Lindstedt Series Solutions of the Fermi-Pasta-Ulam Lattice

We apply the Lindstedt method to the one dimensional Fermi-Pasta-Ulam $\beta$ lattice to find fully general solutions to the complete set of equations of motion. The pertubative scheme employed uses $\epsilon$ as the expansion parameter, where $\epsilon$ is the coefficient of the quartic coupling between nearest neighbors. We compare our non-secular perturbative solutions to numerical solutions and find striking agreement.Comment: 17 pages, 10 figures. To appear in the Journal of Mathematical Physic

Percutaneous reduction and fixation of an intra-articular calcaneal fracture using an inflatable bone tamp: description of a novel and safe technique

Calcaneal fractures are common injuries involving the hind foot and often a source of significant long-term morbidity. Treatment options have changed throughout the ages from periods of preferred nonoperative management to closed reduction with a mallet, and more recently, open reduction and anatomic internal fixation. The current treatment of choice; however, is often debated, as open management of these fractures carries many risks to include wound breakdown and infection. A less invasive form of surgical management through small incisions, while maintaining the ability to obtain joint congruency, anatomic alignment, and restore calcaneal height and width would be ideal. We propose a novel form of fracture reduction using an inflatable bone tamp and percutaneous fracture fixation. Preoperative planning and experienced fluoroscopy is crucial to successful management using this method. Although we achieved successful radiographic outcome in this case, long-term functional outcome of this technique are yet to be published

Design and MHD modeling of ATLAS experiments to study friction

Transverse shear at the interface of two solids occurs when these solids move at different velocities. This frictional phenomenon is being studied in a series of experiments on the ATLAS capacitor bank at Los Alamos. Cylindrical targets to test friction force models are composed of alternating regions of high- and low-shock speed materials. When the target is impacted by a cylindrical, magnetically-accelerated aluminum liner, the differential shock velocity in the two materials establishes the desired shear at the interface. One- and two-dimensional MHD calculations have been performed to design liners with suitable properties to drive these 'friction-like' ATLAS experiments. A thick impactor allows the shock to be maintained for several microseconds. The ATLAS experiments use a liner that is approximately 10 mm thick at impact, with an inner surface velocity of {approx} 1.4-1.5 km/s. Interaction of this thick liner with the electrodes, or glide planes, results in significant deformation of the hardened stainless steel electrodes. Data from the ATLAS experiments and comparisons with the calculations will be presented, along with plans for future experiments

Factors Associated with Revision Surgery after Internal Fixation of Hip Fractures

Background: Femoral neck fractures are associated with high rates of revision surgery after management with internal fixation. Using data from the Fixation using Alternative Implants for the Treatment of Hip fractures (FAITH) trial evaluating methods of internal fixation in patients with femoral neck fractures, we investigated associations between baseline and surgical factors and the need for revision surgery to promote healing, relieve pain, treat infection or improve function over 24 months postsurgery. Additionally, we investigated factors associated with (1) hardware removal and (2) implant exchange from cancellous screws (CS) or sliding hip screw (SHS) to total hip arthroplasty, hemiarthroplasty, or another internal fixation device. Methods: We identified 15 potential factors a priori that may be associated with revision surgery, 7 with hardware removal, and 14 with implant exchange. We used multivariable Cox proportional hazards analyses in our investigation. Results: Factors associated with increased risk of revision surgery included: female sex, [hazard ratio (HR) 1.79, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.25-2.50; P = 0.001], higher body mass index (fo

MHD modeling of atlas experiments to study transverse shear interface interactions

The transverse shear established at the interface of two solids moving at differential velocities on the order of the sound speed is being studied in experiments on the ATLAS capacitor bank at Los Alamos. The ATLAS bank has finished certification tests and has demonstrated peak currents of 27.5 MA into an inductive load with a risetime of 5 microseconds. One- and two-dimensional MHD calculations have been performed in support of these 'friction-like' ATLAS experiments. Current flowing along the outer surface of a thick aluminum liner, 10 mm thick at impact with the interaction target, accelerates the liner to velocities of {approx}1.0-1.5 km/s. This cylindrically imploding liner impacts a target assembly composed of alternating disks of high- and low-density materials. Different shock speeds in the two materials leads to a differential velocity along the interface. Shock heating, elastic-plastic flow, and stress transport are included in the calculations. Material strength properties are modeled with a Steinburg-Guinan treatment in these first studies. Various design configurations for the ATLAS experiments are now being considered and will be presented

Influence of shockwave profile on ejection of micron-scale material from shocked Sn surfaces: an experimental study

This effort experimentally investigates the relationship between shock-breakout pressure and the amount of micron-scale fragments ejected (ejecta) upon shock release at the metal/vacuum interface of Sn targets shocked with a supported shockwave. The results are compared with an analogous set derived from HE shocked Sn targets, Taylor shockwave loading. The supported shock-pulse was created by impacting a Sn target with a Ti64 (Ti-6Al-4V) impactor that was accelerated using a powder gun. Ejecta production at the free-surface or back-side of the Sn targets were characterized through use of piezoelectric pins and Asay foils, and heterodyne velocimetry verified the time of shock release and the breakout pressure

Material science experiments on the Atlas Facility

Three material properties experiments that are to be performed on the Atlas pulsed power facility are described; friction at sliding metal interfaces, spallation and damage in convergent geomety, and plastic flow at high strain and high strain rate. Construction of this facility has been completed and experiments in high energy density hydrodynamics and material dynamics will begin in 2001