Study on New Thermal Insulation Construction of Thermal Recovery Boiler

AbstractThis paper analyzed existing problems of thermal insulation construction of thermal recovery boiler, and studied and designed a new thermal insulation construction of thermal recovery boiler. We carried out thermal insulation transformation for transition section of boiler, and tested the thermal insulation effect of it. According to the test data, we obtain thermal conductivity of thermal insulation construction of transition section of boiler with and without transformation. Contrast analysis shows that thermal insulation effect of new thermal insulation construction of thermal recovery boiler using fibre spray technology is better than common thermal insulation construction.It can be applied widely

China’s labor-capital ratio human capital accumulation, and labor wage: an empirical analysis using a VAR model

China’s labor-capital ratio (L-C ratio) has fallen sharply over the past two decades, indicating that labor is increasingly being replaced by capital. However, research on the L-C ratio trend is inadequate, especially regarding the driving force and its impact. This study focuses on the relationship between China’s L-C ratio and human capital accumulation by applying the panel vector auto-regression (PVAR) approach. Using a panel data of 30 Chinese provinces for 1997–2014, the analysis yields the following findings: First, the L-C ratio has a negative impact on human capital accumulation, suggesting that the major driving force of the L-C ratio’s sharp decline is the demand-side driving force, rather than the supply-side. Second, the decline of the L-C ratio is majorly driven by the demand-side factors after the Labor Contract Law, but by the supply-side factors before the law, suggesting that the Labor Contract Law has greatly changed the demand-supply balance of China’s labor market. Third, the L-C ratio has a negative effect on labor wages by increasing regional human capital accumulation, suggesting that employees can increase their wages through human capital investment in reaction to the decline in the L-C ratio

Influences of Ni Content on the Microstructural and Catalytic Properties of Perovskite LaNixCr1−xO3 for Dry Reforming of Methane

Perovskite oxides were widely used as precursors for developing metal-support type catalysts. It is attractive to explore the catalytic properties of the oxides themselves for dry reforming of methane (DRM). We synthesized LaNixCr1−xO3 (x = 0.05–0.5) samples in powder form using the sol-gel self-combustion method. Ni atoms are successfully doped into the LaCrO3 perovskite lattice. The perovskite grains are polycrystalline, and the crystallite size decreases with increasing Ni content. We demonstrated that the LaNixCr1−xO3 perovskites show intrinsically catalytic activity for DRM reactions. Reducing the Ni content is helpful to reduce carbon deposition resulting from the metal Ni nanoparticles that usually coexist with the highly active perovskite oxides. The CH4 conversion over the LaNi0.1Cr0.9O3 sample reaches approximately 84% at 750 °C, and the carbon deposition is negligible

Influences of Ni Content on the Microstructural and Catalytic Properties of Perovskite LaNi_xCr_1−xO₃ for Dry Reforming of Methane

Perovskite oxides were widely used as precursors for developing metal-support type catalysts. It is attractive to explore the catalytic properties of the oxides themselves for dry reforming of methane (DRM). We synthesized LaNixCr1−xO3 (x = 0.05–0.5) samples in powder form using the sol-gel self-combustion method. Ni atoms are successfully doped into the LaCrO3 perovskite lattice. The perovskite grains are polycrystalline, and the crystallite size decreases with increasing Ni content. We demonstrated that the LaNixCr1−xO3 perovskites show intrinsically catalytic activity for DRM reactions. Reducing the Ni content is helpful to reduce carbon deposition resulting from the metal Ni nanoparticles that usually coexist with the highly active perovskite oxides. The CH4 conversion over the LaNi0.1Cr0.9O3 sample reaches approximately 84% at 750 °C, and the carbon deposition is negligible

CuO/ZnO Heterojunction Nanorod Arrays Prepared by Photochemical Method with Improved UV Detecting Performance

CuO/ZnO heterojunction nanorod arrays were synthesized using a facile photochemical deposition strategy. The morphology of CuO was related to the concentration of Cu2+ in the Cu(NO3)2 solution, UV illumination time, and the air annealing temperature. A possible reaction mechanism was proposed. In the photochemical deposition process, the OH− was generated in the vicinity of the ZnO nanorod arrays and reacted with Cu2+ and NO3− in the solution to form Cu2(NO3)(OH)3/ZnO heterojunction nanorod arrays firstly, which were converted into CuO/ZnO heterojunction nanorod arrays completely after air annealing at a low temperature. The fabricated CuO/ZnO heterojunction nanorod arrays exhibits a well-defined rectifying characteristic and an improved photo-response performance compared with pure ZnO nanorod arrays

Heat transfer performance of thermal-washing process for crude oil pipeline

Study on the thermal wash multiphase flow and heat transfer characteristics have important significance to reduce energy consumption in wax removal. The thermal washing process of multiphase flow melting characteristics was simulated based on VOF model and RNG k-ε turbulence model. The melting temperature and pressure curves of wax were obtained under different initial conditions. The results show that the distribution of temperature in the pipe is uneven due to the action of gravity. Compared with the water temperature, the flow velocity has a greater influence on convection type. When the flow velocity is 0.5 m/s, the flow pattern of liquid wax is mainly suspended flow. When the flow velocity is 2 m/s, the wall flow is observed. The greater speed is or the higher temperature is, the faster melting rate is. The temperature increment varies with positions of the pipeline. A suitable condition for heat clean of wax was determined, which could save the cost of natural gas

Vps21 Directs the PI3K-PI(3)P-Atg21-Atg16 Module to Phagophores via Vps8 for Autophagy

Phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PI(3)P) serves important functions in endocytosis, phagocytosis, and autophagy. PI(3)P is generated by Vps34 of the class III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) complex. The Vps34-PI3K complex can be divided into Vps34-PI3K class II (containing Vps38, endosomal) and Vps34-PI3K class I (containing Atg14, autophagosomal). Most PI(3)Ps are associated with endosomal membranes. In yeast, the endosomal localization of Vps34 and PI(3)P is tightly regulated by Vps21-module proteins. At yeast phagophore assembly site (PAS) or mammalian omegasomes, PI(3)P binds to WD-repeat protein interacting with phosphoinositide (WIPI) proteins to further recruit two conjugation systems, Atg5-Atg12·Atg16 and Atg8-PE (LC3-II), to initiate autophagy. However, the spatiotemporal regulation of PI(3)P during autophagy remains obscure. Therefore, in this study, we determined the effect of Vps21 on localization and interactions of Vps8, Vps34, Atg21, Atg8, and Atg16 upon autophagy induction. The results showed that Vps21 was required for successive colocalizations and interactions of Vps8-Vps34 and Vps34-Atg21 on endosomes, and Atg21-Atg8/Atg16 on the PAS. In addition to disrupted localization of the PI3K complex II subunits Vps34 and Vps38 on endosomes, the localization of the PI3K complex I subunits Vps34 and Atg14, as well as Atg21, was partly disrupted from the PAS in vps21∆ cells. The impaired PI3K-PI(3)P-Atg21-Atg16 axis in vps21∆ cells might delay autophagy, which is consistent with the delay of early autophagy when Atg21 was absent. This study provides the first insight into the upstream sequential regulation of the PI3K-PI(3)P-Atg21-Atg16 module by Vps21 in autophagy