In vivo and in silico studies of the effects of oil extracted from Cannabis sativa L. seeds on healing of burned skin wounds in rats

IntroductionThis study investigates the potential effects of cannabis seed oil (CSO) on the wound healing process. The aim was to assess the efficacy of CSO in treating skin wounds using an animal model and to explore its anti-inflammatory properties through in silico analysis.MethodsEighteen male albino Wistar rats, weighing between 200 and 250 g, were divided into three groups: an untreated negative control group, a group treated with the reference drug silver sulfadiazine (SSD) (0.01 g/mL), and a group treated topically with CSO (0.962 g/mL). The initial wound diameter for all groups was 1 cm. In silico studies were conducted using Maestro 11.5 to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of phytoconstituents against cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2).ResultsCSO and SSD treatments led to a significant reduction (p <0.05) in the size of burned skin wounds by day 5, with contraction rates of 53.95% and 45.94%, respectively, compared to the untreated negative control group. By day 15, wounds treated with CSO and SSD had nearly healed, showing contraction rates of 98.8% and 98.15%, respectively. By day 20, the wounds treated with CSO had fully healed (100%), while those treated with SSD had almost completely healed, with a contraction rate of 98.97%. Histological examination revealed granulated tissue, neo-blood vessels, fibroblasts, and collagen fibers in wounds treated with CSO. In silico studies identified arachidic acid, γ-linolenic acid, and linolenic acid as potent inhibitors of COX-1 and COX-2. Serum biochemical parameters indicated no significant changes (p > 0.05) in liver and kidney function in rats treated with CSO, whereas a significant increase (p < 0.01) in ALAT level was observed in rats treated with SSD.DiscussionThe findings demonstrate that CSO has a promising effect on wound healing. The CSO treatment resulted in significant wound contraction and histological improvements, with no adverse effects on liver and kidney function.However, the study's limitations, including the small sample size and the need for detailed elucidation of CSO's mechanism of action, suggest that further research is necessary. Future studies should focus on exploring the molecular pathways and signaling processes involved in CSO’s pharmacological effects

Pharmacovigilance of the Covid19 therapeutic protocol: Experience of the Hassan II University Hospital of Fez, Morocco and analysis of national and international data

Faced with the pandemic related to the dissemination of the new Coronavirus and the health emergency, Morocco decided to treat patients with Covid-19 with Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) or Chloroquine (CQ), associated with Azithromycin (AZM) according to a standardized therapeutic scheme, an off-label indication that required pharmacovigilance monitoring to ensure the safety of treated patients. Objective. To present the experience of the Hassan II University Hospital of Fez concerning the management of adverse events of the Covid19 therapeutic protocol. A notification form was made available to the nursing staff to be filled in for any adverse reaction (ADR) observed after the treatment was taken. A daily collection and in-depth analysis was performed. We present the results of the analysis of the data collected in our training between April 21 and August 22, 2020, discussing them with data from national and international databases. 102 ADR cases were collected out of 915 patients hospitalized at the UHC for Covid19 during this period with a prevalence of 11%. 23 patients had underlying defects. The incriminating protocol contained CQ in 55.8% and HCQ in 44.2%. The mean age of the patients was 40.83±17.1 years (18 to 86 years) with a M/F sex ratio of 0.92. The mean time to onset was 3 days (range 1-6 days). The most noted ADRs were digestive, cardiac and neurological. 14 cases were severe (one QT prolongation), 6 of which required transfer to an intensive care unit. The course of action adopted was the restoration of corrective treatment with 12 cases of treatment discontinuation and 8 cases of switching to 2nd line treatment

Children’s poisoning profile during the Covid-19 pandemic – Experience of Hassan II University Hospital in Fez, MOROCCO

Introduction. —The Covid-19 pandemic and the containment situation, has generated enormous risks for children. Indeed, with the closure of schools, children, forced to stay at home, found themselves in permanent contact with dangerous products (drugs, disinfectants, plants) exposing them to accidental poisoning. Objective. —To describe the epidemiological, clinical and evolutionary aspects of the cases of pediatric intoxications in the UHC during the period of Covid-19, in order to assess the repercussions of this pandemic on the profile of these intoxications, in terms of number and incriminated products. Material and method. — This is a retrospective descriptive comparative study of intoxication cases admitted to the pediatric emergency department of the University Hospital of Fez spread over 2 years; from March 1, 2019 to February 2021; comparing intoxications admitted during the period of Covid-19 with the previous year. Results. — The emergency department recorded 132 cases of intoxication during the Covid-19 period (compared to 104 cases in 2019). Fez was always the most concerned city (66.21% against 69.02% in 2019). The cases emanated from the urban environment in (58.78%). The accidental circumstance was the most frequent, with an increase from 77.88% in 2019 to 82.02%. The rate of cases of envenomation that consulted was almost similar; children are more exposed to scorpion stings (73.52%) than snake bites. The analysis of incriminated products was marked by the increase of Caustics (20.38% in 2019 to 24.24% in 2020), and the decrease of pesticides (19.41% in 2019 to 13.63%). The symptomatology was dominated by neurological signs in 25.75% of cases, followed by respiratory disorders (18.18%). The evolution was favorable in 95.46%, and death occurred in 4.54% of cases compared to 3.84% in2019. The Covid-19 pandemic has changed the use of antidotes

Crack lung with toxic cerebral vasculitis: Case report

Crack is the most potent form of cocaine. It directly affects lungs if inhaled and the damage may include barotrauma, acute pulmonary edema, alveolar hemorrhage, bronchiolitis obliterans with organizing pneumonia, or vasculitis. The diagnosis of cocaine-related lung damage is based on clinical symptoms and radiological findings. When young individuals develop respiratory symptoms, investigation into cocaine use is necessary. We report the case of a young man with a history of cocaine use who presented for respiratory and neurological symptoms revealing crack lung and toxic cerebral vasculitis