The consequences of an ADHD-score in the clinical range in adolescence for mental health in young adults.

Klarer ikke gjennomføre sak: Failed to perform step 2 in Navigate Stage 'Select All' on page 'Read PDF' - Access is deniedObjectives To investigate the consequences of ADHD symptoms in adolescence to mental health as young adult, in a Norwegian population. Design and setting Data were obtained from the Norwegian Arctic Adolescent Health Study, a school-based survey conducted among 10th grade students in North Norway (2003-2005). This data were linked to the Norwegian Patient Registry(2008-2012). Participants In total, 3987 (68%) of all 5877 invited participants consented to the registry linkage. Methods The questionnaire in this study included many different subject areas, physical health, living conditions, life events, and sociodemographic relations, and it also included the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Based on the SDQ the symptom score «very high» was combined with the impact score “very high” to define an ADHD-group within the clinical range (n=94). This group was compared to a control group (n=3893) consisting of all the participants that did not qualify for the ADHD-group with scores in the clinical range. Results The findings in this study suggest that the group with scores in the ADHD clinical range are significantly more likely to suffer mental health problems later in life. All the included variables indicate statistically significant differences between the two groups compared. Conclusion The group of participants in this study defined in an ADHD-group within the clinical range are found to have statistically significant higher risk in all the examined variables compared to the control group

The Interaction Between Religiosity and Depression Among Students at Two Universities

The association between religion and mental health has been a long standing topic of the debate. Some have felt that religion leads to emotional and mental disturbances and thus is detrimental to mental health (Freud, 1907/1924, 1927/1961; Ellis, 1980, 1988); while others believe religion is helpful to mental health (Jung, 1932, 1933; Bergin 1980, 1983) . This study used 180 male and female (79%) college students from a Midwestern state university (62%) and a Christian liberal arts college. It was found that for women, private religiosity was negatively related to depression, as measured by the BDI. Students from the state university were more likely to be depressed than those from the Christian college. In addition, BDI score was predicted by being a lower income student from the state university

Reproduction in the asphalt jungle: Diverging impacts of urbanisation and beekeeping on seed production in native and invasive plants

* Urbanisation is increasing worldwide, posing a potential threat to pollinator communities and subsequently the delivery of pollination services to wild plants. However, studies are diverging on whether urbanisation positively, neutrally, or negatively correlates with wild pollinators – often due to variations in the surrounding landscape or different definitions of ‘urban’. Furthermore, the apiculture of honey bees (Apis mellifera) shows tendencies of a negative influence on wild pollinators and increased spread of invasive plant species. Therefore, it is interesting to investigate whether urbanisation and apiculture influence the dichotomy of conserving native plants while extirpating invasive plants. * I have conducted a study on pollen limitation in the two plant species Bunias orientalis (invasive) and Lotus corniculatus (native) along a landscape diversity and urbanisation gradient in 35 sites in Porsgrunn and Skien municipalities, Norway. I measured pollen limitation by comparing seed numbers and weight for hand pollinated flowers versus controls (naturally pollinated flowers) along the landscape gradients. Further, visits of insect pollinators were recorded to investigate how the pollinator community correlated with the landscape gradients, how their presence correlated with pollen limitation in B. orientalis and L. corniculatus, and how honey bees correlated with wild insects. * I found that seed numbers in the invasive B. orientalis increased with landscape diversity, indicating lower pollen limitation and a good ability to spread in heterogeneous landscapes. Seed numbers in the native L. corniculatus correlated negatively with urbanisation, indicating high pollen limitation and a lower ability to spread in urban areas. Considering insect visits, I want to highlight the finding of a positive correlation between seed numbers and honey bee visits in B. orientalis. As a consequence, honey bees might reduce pollen limitation in the invasive B. orientalis, potentially leading to increased spread. * Synthesis: The invasive B. orientalis and native L. corniculatus are interesting from a management perspective since they represent the contradictive management goals of extirpating invasive plants and conserving native plants. This study shows that knowing how landscape variables affect pollen limitation in a plant is important before applying management initiatives to reassure that the desired effect applies. The indication of increased seed set in the invasive B. orientalis from honey bee visits highlights the need for precaution when placing beehives in urban areas

The Interaction Between Religiosity and Depression Among Students at Two Universities

The association between religion and mental health has been a long standing topic of the debate. Some have felt that religion leads to emotional and mental disturbances and thus is detrimental to mental health (Freud, 1907/1924, 1927/1961; Ellis, 1980, 1988); while others believe religion is helpful to mental health (Jung, 1932, 1933; Bergin 1980, 1983) . This study used 180 male and female (79%) college students from a Midwestern state university (62%) and a Christian liberal arts college. It was found that for women, private religiosity was negatively related to depression, as measured by the BDI. Students from the state university were more likely to be depressed than those from the Christian college. In addition, BDI score was predicted by being a lower income student from the state university

