Unexpected placenta accreta spectrum after the use of assisted reproductive technology in women with adenomyomectomy

Placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) is a rare complication that can lead to life-threatening postpartum hemorrhage. PAS can sometimes occur unexpectedly, without placenta previa;such cases can lead to higher maternal mortality and morbidity than expected cases. Here, the authors report a case of unexpected PAS caused by assisted reproductive technology (ART) in a woman with adenomyosis. The patient was a 37-year-old Japanese primipara woman who presented to our hospital at 11 weeks gestation, later returning to her parents' house to give birth. The woman had adenomyosis and underwent adenomyomectomy, which was followed by an ART pregnancy. The patient was admitted to our hospital because of a life-threatening preterm birth, with a short cervix and no evidence of placenta previa. Despite strict perinatal management, preterm rupture of the membrane (PROM) occurred. During laparotomy, the small intestine, rectum, and both right and left ovaries were clumped together and severely adhered to the surface of the uterus. After delivery, manual partial removal of the placenta was performed, resulting in heavy bleeding from the implantation site, which was diagnosed as an unexpected PAS. Following several uterine compression efforts, we successfully preserved the uterus

Organic carboxylate salt-enabled alternative synthetic routes for bio-functional cyclic carbonates and aliphatic polycarbonates

Simple and efficient synthetic routes for functionalized cyclic carbonates are indispensable for the practical application of side-chain bio-functionalized aliphatic polycarbonates as biodegradable functional biomaterials. In this study, a six-membered cyclic carbonate with a triethylammonium carboxylate has been prepared in one step from 2,2-bis(methylol)propionic acid (bis-MPA). We have demonstrated the suitability of the organic carboxylate salt of the bis-MPA cyclic carbonate for esterification with alkyl bromides via the SN2 mechanism, leading to the formation of functionalized cyclic carbonate monomers. The esterification of the organic carboxylate salt proceeds efficiently when alkyl bromides with α-carbonyl, allyl, and benzyl groups are used. This approach enables a two-step synthesis of functionalized cyclic carbonates from bis-MPA. The organocatalyzed ring-opening polymerization of the resultant functionalized cyclic carbonates is effectively controlled, indicating that the synthetic process involving the organic carboxylate salt does not influence their polymerizability. The ether-functionalized aliphatic polycarbonates obtained from the organic carboxylate salt exhibit good antiplatelet properties, comparable to those of a previously developed blood-compatible aliphatic polycarbonate. The synthetic pathways exploiting organic carboxylate salts enable alternative shortcuts to functionalized cyclic carbonates from bis-MPA

An Archaeological Radiocarbon Database of Japan

We present a radiocarbon database for the Japanese archipelago compiled from over 5,500 site excavation reports covering a chronological span from 55,000 BP to the present day. The complete database in Japanese contains over 44,000 entries, providing contextual information directly obtained from descriptions provided in the site reports. Here we provide a curated English translation of the database, containing a subset of 39,284 dates from the original database, which excludes duplicates and errors and includes new information concerning the dated material