El “ethos” de la Generación Z: los estudiantes de medicina de la UNAM

Introduction: the succession of historical generations has accelerated due to technological innovations that have impacted communication, education and the workplace. Generation Z graduated from under- graduate degrees to enter the world of work with particular social representations and practices, experiences and expectations that frame their preferences, ideologies, beliefs and values. Objectives: i) Analyze articulations and tensions in the training experience of undergraduate internal physicians ii) Describe the communication modalities of Gen Z students in social and virtual spaces iii) Decipher the “ethos” that characterizes personal, social, and social life. educational, economic, and political education of Gen Z medical students. Method: A mixed explanatory study was conducted. First, a semantic differential attitudinal scale survey with 22 questions and its statistical analysis was used. Second, it was sought to deepen and deepen the results through focus groups. Results: 462 medical internship students responded. The reliability of the instrument (0.82). Three focus groups with a total of 30 participants. Three dimensions of analysis were found: 1) Use of communication technologies, 2) Experiences and expectations of the medical profession, and 3) Personal life and socio-political commitment. Discussion: Knowing the “ethos” that guides the behavior of Gen Z medical students, allows health systems, training institutions and employers of new doctors to understand the expectations, needs, social practices and visions of future of those who will be part of them and make them up.Introducción: la sucesión de generaciones históricas se ha acelerado debido a las innovaciones tecnológicas que han impactado a la comunicación, educación y ámbito laboral. La Generación Z egresó de la licenciatura para incorporarse al mundo laboral con representaciones y prácticas sociales particulares, experiencias y expectativas que enmarcan sus preferencias, ideologías, creencias y valores. Objetivos: i) Analizar articulaciones y tensiones en la experiencia formativa de médicos internos de pregrado ii) Describir las modalidades de comunicación de estudiantes de la Gen Z en espacios sociales y virtuales iii) Descifrar el “ethos” que caracteriza la vida personal, social, educativa, económica y política de los estudiantes de medicina de la Gen Z. Método: Se realizó un estudio mixto explicativo. Primero se utilizó una encuesta de escala actitudinal de diferencial semántico con 22 preguntas y su análisis estadístico. Segundo se buscó ahondar y profundizar en los resultados mediante grupos focales. Resultados: respondieron 462 estudiantes de internado médico. La confiabilidad del instrumento (0.82). Tres grupos focales con un total de 30 participantes. Se encontraron tres dimensiones de análisis: 1) Uso de las tecnologías de la comunicación, 2) Experiencias y expectativas de la profesión médica y 3) Vida personal y compromiso sociopolítico. Discusión: Conocer el “ethos” que orienta el comportamiento de los estudiantes de medicina pertenecientes a la Gen Z, permite a los sistemas de salud, a las instituciones formadoras y empleadoras de los nuevos médicos entender las expectativas, necesidades, prácticas sociales y visiones a futuro de quienes formarán parte de ellas y las conformarán

Effect of Composition on the Rheological Properties of (PC/ABS) and (PVDF/LDPE) Blends

A series of blends of Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) and Polycarbonate (PC) and another series of polyvinylidene fluoride, PVDF, and low density polyethylene, LDPE, were prepared and characterized for some of their rheological properties.The blends of a series were prepared by mixing the components, with different weight % composition, in a molten state using Brabender Plastograph.Visco-elastic parameters were measured using the capillary rheometer (Melt Index 3/80). Die-swelling rate, (B), was determined for different composition samples and correlated with the end pressure drop, (ΔPend), the end correction, (e), the apparent shear rate, (ϒa), the apparent shear stress, (τa), and the length-radius ratio, (L/R). The effects of blending composition on the die-swell rate, (B), the end correction, (e), and the shear strain, (SR) were also studied for the prepared series of blends

Design of Promising Heptacoordinated Organotin (IV) Complexes-PEDOT: PSS-Based Composite for New-Generation Optoelectronic Devices Applications

