Accurate Guidance Method and App Development for Assigning Parking Spaces Based on Indoor Wi-Fi

Existing parking guidance systems only provide road guidance outside the parking lot but do not provide accurate guidance to specific parking spaces inside the parking lot. By using a Kalman filter, the Grubbs test, and a neural network algorithm to improve the RSSI-based location fingerprint identification technology, an accurate location method based on indoor Wi-Fi is obtained, which implements precise route guidance and a reverse search function for parking spaces. We utilize Beidou positioning to develop a Gaode map for outdoor navigation and use an integrated system of ultrasonic detector/indicators and ground locks to manage parking spaces. Through the secondary development of an Android system and the application of a MySql database, an app for precise parking guidance was developed. The system makes full use of the Internet and parking information, eliminates information asymmetry, improves the utilization ratio of the urban static traffic resources, allocates parking spaces in real-time, breaks information islands, provides parking search and recommendation functions for users, achieves parking information-sharing, and effectively improves parking efficiency and the parking utilization ratio

BOIN: An R Package for Designing Single-Agent and Drug-Combination Dose-Finding Trials Using Bayesian Optimal Interval Designs

This article describes the R package BOIN, which implements a recently developed methodology for designing single-agent and drug-combination dose-finding clinical trials using Bayesian optimal interval designs (Liu and Yuan 2015; Yuan, Hess, Hilsenbeck, and Gilbert 2016). The BOIN designs are novel "model-assisted" phase I trial designs that can be implemented simply and transparently, similar to the 3 + 3 design, but yield excellent performance comparable to those of more complicated, model-based designs. The BOIN package provides tools for designing, conducting, and analyzing single-agent and drug-combination dose-finding trials

Introduction to Bayesian Group Sequential Design

In classical group sequential designs, a clinical trial is considered as a success if the experimental treatment is statistically significantly better than placebo. The criteria for stopping or continuing the trial are chosen to control the false-positive rate (type I error). Bayesian group sequential design has an advantage of allowing inclusion of prior information in the analysis. The decision criteria can be based on the posterior or predictive distribution of the treatment effect to stop for success or futility, or to continue for each interim analysis and the final analysis. This chapter introduces Bayesian group sequential designs with examples in a confirmatory setting, including how to calibrate the tuning parameters to set up decision criteria for the interim and final analyses, how to derive the sample size, and how to evaluate the operating characteristics via simulations

A virus-like particle of the hepatitis B virus preS antigen elicits robust neutralizing antibodies and T cell responses in mice

The preS antigen of hepatitis B virus (HBV) corresponds to the N-terminal polypeptide in the large (L) antigen in addition to the small (S) antigen. The virus-like particle (VLP) of the S antigen is widely used as a vaccine to protect the population from HBV infection. The presence of the S antigen and its antibodies in patient blood has been used as markers to monitor hepatitis B. However, there is very limited knowledge about the preS antigen. We generated a preS VLP that is formed by a chimeric protein between preS and hemagglutinin (HA), and the matrix protein M1 of influenza virus. The HBV preS antigen is displayed on the surface of preS VLP. Asn112 and Ser98 of preS in VLP were found to be glycosylated and O-glycosylation of Ser98 has not been reported previously. The preS VLP shows a significantly higher immunogenicity than recombinant preS, eliciting robust anti-preS neutralizing antibodies. In addition, preS VLP is also capable of stimulating preS-specific CD8+ and CD4+ T cell responses in Balb/c mice and HBV transgenic mice. Furthermore, preS VLP immunization provided protection against hydrodynamic transfection of HBV DNA in mice. The data clearly suggest that this novel preS VLP could elicit robust immune responses to the HBV antigen, and can be potentially developed into prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines