full permeation of cured epoxy matrix into nanofibre structures and existence of non-destructive fibrous networks inside large void cavities. The glass transition temperature (Tg) of composites increases up to 54-60°C due to embedded electrospun nanofibres compared to 50°C for that of epoxy, indicating that fibrous networks may further restrict the intermolecular mobility of matrix in thermal effects
Why Is a High Temperature Needed by Thermus thermophilus Argonaute During mRNA Silencing: A Theoretical Study
Thermus thermophiles Argonaute (TtAgo) is a complex, which is consisted of 5′-phosphorylated guide DNA and a series of target DNA with catalytic activities at high temperatures. To understand why high temperatures are needed for the catalytic activities, three molecular dynamics simulations and binding free energy calculations at 310, 324, and 338K were performed for the TtAgo-DNA complex to explore the conformational changes between 16-mer guide DNA/15-mer target DNA and TtAgo at different temperatures. The simulation results indicate that a collapse of a small β-strand (residues 507–509) at 310 K caused Glu512 to move away from the catalytic residues Asp546 and Asp478, resulting in a decrease in catalytic activity, which was not observed in the simulations at 324 and 338 K. The nucleic acid binding channel became enlarged at 324 and 338K, thereby facilitating the DNA to slide in. Binding free energy calculations and hydrogen bond occupancy indicated that the interaction between TtAgo and the DNA was more stable at 324K and 338K than at 310 K. The DNA binding pocket residues Lys575 and Asn590 became less solvent accessible at 324 and 338K than at 310 K to influence hydrophilic interaction with DNA. Our simulation studies shed some light on the mechanism of TtAgo and explained why a high temperature was needed by TtAgo during gene editing of CRISPR
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