Newspapers framing and experts' perceptions on issues of corruption in Sudan

In spite of decades of political challenges, there is little data available on the state of corruption and newspapers framing in Sudan. Consequently, its widespread has been seriously undermining the fragile Sudanese peacebuilding process. Therefore, the need for a critical examination of the role newspapers played and the perceptions of journalists have become imperative. Hence, the motivation for this study’s objective on the Sudanese newspapers’ coverage in relation to level of prominence, dominant frames, ownership pattern, challenges facing journalists, extent of the effect and the solutions to problems faced by journalists. The study explored the issue through the propositions of agenda setting and news framing theories within a mixed methods design in order to systematically provide a new approach and provide a deep understanding of how the press in Sudan can address the issues of financial corruption. For collection of data, content analysis of four major newspapers in Sudan were applied, while in-depth interviews with 20 Sudanese journalists selected across both government and private newspapers were descriptively and thematically analyzed with SPSS and NVivo 8 software. The analysis was carried out in stages of coding. The findings discovered that the Sudanese press faced many obstacles that prevent its journalistic performance. Not with standing these, prominence was given high attention while responsibility frame was dominant. The findings showed that there is high level of ownership influence which restricted freedom of the media. Also, there are variations in the four newspapers in terms of the five frames. The major challenges are information concealment, lack of investigative training and imposition of taxes and the weak regulations that govern the ownership of various media. Therefore, the study has significantly contributed to the overall perspectives of how newspapers framing affects public awareness about corruption and possible remedies in Sudan. Also, how the external factor, such as ownership, access to the government’s information, censorship and restrictive laws, influence the content of the newspaper. Consequently, this study is suggesting that Sudanese newspapers be reinforced, while the Law of proprietorship need to improve on the protection of journalists who investigate corruption in Sudan

Sudanese Newspapers and “Fourth Estate” Role: Impacts of Censorship on Anti-Corruption Campaign

Logically censorship or self-censorship is always detrimental to any media whose ambition it is to be free and independent. self-censorship though exists in law, but when it is practiced it undermines the freedom of the press as the “fourth estate”. The first role of a watch-dog or “fourth estate” is severely restrained by self-censorship, lack of resources and political parties intervening in journalists’ work. It is further undermined by the economic dependence on business and political parties. Though Sudan has many local and national newspapers, still not enough attention has been paid to issues of censorship impact on corruption. In view of this, this study examines how censorship affects Sudanese newspapers’ practice fourth estate role especially in the fight against corruption. To achieve this, the study adequately probes into how ownership pattern affects Sudanese newspaper to perform their watchdog role in Sudan.  Based on the analysis therefore, it was discovered that censor hip which is the outcome of ownership influence affects Sudanese press negatively in the “fourth estate” role more importantly restrained its fight against corruption. Therefore, for Sudanese newspaper to contribute usefully to fight corruption and promote good governance efforts should be intensified to free Sudan media from the control of politicians and government. Keywords: Censorship, Ownership, Fourth Estate, Newspaper, Corruption, Sudanes

The Influence of Less Press Freedom on the Newspaper Framing of the Issues of Corruption in Sudan

The phenomenon of financial corruption has become widely dominant in the third world countries. Hence, the present study aims at identifying how press freedom affects the Sudanese newspapers in framing the issues of corruption in Sudan. The study adopted a qualitative research method using in-depth interviews to adequately probe the perspectives of the Sudanese journalists and editors; a purposeful sampling was employed in selecting 20 Sudanese journalists working in both governmental and private newspapers in Sudan. The findings revealed that the legislation is one of the key elements of the development of press industry by the Sudanese government to ensure press freedom. The findings suggest that the government may reconsider the legislation's regarding the press freedom in Sudan. Other future researchers could be needed in order to explore how far the press or media in Sudan are capable of addressing anti-corruption issues in the country

Effect of press freedom on Sudanese newspapers framing of corruption issues

This research aims at exploring the effect of the press freedom on the newspapers’ framing of the issue of corruption in Sudan. A qualitative method was adopted using in-depth interviews to adequately explore the perspectives of the Sudanese journalists and editors towards the press freedom effect on the Sudanese newspapers in terms of framing the issues of corruption. A purposeful sampling was employed in selecting 20 Sudanese journalists and editors across both the governmental and private newspapers. Therefore, the study has significantly contributed to the overall perspectives of how newspapers framing affects public awareness about corruption and possible remedies in Sudan. The findings revealed that the legislation is significant in developing the press industry which has a great role in addressing the issues of corruptions

