Diagnostic accuracy of circular RNA for diabetes Mellitus : a systematic review and diagnostic Meta-analysis

Acknowledgements: We thank all our staff at the Tehran University of medical sciences and at Kurdistan University of Medical sciences who helped us in this work. We also acknowledge the papers that we used and participants in those papers. Funding Information: The authors declare that no funds, grants, or other support were received during the preparation of this manuscript. Publisher Copyright: © 2023, The Author(s).Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Correlation of clinical, laboratory, and short‐term outcomes of immunocompromised and immunocompetent COVID‐19 patients with semi‐quantitative chest CT score findings: A case‐control study

Abstract Background As the effects of immunosuppression are not still clear on COVID‐19 patients, we conducted this study to identify clinical and laboratory findings associated with pulmonary involvement in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients. Methods A case‐control of 107 immunocompromised and 107 immunocompetent COVID‐19 patients matched for age and sex with either positive RT‐PCR or clinical‐radiological findings suggestive of COVID‐19 enrolled in the study. Their initial clinical features, laboratory findings, chest CT scans, and short‐term outcomes (hospitalization time and intensive care unit [ICU] admission) were recorded. In addition, pulmonary involvement was assessed with the semi‐quantitative scoring system (0−25). Results Pulmonary involvement was significantly lower in immunocompromised patients in contrast to immunocompetent patients, especially in RLL (p = 0.001), LUL (p = 0.023), and both central and peripheral (p = 0.002), and peribronchovascular (p = 0.004) sites of lungs. Patchy (p < 0.001), wedged (p = 0.002), confluent (p = 0.002) lesions, and ground glass with consolidation pattern (p < 0.001) were significantly higher among immunocompetent patients. Initial signs and symptoms of immunocompromised patients including dyspnea (p = 0.008) and hemoptysis (p = 0.036), respiratory rate of over 25 (p < 0.001), and spo2 of below 93% (p = 0.01) were associated with higher pulmonary involvement. Total chest CT score was also associated with longer hospitalization (p = 0.016) and ICU admission (p = 0.04) among immunocompromised patients. Conclusions Pulmonary involvement score was not significantly different among immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients. Initial clinical findings (dyspnea, hemoptysis, higher RR, and lower Spo2) of immunocompromised patients could better predict pulmonary involvement than laboratory findings

A review of pathophysiology, mortality, risk factors and protective measures of acute kidney injury in COVID-19 patients with underlying kidney disease and kidney transplant recipients

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is the second prevalent organ damage among COVID-19 infected individuals, which mainly affects those with critical diseases or underlying kidney disorders. Emerging data have suggested that AKI is associated with adverse outcomes, severe COVID-19 disease, and high mortality. However, the true nature and pathophysiology of COVID-19-associated kidney injury, and its effect on patients with underlying kidney diseases and transplant recipients, still remains controversial. Accordingly, this review study aimed primarily to describe the history of AKI in COVID-19 infected patients and to achieve a robust understanding of the latest findings on the mechanism of the injury. Secondly, this systematic and precise review of the literature concerning the aspects of AKI in infected patients with chronic kidney disease and transplant recipients provided a comprehensive report of mortality in these individuals. Finally, the present research suggested the possible protective measures that physicians can take to prevent, control, and treat this condition. Our study paves the way for future works with a more robust methodology to better understand COVID-19-related kidney injur

Quality of in-hospital care in traumatic spinal column and cord injuries (TSC/SCI) in I.R Iran

PURPOSE: This study aimed to implement the Quality of Care (QoC) Assessment Tool from the National Spinal Cord/Column Injury Registry of Iran (NSCIR-IR) to map the current state of in-hospital QoC of individuals with Traumatic Spinal Column and Cord Injuries (TSCCI).METHODS: The QoC Assessment Tool, developed from a scoping review of the literature, was implemented in NSCIR-IR. We collected the required data from two primary sources. Questions regarding health system structures and care processes were completed by the registrar nurse reviewing the hospital records. Questions regarding patient outcomes were gathered through patient interviews.RESULTS: We registered 2812 patients with TSCCI over six years from eight referral hospitals in NSCIR-IR. The median length of stay in the general hospital and intensive care unit was four and five days, respectively. During hospitalization 4.2% of patients developed pressure ulcers, 83.5% of patients reported satisfactory pain control and none had symptomatic urinary tract infections. 100%, 80%, and 90% of SCI registration centers had 24/7 access to CT scans, MRI scans, and operating rooms, respectively. Only 18.8% of patients who needed surgery underwent a surgical operation in the first 24 h after admission. In-hospital mortality rate for patients with SCI was 19.3%.CONCLUSION: Our study showed that the current in-hospital care of our patients with TSCCI is acceptable in terms of pain control, structure and length of stay and poor regarding in-hospital mortality rate and timeliness. We must continue to work on lowering rates of pressure sores, as well as delays in decompression surgery and fatalities.</p