The synthesis of four mononuclear heptacoordinated organotin (IV) complexes of mixed ligands derived from tridentated Schiff bases and pyrazinecarboxylic acid is reported. This organotin (IV) complexes were prepared by using a multicomponent reaction, the reaction proceeds in moderate to good yields (64% to 82%). The complexes were characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, 1H, 13C, and 119Sn nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and elemental analysis. The spectroscopic analysis revealed that the tin atom is seven-coordinate in solution and that the carboxyl group acts as monodentate ligand. To determine the effect of the substituent on the optoelectronic properties of the organotin (IV) complexes, thin films were deposited, and the optical bandgap was obtained. A bandgap between 1.88 and 1.98 eV for the pellets and between 1.23 and 1.40 eV for the thin films was obtained. Later, different types of optoelectronic devices with architecture “contacts up/base down” were manufactured and analyzed to compare their electrical behavior. The design was intended to generate a composite based on the synthetized heptacoordinated organotin (IV) complexes embedded on the poly(3,4-ethylenedyoxithiophene)-poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS). A Schottky curve at low voltages (&lt;1.5 mV) and a current density variation of as much as ~3 × 10−5 A/cm2 at ~1.1 mV was observed. A generated photocurrent was of approximately 10−7 A and a photoconductivity between 4 × 10−9 and 7 × 10−9 S/cm for all the manufactured structures. The structural modifications on organotin (IV) complexes were focused on the electronic nature of the substituents and their ability to contribute to the electronic delocalization via the π system. The presence of the methyl group, a modest electron donor, or the non-substitution on the aromatic ring, has a reduced effect on the electronic properties of the molecule. However, a strong effect in the electronic properties of the material can be inferred from the presence of electron-withdrawing substituents like chlorine, able to reduce the gap energies.</jats:p

Design of Promising Heptacoordinated Organotin (IV) Complexes-PEDOT: PSS-Based Composite for New-Generation Optoelectronic Devices Applications

The synthesis of four mononuclear heptacoordinated organotin (IV) complexes of mixed ligands derived from tridentated Schiff bases and pyrazinecarboxylic acid is reported. This organotin (IV) complexes were prepared by using a multicomponent reaction, the reaction proceeds in moderate to good yields (64% to 82%). The complexes were characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, 1H, 13C, and 119Sn nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and elemental analysis. The spectroscopic analysis revealed that the tin atom is seven-coordinate in solution and that the carboxyl group acts as monodentate ligand. To determine the effect of the substituent on the optoelectronic properties of the organotin (IV) complexes, thin films were deposited, and the optical bandgap was obtained. A bandgap between 1.88 and 1.98 eV for the pellets and between 1.23 and 1.40 eV for the thin films was obtained. Later, different types of optoelectronic devices with architecture “contacts up/base down” were manufactured and analyzed to compare their electrical behavior. The design was intended to generate a composite based on the synthetized heptacoordinated organotin (IV) complexes embedded on the poly(3,4-ethylenedyoxithiophene)-poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS). A Schottky curve at low voltages (&lt;1.5 mV) and a current density variation of as much as ~3 × 10−5 A/cm2 at ~1.1 mV was observed. A generated photocurrent was of approximately 10−7 A and a photoconductivity between 4 × 10−9 and 7 × 10−9 S/cm for all the manufactured structures. The structural modifications on organotin (IV) complexes were focused on the electronic nature of the substituents and their ability to contribute to the electronic delocalization via the π system. The presence of the methyl group, a modest electron donor, or the non-substitution on the aromatic ring, has a reduced effect on the electronic properties of the molecule. However, a strong effect in the electronic properties of the material can be inferred from the presence of electron-withdrawing substituents like chlorine, able to reduce the gap energies

Delays in obtaining hospital care and abortion-related complications within a context of illegality.

Abortion, particularly when illegal, highlights inequities in different populations. Although abortion-related mortality is lower compared to other obstetric causes, abortion complications tend to be more lethal. Delays in seeking and obtaining care are determinants of negative outcomes. This study, nested within the GravSus-NE, analyzed healthcare delays and their association with abortion-related complications in three cities of northeastern Brazil (Salvador, Recife and São Luís). Nineteen public maternity hospitals were involved. All eligible women ≥18 years old hospitalized between August and December 2010 were evaluated. Descriptive, stratified and multivariate analyses were performed. Youden's index was used to determine delay. One model was created with all the women and another with those admitted in good clinical conditions, thus determining complications that occurred during hospitalization and their associated factors. Of 2,371 women, most (62.3%) were ≤30 years old (median 27 years) and 89.6% reported being black or brown-skinned. Most (90.5%) were admitted in good condition, 4.0% in fair condition and 5.5% in poor/very poor condition. Median time between admission and uterine evacuation was 7.9 hours. After a cut-off time of 10 hours, the development of complications increased considerably. Black women and those admitted during nightshifts were more likely to experience a wait time ≥10 hours. Delays were associated with severe complications (OR 1.97; 95%CI: 1.55-2.51), including in the women admitted in good condition (OR 2,56; 95%CI: 1.85-3.55), and even following adjustment for gestational age and reported abortion type (spontaneous/induced). These findings corroborate the literature, highlighting the social vulnerability of women hospitalized within Brazil's public healthcare system in a situation of abortion. The study strongpoints include having objectively measured the time between admission and uterine evacuation and having established a cut-off time defining delay based on conceptual and epidemiological criteria. Further studies should evaluate other settings and new measurement tools for effectively preventing life-threatening complications