Conventional diverting techniques and novel fibr-assisted self-diverting system in carbonate reservoir acidizing with successful case studies

Conventional diverting techniques may not be useful, and the use of the advanced and well-documented diverting technique is needed to overcome the complexity and heterogeneity of carbonate reservoirs. Nowadays, there have been a lot of materials and techniques utilized for acid diversion. This paper aimed to consider various utilization of fiber-assisted self as the diverting system in acidifying carbonate reservoirs. One of the main reasons for its ability to overcome uncertainty is that the fiber itself is an inherent property, allowing for an automatic diversion adjustment downhole. When a media with infinite permeability, such as a perforation tunnel or natural fracture, is filled and bridged with a material of finite permeability such as degradable fiber, this creates a temporary skin to injectivity in that zone. This is a powerful concept, as it is a way, despite uncertainty from a lack of logging data or uncertainty in the data itself, of dampening the reservoir’s natural permeability contrast. It does not rely on petrophysical certainty to design a successful treatment

Coumarin derivatives bearing benzoheterocycle moiety: synthesis, cholinesterase inhibitory, and docking simulation study

Objective(s): To investigate the efficiency of a novel series of coumarin derivatives bearing benzoheterocycle moiety as novel cholinesterase inhibitors. Materials and Methods: Different 7-hydroxycoumarin derivatives were synthesized via Pechmann or Knoevenagel condensation and conjugated to different benzoheterocycle (8-hydroxyquinoline, 2-mercaptobenzoxazole or 2-mercaptobenzimidazole) using dibromoalkanes 3a-m. Final compounds were evaluated against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) by Ellman's method. Kinetic study of AChE inhibition and ligand-protein docking simulation were also carried out for the most potent compound 3b. Results: Some of the compounds revealed potent and selective activity against AChE. Compound 3b containing the quinoline group showed the best activity with an IC50 value of 8.80 µM against AChE. Kinetic study of AChE inhibition revealed the mixed-type inhibition of the enzyme by compound 3b. Ligand-protein docking simulation also showed that the flexibility of the hydrophobic five carbons linker allows the quinoline ring to form π-π interaction with Trp279 in the PAS. Conclusion: We suggest these synthesized compounds could become potential leads for AChE inhibition and prevention of AD symptoms

Ascorbic acid effects on in vitro maturation of mouse oocyte with or without cumulus cell

Ascorbic acid has long been associated with fertility. This study was designed to determine the effects of ascorbic acid on in vitro maturation of mouse oocyte with or without cumulus cells. In this study, 508 denuded oocytes (DOs) and 527 cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) from mice stimulated with pregnant mare's serum gonadotrophin (PMSG) were incubated for 24 h in medium containing 0, 80, 250 and 750 µM/ml of ascorbic acid prior to in vitro maturation. Maturation rate was compared. A significant decrease in the maturation rate was observed only when the DOs and COCs were exposed to 750 µM/ml of ascorbic acid (P < 0.05). The maturation rate in COCs was significantly higher than DOs in all groups (P < 0.05). These results indicate that exposure ascorbic acid promotes the development of mouse DOs and COCs from germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) to metaphase II (MII) and prevents cumulus cell degeneration at certain levels, especially 250 µM/ml of ascorbic acid (P < 0.05). However, further studies on the potential effects of different concentrations of ascorbic acid on oocyte maturation are needed

Investigating of the Relationship between Occupational Accident and Behavioural Pattern among Workers in One of the Motorcycle Assembly Lines

Introduction: Unsafe behaviours are one of the important factors in occurrence of occupational accidents that can have a negative effect on the safety attitude. Individuals with type a behavioural pattern, with personality traits, such as being hasty, competitiveness, hostility, and aggression, can be effective in the incident of occupational accidents in the workplace. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between occupational accidents and behaviour patterns among workers. Methods: This descriptive-analytic study was conducted among 60 workers engaged in one of the motorcycle assembly lines in Tehran in 2017. Friedman and Rosenman behavioural patterns questionnaire was used to determine the behaviour pattern. Moreover, the incident of accidents and pseudo- accidents recorded in the Health and Safety Department were investigated. Data analysis was performed using SPSS22. Results: A significant relationship was found between type A and B behaviour pattern with incident of accidents and pseudo- accidents. The chance of incident of accidents and pseudo- accidents among workers with type a behavioural pattern were 4.85 and 4.65 times more than that of type B behaviour pattern, respectively. There was a significant and positive statistical correlation between the behaviour pattern score and the frequency of accidents and pseudo- accidents. Conclusions: Workers with type a behavioural pattern are more likely to be injured due to their dangerous behaviours. Therefore, one of the solutions to improve safety hazardous behaviours and preventing accidents and pseudo- accidents in workplaces is to select individuals with lower risk behaviors, especially for high-risk activities

Design, synthesis, molecular docking study and biological evaluation of heteroaryl 2-phenoxypyridin-3-yl derivatives as lipoxygenase enzyme inhibitors

Introdution: Lipoxygenase enzyme is responsible for biosynthesis of leukotrienes that possess various pharmacological effects in the body. The beneficial therapeutic effects of lipoxygenase inhibitors have been proved in some diseases such as asthma, cancer and Alzheimer’s disease. So, the lipoxygenase inhibitors could be used in the treatment of some diseases and pathological conditions. In this study, heteroaryl 2-phenoxypyridine-3-yl derivatives have been synthesized and evaluated as lipoxygenase inhibitors. Methods: In this basic-applied study, the desired derivatives were synthesized in multiple steps using convenient methods. Then, the structure of compounds was validated using infrared, mass and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Finally, lipoxygenase inhibitory activity of compounds was evaluated and molecular docking studies was performed on the most active compound. Results: All target compounds were synthesized in good yields and showed good inhibitory activity against lipoxygenase (IC50 =100-179 mM) in comparison to Quercetin (IC50 = 58.5 mM) as standard inhibitor. The compound 7a (5-(2-phenoxypyridine-3-yl)-1, 3, 4-oxadiazole-2(3H)-thione) showed the most potent activity and the molecular docking studies showed that this compound was well fitted in the active site of enzyme. Conclusion: The synthesized compounds have shown good inhibitory activity against lipoxygenase and the molecular docking studies show that these compounds are able to fit in the active site of enzyme. Therefore, the target compounds could be used as lead compounds for further studies to find novel lipoxygenase inhibitor drugs