The Implications of Resource Rent Tax on Innovation in Norwegian Aquaculture

This thesis aims to contribute to the ongoing discourse surrounding the Resource Rent Tax and its implications for the Norwegian aquaculture industry. Highlighting the potential negative effects on innovation and sustainability, we emphasize the importance of finding a balanced approach that addresses both economic and environmental concerns. Our proposed incentive program offers a practical solution to mitigate the adverse effects of the tax and promote the realization of future sustainability goals. We hope that policymakers and industry stakeholders will consider our findings and recommendations to ensure the long-term success and sustainability of the Norwegian aquaculture sector

The Implications of Resource Rent Tax on Innovation in Norwegian Aquaculture

This thesis aims to contribute to the ongoing discourse surrounding the Resource Rent Tax and its implications for the Norwegian aquaculture industry. Highlighting the potential negative effects on innovation and sustainability, we emphasize the importance of finding a balanced approach that addresses both economic and environmental concerns. Our proposed incentive program offers a practical solution to mitigate the adverse effects of the tax and promote the realization of future sustainability goals. We hope that policymakers and industry stakeholders will consider our findings and recommendations to ensure the long-term success and sustainability of the Norwegian aquaculture sector

Project report : Methodology for terminology harmonisation

A common understanding of language and concepts used is essential for any meaningful communication. For large rescue operations effective communication is crucial to save lives. Such operations can require cooperation among first responders from several sectors with a different understanding of terms and concepts. Redningshåndboka (the National Rescue handbook) provides a common glossary for use across all sectors for their communications in training and practice. However, today each sector maintains their own glossaries, acronyms and jargon, causing potential misunderstandings in joint operations. In this report we propose a way to apply the Norwegian Public Management Standard from the Norwegian Digitalisation Agency for concept harmonisation or concept differentiation, to existing glossaries in crisis management. We also propose supporting actions for harmonisation and introduce aspects of oral and written communication related to similarities of sounds and meaning.publishedVersio

Reliability and validity of the Norwegian version of the disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand questionnaire in patients with shoulder impingement syndrome

Background: Patient-rated outcome measures (PROMs) are an important part of clinical decision-making in rehabilitation of patients with shoulder pain. The Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) questionnaire was designed to measure physical disability and symptoms in patients with musculoskeletal disorders of the upper extremity and is one the most commonly used outcome measures for patients with shoulder pain. The purpose of this study was to investigate the reliability and validity of the Norwegian version of the DASH in patients with shoulder impingement syndrome. Methods: Sixty-three patients diagnosed with shoulder impingement syndrome at an orthopaedic outpatient clinic were included in the study. Internal consistency of the DASH was evaluated by the Cronbach’s alpha and item-to-total correlations. Test-retest reliability was analyzed by the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and limits of agreement (LoA) according to the Bland Altman method. Standard error of measurement (SEM) and minimally detectable change (MDC) were calculated for the total DASH score. Construct validity was evaluated by testing six a priori hypotheses for the Pearson’s correlation coefficient between the DASH and the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI), the 36-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) and a Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS). Results: Reliability: Cronbach’s alpha of the DASH was 0.93 and item-to-total correlations ranged from 0.36 to 0.81. ICC was 0.89. The 95 percent LoA was calculated to be between −11.9 and 14.1. SEM was 4.7 and MDC 13.1. Construct validity: Eighty-three percent of the a priori hypotheses of correlation were confirmed. The DASH showed a high positive correlation of 0.75 with the SPADI, a negative moderate correlation of −0.48 to −0.62 with physical functioning, bodily pain and physical component summary of the SF-36 and a moderate positive correlation of 0.58 with the NPRS. DASH correlated higher with the physical component summary than with the mental component summary of the SF-36. Conclusions: The Norwegian version of the DASH is a reliable and valid outcome measure for patients with shoulder impingement syndrom

Array-conditioned deconvolution of multiple component teleseismic recordings

We investigate the applicability of an array-conditioned deconvolution technique, developed for analyzing borehole seismic exploration data, to teleseismic receiver functions and data preprocessing steps for scattered wavefield imaging. This multichannel deconvolution technique constructs an approximate inverse filter to the estimated source signature by solving an overdetermined set of deconvolution equations, using an array of receivers detecting a common source. We find that this technique improves the efficiency and automation of receiverfunction calculation and data preprocessing workflow. We apply this technique to synthetic experiments and to teleseismic data recorded in a dense array in northern Canada. Our results show that this optimal deconvolution automatically determines and subsequently attenuates the noise from data, enhancing P-to-S converted phases in seismograms with various noise levels. In this context, the array-conditioned deconvolution presents a new, effective and automatic means for processing large amounts of array data, as it does not require any ad-hoc regularization; the regularization is achieved naturally by using the noise present in the array itself