The Roles of Newspapers Ownership Pattern and Access to Governmental Information in Framing of Issues of Corruption in Sudan

Corruption is a global threat to state efficiency which is common to both developed and developing countries alike. However corruption is more evident in developing countries such as; Sudan and its ravaging effects are particularly apparent in Sudan. However, the media contributes largely to the success of democracy in toda

Effect of Press Freedom on Sudanese Newspapers Framing of Corruption Issues

This research aims at exploring the effect of the press freedom on the newspapers’ framing of the issue of corruption in Sudan. A qualitative method was adopted using in-depth interviews to adequately explore the perspectives of the Sudanese journalists and editors towards the press freedom effect on the Sudanese newspapers in terms of framing the issues of corruption. A purposeful sampling was employed in selecting 20 Sudanese journalists and editors across both the governmental and private newspapers. Therefore, the study has significantly contributed to the overall perspectives of how newspapers framing affects public awareness about corruption and possible remedies in Sudan. The findings revealed that the legislation is significant in developing the press industry which has a great role in addressing the issues of corruptions

Physicochemical characteristics of Bt (Seeni-1) Vs. local hamid cultivar cotton seed oils

n investigation on physicochemical characteristics of Bt (Seeni-1) vs local Hamid cultivar (cv) cottonseed oils (CSO) was conducted. Protein in Seeni-1 seed was relatively higher than Hamid cv seed. Oil content, ash and fibre of Hamid cv were relatively higher. Ash and oil content in black (chemical delinting) and white (mechanical delinting) seed were relatively higher in Hamid cv. There were no differences between the specific gravity (sp.gr.), refractive index (R.I.) and moisture content of both oils. Free fatty acids (FFA) and iodine value (IV) in Seeni-1 were relatively higher. Saturated fatty acids (SFAs) in Hamid cv oil proved to be more than Seeni-1 oil [automatically the USFA should be higher in Seeni-1]. Phosphorus content in Seeni-1 oil was lower than that of Hamid cv, whereas there was no significant difference in the peroxide value (PV)

Impact of opioid-free analgesia on pain severity and patient satisfaction after discharge from surgery: multispecialty, prospective cohort study in 25 countries

Background: Balancing opioid stewardship and the need for adequate analgesia following discharge after surgery is challenging. This study aimed to compare the outcomes for patients discharged with opioid versus opioid-free analgesia after common surgical procedures.Methods: This international, multicentre, prospective cohort study collected data from patients undergoing common acute and elective general surgical, urological, gynaecological, and orthopaedic procedures. The primary outcomes were patient-reported time in severe pain measured on a numerical analogue scale from 0 to 100% and patient-reported satisfaction with pain relief during the first week following discharge. Data were collected by in-hospital chart review and patient telephone interview 1 week after discharge.Results: The study recruited 4273 patients from 144 centres in 25 countries; 1311 patients (30.7%) were prescribed opioid analgesia at discharge. Patients reported being in severe pain for 10 (i.q.r. 1-30)% of the first week after discharge and rated satisfaction with analgesia as 90 (i.q.r. 80-100) of 100. After adjustment for confounders, opioid analgesia on discharge was independently associated with increased pain severity (risk ratio 1.52, 95% c.i. 1.31 to 1.76; P < 0.001) and re-presentation to healthcare providers owing to side-effects of medication (OR 2.38, 95% c.i. 1.36 to 4.17; P = 0.004), but not with satisfaction with analgesia (beta coefficient 0.92, 95% c.i. -1.52 to 3.36; P = 0.468) compared with opioid-free analgesia. Although opioid prescribing varied greatly between high-income and low- and middle-income countries, patient-reported outcomes did not.Conclusion: Opioid analgesia prescription on surgical discharge is associated with a higher risk of re-presentation owing to side-effects of medication and increased patient-reported pain, but not with changes in patient-reported satisfaction. Opioid-free discharge analgesia should be adopted routinely

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries